Locke Smith Hume American Constitutional Republicanism Government should protect private property and leave people alone to pursue their own happiness
Locke
SmithHume
American Constitutional Republicanism
Government should protect private property and leave people alone to
pursue their own happiness
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
In his book the Social Contract Rousseau argues that……………………..
Property is bad
Nature is a cruel and ruthless place
Because of this humans enter into the social
contract in order to cooperate and
survive
The creation of private
property ruined
everything and man had to create law
So government only protects
those with property and
it is unfair
Humans have to “throw off chains of society” to find the will of the people
The best form of government is a
small direct democracy with
no private property
The State
Statism – the belief that the government should control both economic and social policy
Karl Marx
The Communist Manifesto
Class Struggle
Slaveowners
slaves
Lords
serfs
Bourgeoisie
Proletariat
Natural Communism
Natural Communism
Marx in a nutshell
The upper class has always oppressed the lower class and lives off of their labor
In capitalism the bourgeoisie oppresses because they make a profit off of the labor of the proletariat
Religion is the opiate of the masses, a way for the bourgeoisie to control the proletariat
One day the proletariat classes of the world will combine to overthrow the bourgeoisie and return the world to natural communism in which no state will be required because there will be no property
Heap of History
Fascism – a government that protects private property but controls the economy through laws and regulations
Socialism - a economic system in which the government owns the “means of production” (railroads, mines, factories) and manages the economy through central planning
Communism – economic system in which the government owns all private property and means of production and manages the economy through central planning
Charles Darwin
What really drives humans is the biological need to survive and reproduce
Social Darwinism
Social Darwinsim – humans should compete for survival through a system of lassez-faire capitalism in which the strong become wealthy and the weak become poor and only the strong survive
Laissez-Faire Capitalism – capitalistic society that is free from government interventions like tariffs, regulations, central planning and high taxes
Herbert Spencer
Sigmund Freud
Let’s Talk about Sex
Id
The beast in the basement What would society say
Superego
Ego
One’s Self
Philosophy
Nature
Otto Von Bismarck
The “Iron Chancelor” unified Germany into one nation through warfare and then implemented the worlds first welfare system
Otto Von Bismarck
Bismarck was the first leader to introduce government funded old age pensions, accident insurance, unemployment insurance, health insurance and a mandatory 13 year school system that included a national curriculum and national testing
How did it get here?
Lester F. Ward
Considered “the father of the American welfare state” Ward was responsible for bringing the idea of the German welfare state to American Academia. Germany will eventually become the center of Academia with the majority of American professors
spending time studying in Germany
Bohemianism is the practice of an unconventional lifestyle, often in the company of like-minded people, with few permanent ties, involving musical, artistic or literary pursuits. Bohemians are connected to anti-establishment view points, voluntary poverty, free love. Bohemians began emigrating to the United States in the 1840’s
Bohemian Emigration
What are the two largest Bohemian neighborhoods in the United States?
Life in the Village
How did it get here?Academia and Education
Media
Muckracking
A muckracker is a liberally reformed oriented journalist that uses investigative journalism to help change social policy
Upton Sinclair and the Jungle
Sinclair, who was a devout Socialist, spent 4 weeks undercover in a meat packing factory to expose the conditions of the meatpacking industry
So what do we call this “ism” in the United States?
Progressivism
The political belief in the United States that the Constitution was outdated for a modern society and that United States should “progress” beyond it. Progressivism consists of the following tenets
-Government funded welfare programs- government regulation of business- redistribution of wealth through tax system - laws that favor labor-Professionally trained social workers who could help with the issues of poverty - conservation of the environment - world government – there should be a world government body to settle disputes
- democratic peace theory – idea that if all of the governments in the world were democracies there would no longer be wars
C
LD
MR
POP
RR
DCDC – white segregationistsCD – small businessMR – CorporationsRR – Freed SlavesPro – social and government reformers (media and academia)LD – Immigrants/Labor UnionsPOP – poor farmers
Turn of the Century Politics
C
North
South
Pro
CD