Lockout/Tagout (Control of Hazardous Energy) Suzanne Reister/Paula Vanderpool North Central ESD 171 509-667-7100/7110.

Lockout/Tagout(Control of Hazardous

Energy)

Suzanne Reister/Paula Vanderpool

North Central ESD 171509-667-7100/7110

PURPOSE

To acquaint you with DOSH’s lockout and tagout rules, WAC 296-803, as they apply to school districts.

What will be covered

• Energy sources• LO/TO definitions• Lockout devices• Energy Control program requirements• LO/TO procedures• Employee training requirements• Required periodic reviews• How to use the sample plan

To whom these provisions apply

The requirements apply to the service and maintenance of machines and equipment in which the unexpected energization or start up of the machine or equipment or release of stored energy could cause injury to employees.

It establishes the requirements to ensure that equipment or systems are isolated from all potentially hazardous energy and are locked out or tagged out before any employees provide any service or maintenance.

1. Electrical• Electricity - live or stored

• Live electrical lines

• Electrical capacitors

2. Mechanical• Moving machinery parts• Stored mechanical movement

machinery• Engines that move machinery parts• Springs

Energy sources

3. Chemical Chemical in pipelines under pressure

or force or gravity

4. Thermal (hot or cold) Stored heat (steam lines or hot liquid)

5. Hydraulic (pressurized liquid) Hydraulic lifts

Energy sources

6. Pneumatic (pressurized gas or air)Pneumatic (air pressure) lines

7. Other energy, including gravity

Energy sources

What kinds of injuries can happen from hazardous energy• Electrocution from live parts

• Scalding from steam or hot liquids

• Chemical burns or poisoning

• From machinery: Deep cuts and gashes, crushing injuries, amputations

A man working inside a supermarket cardboard compactor was crushed when the unblocked compactor suddenly came down on top of him.

DefinitionsLockout - The placement of a lockout device on an energy isolating device so that the equipment being controlled cannot be operated until the lockout device is removed.

Tagout - The placement of a tagout device to an energy isolating device to indicate that the equipment being controlled may not be operated until the tagout device is removed.

Note: Lockout must be used if available.

An energy-isolating deviceA device that physically prevents transmission or release of energy, such as:

• An electrical circuit breaker

• A pipeline valve

• A machine block

• Anything that positively blocks or isolates energy

Means to control energy Ways to isolate, secure or block machines

and equipment from energy sources

* Locks * Adapter pins

* Tags * Key blocks

* Chains * Blind flanges

* Wedges * Cribbing

* Self-locking fasteners

A lockout device

A device that positively:

• Prevents a machine from being started up or turned on,

• Prevents a machinery part from moving,

• Prevents electrical energizing,

• Blocks a pipeline, steam line or air line

Lockout devices must be distinctive in design and durable

Electrical lockout devices

Locked out electrical panel (group lockout hasp)

Locked out circuit breaker (permanent system)

Plug lockout device

Note - There is an exemption for electrical cords if always under the control of the servicing employee.

Fluid & gas lockout devices

Gate valve cover

Ball valve lockout device

Airline quick disconnect lockout

Pneumatic lockout devicePipe flange

Tagout

• Tags are warning devices only.

• They don’t provide the same level of protection as lockout devices.

• They can only be removed by an authorized person.

• They must be legible, securely attached and resistant to degradation.

Energy Control Program• Must be written• Include the scope, purpose, authorization,

rules and techniques to control hazardous energy

• Include specific energy control procedures• Designate facility specific lockout and

tagout devices• Delineate employee training• Inform contractors of district’s procedures• Annually review effectiveness of lockout

and tagout procedures

Energy control procedures• Used to protect employees servicing or

maintaining equipment from potentially hazardous energy.

• A lockout system must be used if an energy-isolating device can be locked out. If not, a tagout system must be used.

• Similar machines and equipment may be covered by a single written procedure if they use the same types of energy, they have similar controls, they are identified by type and location.

• Order new equipment so it can be locked out.

Energy control procedures

• Must clearly and specifically outline the scope, purpose, authorization, rules and techniques to control hazardous energy and how you’ll make sure employees follow the procedures.

• Specify:– When the procedure must be used– What the procedures are for shutting down,

isolating, blocking and securing the equipment and for placing, removing, and transferring lockout or tagout devices and who is responsible for them

– How to test the equipment to verify effectiveness of lockout/tagout

Energy control procedures - exemption

Written energy control procedures are not required if all these are true:

• The equipment has only one energy source• Locking out the single energy source completely

deenergizes it• There is no stored or residual energy• The single energy source can be locked out with a

single lockout device• The equipment is isolated and locked out during service

or maintenance• The authorized employee performing the service or

maintenance has exclusive control of the lockout device• Service or maintenance doesn’t create a hazard for

other employees• The equipment has never unexpectedly energized or

activated during service or maintenance.

School equipment that may require lockout/tagout

• HVAC equipment, fans and heater• Motorized equipment• Boilers and pressure vessels• Hard-wired electrical lights• Pumps and pressurized tanks• Hard-wired shop equipment• Kitchen equipment• Overhead lights and electrical

outlets

When someone will be servicing or repairing machinery or equipment

AND

the unexpected machinery start-up or release of stored energy could cause injury

This includes installing, constructing, adjusting, modifying, unjamming, cleaning, lubrication, inspecting, and/or setup.

Lockout/tagout is required

Lockout/tagout procedures1. Notify affected employees that machine

or equipment will be shut down and locked/tagged out

2. Shut down the machinery or equipment

3. Isolate energy sources with energy-isolating devices

4. Lockout/tagout energy-isolating devices with assigned locks/tags

5. Release or restrain stored or residual energy

6. Test machinery to make sure it can’t start up before starting work

Notify employees1

Shut downequipment

2

Isolate energy3

Attach lockoutdevice

4

Release stored energy

5

Verify lockout6

Then begin work!

• Only the authorized employee can do startup

• All are warned to stay clear

• Remove all tools, locks and tags

• Remove, reverse, open or reactivate isolating devices

• Visually check that all is clear

• Start up machine, process or line flow

Startup procedures(Removing LO/TO devices)

Considerations for shift changes -

• Ensure the orderly transfer of LO/TO protection and devices

Considerations for employees in groups -

• Ensure that everyone uses LO/TO, and that a primary authorized employee is responsible for the group

Contractor or outside service personnel -

• Inform outside workers of the district LO/TO procedures and ensure they are followed

Other lockout/tagout issues

Authorized employees – People who lock or tag out machines or equipment to perform servicing.

They need in-depth training in hazards and protective systems:• To understand the purpose and function of the ECP• To know energy control procedures• To be able to appropriately use lockout/tagout devices• For each type of equipment or machine serviced or maintained, to know:

– The type and magnitude of energy– The hazards of the energy to be controlled– The methods or means to control the energy

Who needs training

Affected employees – People who use machines or equipment on which servicing is performed under lockout/tagout.

Other employees – People who work in the area of locked out machinery or equipment.

These employees need awareness training that includes:• ECP procedures and protective systems being used• Prohibition against bypassing lockout/tagout• Recognize lockout/tagout devices used

Who needs training, continued

Note: This awareness training can be done as part of new employee safety orientation

Additional required training for tagout

• To ensure that employees understand that tags are warning devices only and not as protective as locks

• How to use tags, which may be placed differently than locks

Retrain when needed

• When new equipment is installed• When energy control procedures are revised• When employees don’t follow EC procedures

Other LO/TO training

* Required at least annually* Done by an authorized employee (not doing

LO/TO at the time)* Review of whether employees follow district

energy control procedures* Review both lockout and tagout practices* Document reviews (see sample form)

Periodic reviews of energy control procedures

How to modify the sample plan˚ Add your school district name (and

page numbers may be helpful)˚ Complete “LO/TO Energy Source

Determination” forms for all equipment or machines that employees may maintain or service

The Control of Hazardous Energy(Lockout/Tagout)

Also:˚ Determine authorized employees˚ Establish employee training (for

authorized employees and others)˚ Designate a qualified person to do

periodic inspections and annual review