定期航運業經營四方物流關鍵能力之研究 Evaluating Container Carriers , Critical Capabilities to Entry Forth-party Logistics Service 劉亞寧 (Ya-Ning Liu) * 摘要 隨 著物流整合之發展趨勢,扮演供應鏈整合者之第四方物流已成發展主 流,本研究旨在以資源基礎理論為基礎,透過專家問卷進行層級分 析,藉以找出定期航運業者進入四方物流市場所需具備之關鍵能力與核心資 源。根據相關文獻與業界專家訪談共研擬出五個構面以及 23 項評估準則, 研究結果顯示定期航運業者經營四方物流最重要的能力構面依序為「物流服 務能力」、「資訊整合能力」、「供應鏈整合能力」、「顧客回應能力」及「企業 核心資源」;而最重要之五項能力屬性為「可靠的物流服務」、「供應鏈資訊整 合」、「整合型物流服務」「供應鏈流程整合」及「企業物流解決方案」。 關鍵詞: 定期航運業、第四方物流、資源基礎理論、層級分析法 Abstract The fourth-party logistics service provider, a supply chain integrator, has played an important role for offering one-stop shopping logistics services to shippers. This study aims to identify the crucial resources and capabilities for container carriers to enter the fourth-party logistics market. The methodology used is the analytical hierarchy process ( AHP ) based on the resource-based view. A research framework including five dimensions of resources and capabilities * 陽明海運股份有限公司高雄亞洲營業組專員、國立高雄海洋科技大學航運管理研究所 碩 士; 聯 絡 地 址:81243 高雄市小港區新生路 999 號; 電 話:(07)8129330;E-mail: [email protected]。 航 運 季 刊 第二十二卷 第四期 民國 102 年 12 月 頁 71~頁 91 Maritime Quarterly Vol. 22 No. 4 December 2013 pp. 71–91
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定期航運業經營四方物流關鍵能力之研究Evaluating Container Carriers, Critical Capabilities to Entry Forth-party Logistics Service
劉亞寧 (Ya-Ning Liu)*
摘要
隨著物流整合之發展趨勢,扮演供應鏈整合者之第四方物流已成發展主
流,本研究旨在以資源基礎理論為基礎,透過專家問卷進行層級分
析,藉以找出定期航運業者進入四方物流市場所需具備之關鍵能力與核心資
源。根據相關文獻與業界專家訪談共研擬出五個構面以及 23 項評估準則,
研究結果顯示定期航運業者經營四方物流最重要的能力構面依序為「物流服
務能力」、「資訊整合能力」、「供應鏈整合能力」、「顧客回應能力」及「企業
核心資源」;而最重要之五項能力屬性為「可靠的物流服務」、「供應鏈資訊整
合」、「整合型物流服務」「供應鏈流程整合」及「企業物流解決方案」。
關鍵詞: 定期航運業、第四方物流、資源基礎理論、層級分析法
Abstract
The fourth-party logistics service provider, a supply chain integrator, has
played an important role for offering one-stop shopping logistics services to
shippers. This study aims to identify the crucial resources and capabilities for
container carriers to enter the fourth-party logistics market. The methodology
used is the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) based on the resource-based view.
A research framework including five dimensions of resources and capabilities
蘇雄義 (2000);方念德 (2004);葉芊妤 (2005); Stank and Lackey (1997); Van Hoek and Cho ng (2001)
資源共用與協調 對供應鏈成員互相信任、共用資源並有效溝通協調的合作關係之能力。
供應鏈風險控制 對供應鏈中可能存在之風險進行評估並加以控制的能力。
供應鏈績效衡量 藉由績效評測來加深供應鏈成員之間合作關係的能力。
供應鏈流程整合 供應鏈作業流程整合,達到作業一貫、程序明確以及流程順暢的能力。
物流服務能力
整合型的物流服務
除提供國際化的供應鏈整合服務,亦須具備複合式一條龍的物流服務。
方念德 (2004);葉芊妤(2005);王翊和 (2006);張 恩 (2008); 邱 達智 (2009); Bowersox and Closs (1996); Fawcett et al. (1997); Stank and Lackey (1997); Lynch et al. (2000); Van Hoek and Chong (2001); Yang et al. (2009)
可靠的物流服務 能夠準確且及時的將貨物送達,提供顧客安全可靠的服務。
專業物流諮詢 具相當專業素養,能夠提供顧客專業的諮詢協商服務。
企業物流解決方案
能依據企業面臨到的供應鏈問題,提供所需的完整配套物流解決方案,為專案式的服務。
彈性物流能力 對本身提供的物流服務做彈性調整的靈活能力。
顧客整合能力
快速回應顧客需求
能迅速回應顧客的問題,並及時處理顧客所需要協助事項且使其滿意的能力。
蘇雄義 (2000);Morsah et al. (1996); Stank and Lackey (1997); Lynch et al. (2000); Yang et al. (2009)
事件應變能力 物流服務過程中,貨物或流程發生異常的處理能力,例如:貨損理賠及顧客抱怨處理。
顧客關係管理 良好的顧客管理制度與資料庫系統,做好顧客關係以達到永續經營的能力。
顧客聚焦能力 找出目標市場,針對特定顧客研擬差異化物流服務方案,創造顧客價值。
企業核心資源
企業形象 是無形的資源,泛指信譽、公司產品、文化、人員、商標等各項足以代表該企業的各項資源。
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