Logbook part 5

W EE K 9tutorial

Site visit to Cancer Centre (continued):

Throughout the site, the connections and joints between materials were relatively seamless. Where the concrete had been precast, the joints between panels, while visible were even and straight. Where the concrete had been poured in situ, the connec-tions were even more seamless.

Perhaps the most obvious connections were those between the concrete slab and the exterior !nishes. Yet, with the services yet to be added, and the ceiling height thus still to come down, such joints would become invisible, thus making such an ugly joint irrelevant.

Where the panes of glass joined their frames, a seam-less connection had been created, ensuring the building would be watertight, rain unable to pen-etrate through any unnecessary holes.

Steel yet to used to prevent the spread of radiation

The windows being !tted

W EE K 9glossary

Sandwich Panel: Sandwich beams are composite beams which consist of a low sti!ness core which is then con-nected to two sti!er exterior sheets. The beam has a higher shear sti!ness to weight ration than an equiva-lent beam and thus makes it far superior.

Bending: Bending is characterised by the behaviour of a structural element, which subjected to an external load perpendicular to its main axis, will distort. If this distor-tion is too great, then the structural element is likely to break.

Skirting: A skirting is a piece of material, which runs along the base of a wall, concealing the joint between the wall and "oor. Commonly made out of timber and painted to resemble plaster board, skirtings can come in a variety of materials including aluminium.

Composite Beam: Composite beams, like sandwich panels, are beams constructed out of a number of mate-rials. The di!erent combination of the two materials are considered to improve the structural qualities of the beam, making it superior to a beam constructed out of either of the two original materials.

Cornice: A cornice is a horizontal decorative element which crowns an aesthetic or structural element within the building. A cornice can be placed above a door, window, or against the ceiling line, and can be found either internally or externally. Often an interior cornice is constructed from plaster.

http://www.elezzsteel.com/sites/default/#les/Sandwich-Panel-1.jpg

A pile of Sandwich Panels

W EE K10knowledge maps

heroes and villains- a framework for

selecting materials

choose materialsthat dont

contain toxins organic materials

issues toconsider

impacts of buildingmaterials

40% of totalenergy use40% of

atmospheric pressure

pollution

health

energy use

25% of solid waste

waste

createssmog

costs to be wasteful

high ‘starrating’

minimise embodied

energy

destroys ozone

!llsland!lls

life cycle

how easy is it to clean?

nausea

design forreuse

want to reduce particles/

dust

want renewablerecourses

limitedrecourses

reduced lifespan

design for durability

headaches

easy to disassemble

asthma

W EE K10online learning

Collapses and Failures – When Things go Wrong:

The Timber Fascia used on the beach house case study was hindered in its long term capacity through a number of defects, including; the material selection being too wide, exposure to hot north sun, having been painted black on the outside only, and through the use of fasteners.

The !at steel and plywood within the design also faced failures and defects. Originally constructed with !at sheet cladding stuck onto the steel stud frame. There were grooves placed in the cladding to allow for tolerances. A main question is, is the glue strong enough to hold the cladding in place? The seal used to "ll the gaps was not of a high standard and detracted from the overall "nished product.

Within 12 months, the sheets have started to blister, espe-cially on the northern and western facades. The cladding is heating up during the long summer days, and thus swelling under the immense temperature. The external sheeting has started to come o# from the timber frame, with water able to run behind the cladding. The aesthetics of the building have been lost. Some of the sheets have fallen o#, the wind helping to remove them. Nails were inevitably used to prevent any further sheets from coming o#.

http://squaretexture.com/uploads/product/116/thumbs/texture_308_zinc_panel_

cladding_620d1_product_preview.JPG

Steel Cladding

W EE K10online learning

Collapses and Failures – When Things go Wrong (continued):

The whole building inevitable had to be clad in ocean-grade plywood. Recladding the building however, only created further problems with condensation forming between the original and new cladding. There is no align-ment between the new cladding and the original timber frame.

In order that a building remains structural and aesthetically sound, a number of criteria need to be considered with regard to its materials; the sustainability of the material in terms of exposure to elements, compatibility with other materials and the strength of the material, the long term performance of the material, its maintenance, and the construction and detailing process.

http://sharedesign.com/img/cache/ShareDesign_Interior_Ply_CD_Grade_390x

390.png?1378385881

Plywood Cladding

W EE K10glossary

Shear Wall: A shear wall is a structural system created from braced panels, which is used to counter the e!ects of lateral loads acting on the structure, particularly winds. A system of shear walls in the middle of a commercial building may be used to create the lift shaft/core. Soft Storey: A soft storey building is a multi-story structure, in which at least one "oor has exterior walls have been replaced by windows, doors or other openings this is considered less structurally sound than a typical shear wall.

Fascia: The fascia is the horizontal band of material running underneath the overhang of the eaves on a house or other structure. The fascia can be constructed from any material, yet normally, a light weight material is chosen.

Braced Frame: Like a shear wall, a braced frame is designed to prevent wind and other forces toppling the frame. Normally constructed in steel, the bracing works in both tension and compression in order to remain structurally sound.

Corrosion: Corrosion is the breakdown of a material by chemical reaction within its environment. Rusting, which is due to the formation of iron oxides is a well known example of corrosion.

Life Cycle: The lifecycle of a product is based from when it is #rst harvested/acquired from its natural state, to when it enters land#ll or is #nally destroyed. When considering the renewability of a material, considering how it will operate over its entire lifecycle, and what its embodied energy is, is paramount.

https://c1.static"ickr.com/1/49/139612849_c93ddd7efb.jpg

A corroguted iron house where rust has taken hold

CWconstruction workshop

As can be seen in the attached photos, our design inevita-bly was inevitably reminiscent of a bridge, with two vertical ends, with diagonal beams connecting to a central point. Such a design would prove successful, the ‘bridge’ able of de!ecting over 20cm and taking more than 220kg of force before breaking. Hammers, nails, penicils and two separate varieties of wood (sheet and beams) were used when constructing the design.

This incredible weight was enhanced due to the arrange-ment of wood, with the beam above the plywood, this allowing the beam to bend less under the compression. While based on the form of a bridge, such a design would have been enhanced had the two end pillars been weighted to prevent the structure bending as easily. One of the pin joints did break throughout the test, thus having stronger, "xed joints would prove bene"cial if the test was to be carried out again.

In comparison to the other teams present, our design was considered the most successful, the other teams e#ectively disquali"ed, because their bridge only used the plywood which could bend without breaking.

Working with real materials bene"cial in comparison to using scale models due to variance in materials behaviour. Materials behave di#erently when scaled down, thus, it is only when 1:1 sections are constructed, can the true struc-tural properties of the project be fully comprehended and understood.

Our "nished design

Other groups designs