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There is a huge amount of material not suitable for timber orpulp that is available for energy production purposes all overthe world. In Europe, country after country, has started theirbioenergy market development program, soon also Russia,where these photos where taken, will turn into a majorbioenergy nation ... PAGE 11

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bothered by smokefrom bioenergy facili-ties. Right designedcombustion and pro-per gas cleaning is thesolution. ... PAGE 10

Welcome to another issue of the Bioenergy International, paper version.As You probably know, we do also

have an internet based magazine which Youwill find at www.bioenergyinternational.com

Since the Bioenergy International is a com-mercial product it has to be financed by adv-ertisers. In this number we have 20 participa-ting companies . We look forward to followingissues based on good cooperation with readers

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The best is to use bioenergyclose to the source but if that

is not possible, biomass can betransported long distances. Howboundles of branches and tops areproduced is described inside......... PAGE 6

PowerfromWasteWhen waste deposits is

forbidden, and re-useis not possible energy pro-duction will be the solution.Power is a major product.... PAGE 8

The bioenergymarket is gro-wing. Howe-

ver, the process is notfast enough accordingto many active bioen-ergy companies andrepresentatives fromthe fossil fuel im-porting states. With financial sup-port from the Europe-an Communities Al-terner programme aproject called BIO-HEAT is running. Christian Rakos,Austrian, is the coor-dinator of this 17 sta-tes program. InsideYou will find a pre-sentation and somepreliminary results... PAGE 2

Bioenergy International No 5 July 2003 / www.bioenergyinternational.comPage 2

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Advertisers inNo 5 issue

Advertiser pageAlstom PowerSweden AB 19Amandus Kahl 17BioNorr AB 16BMH 12Bruks BioTech 17Cowi 19Enviloop AB 5EuromoneyFinance Forum 16Finbio 20Fisker Pakke-maskiner A/S 12GEA Exergy AB 4Råsjö Torv AB 16Talloil AB 16Talbott 19Timberjack 2TPS AB 17Vapo OY 16Windborne Int. 19

Editorial contentPage 3: Wood energyin large buildings.Page 5 : Elmia WoodBaltic - exhibition.Page 6-7: Innovativewood fuel produc-tion system.Page 8-9: Powerfrom waste.Page 10: Break-through for smallscale gasifier.Wood waste turnsinto energy.European biomassCHP in practice.Page 11: Russianbiomass for energy.CHP from biogas inGreece.Page 13: Mobilechipping better thanbundling?Finnish companyVapo expands inpellets productionPage 14: Innovative-solution to clean fluegasesPage 15: Lower costand emissions usingPC toolPage 16: Cleanerwaste water andmore biomass fuelPage 17: BioenergyeventsPage 19: Calendar

The slash bundler has been spe-cially designed for the collectionand bundling of logging resi-dues. The bundler compressesbranches and tops into compactbundles which are easy to trans-port from the forest to the road-side with a normal forwarderand further to the power plantusing timber trucks.

The bundling process is contin-uous and is not limited by thelength or species of the loggingresidues. Tests run in severalEuropean countries have

proven that the machine reach-es maximum productivity andoptimum compression evenwith dry deciduous tree species.

Today, several power plants inFinland are using biofuel col-lected by Timberjack bundlersand the machine has been wellreceived in many other Europe-an countries.

For more information, pleasecontact your nearest Timberjackdealer.

The Timberjack slash bundler isa new link to the industrialbioenergy chain. The branchesand tops that are left in the forestafter logging are a source of re-newable energy that can now becollected for environmentally-friendly energy production.

TIMBERJACK SLASH BUNDLER

1490D

www.timberjack.com


Fuel from forests www.bioenergyinternational.com

Sales has doubledIn Austria the use of woodpellets is growing drama-tically both in single fami-ly houses and in multi fa-mily houses. Sales of pelletboilers have almost doub-led every year through thepast 5 years, while the sa-les of oil boilers is droppingrapidly.

High efficiencyModern boilers that usewood chips or pellets arehigh tech devices that re-trieve the wood fuel auto-matically from the storage,burn it at high temperatu-res using electronicallycontrolled air supply.

They can provide morethan 90% of the energycontained in the wood forheating.

Modern wood boilers donot produce visible smoke,their emissions are almostas low as the emissions ofnatural gas boilers.

State of the art modelshave automatic mechanicalcleaning of heat exchangersurfaces and automatic ashremoval. Some modelseven compress the ashes soit is only necessary to re-move the ashes twice ayear.

Heating with wood fuels in multi family houses - a new trendin Austria.

Emerging marketWhile the use of pellet boi-lers for single family hous-es is rapidly becomingmainstream business inAustria and some of thenordic countries, the use ofwood fuels in large buil-dings as housing projectsor public buildings is themost recent emerging mar-ket.

Popular low energybuildings

The first figure aboveshows the number of mul-ti family housing projectsheated with wood in Aus-tria.

In a report published bythe Austrian Energy Agen-cy in October 2001 a firstsystematic assessment ofthis new development hasrevealed, that a new type ofsustainable housing projectis emerging: more than60% of the wood heatedbuildings are ”low energy”buildings. More than 40%also had solar thermal col-lectors for hot water prepa-ration in summer.

The total heating dem-and of a 100 m2 flat in sucha building is less than 1 tonof pellets, which corre-sponds to heating costs of

less than 200 Euro per year.

Matured technologyMr Helmut Meisel, chief oftechnical planning at theGSWB Housing Associa-tion says:

– We started with esta-blishing solar collectors forhot water preparation inour housing projects.

– Now also wood-energytechnology has maturedand we will therefore equipall our new projects bothwith solar collectors andwith wood heating sys-tems.

– Our customers areaware, that wood fuels aresignificantly cheaper thanoil or gas. In addition tothat, wood fuels are a do-mestic resource and offersignificantly higher supplysecurity than conventionalfuels, not to speak of theenvironmental benefits.

Ecopoints dramaticallychanged markettransformation

Franz Mair, responsiblefor the redesign of the hou-sing subsidy system in theprovince of Salzbur says:

– Until 1995 we used togive subsidies for establish-ment of new living spacewithout any conditions,except certain maximumcost levels.

– Then we started to in-troduce conditions by esta-blishing a model of eco-points. These points can beachieved by increasing in-sulation standards, by in-

troducing the use of rene-wable energy, by installingcontrolled ventilation withheat recovery or other inn-ovations that minimizeboth ecological impactsand operational costs ofthe buildings.

– It did not cost us an ex-tra penny. We just put newconditions in place for re-ceiving the subsidy.

Dramatic MarketTransformation

The new system of ecopointsled to a dramatic markettransformation.

Heating loads for newlyconstructed houses in Salz-burg dropped within 5years from an average of60 W/m2 to 30 W/m2. In

2002 more than 65% ofnewly constructed livingspace was supplied withsolar hot water prepara-tion. The market share ofwood heated buildings was60% in 2002, up from lessthan 10% in 1995.

The speed of market pe-netration of wood heatingsystems will further increa-se in the next years.

Do not use too largeboilers

While the whole develop-ment is very encouragingthe E.V.A. analysis did re-veal some weak points: inmany cases the plannershad designed the heatingsystem for the low energyhouses as if they were con-

Wood inlargebuildingsRevolutionary developments in wood combustion

technology and the emergence of pellets as a high tech

wood fuel have dramatically changed the

competitiveness for biofuels in large buildings which is

showed by Christian Rakos, coordinator of the 17

countries Alterner BioHeat project.

Especially good economy for wood energy in large buildings.

17 countries participate in BioHeat project

Number of wood heated residental blocks in Austria



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ventional buildings. About50% of the boilers weremore than twice as large asthey needed to be.

17 countries participatein BioHeat projects

The Alterner project BioHeatI is now followed by BioHeatII running from January 2003till the end of 2004. The totalbudget of the both projects is1.8 million Euro.

The projects is dedicatedto stimulate the use of mo-dern automatic wood boi-lers for heating large buil-dings such as schools, townhalls, hospitals, retirementhomes or residential blocks.

Large buildings - goodeconomy for bioheat

Modern wood boilers aremore expensive than oil orgas boilers but wood fuelsare significantly cheaper. Ifheat demand is relativelyhigh - as in large buildings- heating with wood fuelscan be considerably chea-per than heating with oil.

If it is cheaper - whynot more used ?

Efficient technology is av-ailable and used in a few

selected countries but stillnot commonly known andaccepted as viable option.

Thus BioHeat makes amajor effort to dissemina-te knowledge about theoption of using wood fuelsto relevant target groups asmunicipalities, provincialgovernments, housing as-sociations, consultants, ar-chitects etc.

Brochures are produced in14 different languages and a

website has been establis-hed: www.bioheat.info.

Possibilities of trainingBesides disseminating basicinformation BioHeat II willaim at involving regionalenergy agencies and trainthem to develop wood hea-ted projects.

It will also include an in-ternational training coursefor planners and the publi-cation of detailed technical

Country News

Bioenergy in Italy

Generally speakingthe market situa-

tion of biomass in Italyindicates that the pro-duction of thermal ener-gy and/or electricityfrom biomass are thehot areas of Bioenergy. In the last decade anincreasing use of bio-mass was promoted inItaly both by the Stateand Regional Adminis-trations. The main objectives ofbioenergy developmentprogrammes are aimedat decreasing the fossilfuels import (greaterthan 80% over a totalprimary energy con-sumption in 2000 equalto 188 Mtoe), and atfulfilling the commit-ment, undertaken wit-hin the Kyoto Protocol,to reduce CO2 emis-sions by a factor of6,5% with respect to the1990 level, suppres-sing about 100 Mt CO2within 2010-2012.

Examples of Italianinstruments required

for deployment:• Increase of the 2%green quota by 0.35%annually for 7years.• Regulations on the in-tegrated managementof the life cycles of was-tes and biomass in or-der to ensure consistentsupply of fuel for ener-gy production.• Create a “one-stop”office for all permittingprocedures of powerplants under a 10 MWcapacity threshold.

GeneralAbout 15 new powerplants with a total capa-city of about 200 MWe,and some district hea-ting plants with co-ge-neration, are plannedor under constructionat the moment in Italy.

The competitivity of biomass was calculated on the cost basis of a 100 kW woodchipheating system implemented in a residential block in Nestelbach (Austria). It is based onprices of 2001 for fuel oil and wood chips in the respective countries. The calculation isbased on a full cost calculation according to the VDI 2067 standard, the calculation toolcan be downloaded at http://www.bioheat.info/handbook/heatcost_da.html

manuals.Finally, the national pro-

ject managers will offer startup support for pilot projectsincluding a telephone hotli-ne and financial support forfeasibility studies.

BioHeat is coordinated byChristian Rakos from

E.V.A. - the Austrian EnergyAgency ( [email protected]).



phone: +46 21 10 56 40e-mail: [email protected]

www.enviloop.se

Italy cont.Heat production fromsolid biofuels (2000)was estimated as:• individual householdheating around 154.9PJ• process heat for woodand agricultural indu-stry 25.1 – 33.5 PJ• district heating 0.3 PJ The capacity for bio-power has increasedfrom 200 MWe 1999to 300 MWe 2001. Thegoal is to reach 2300MWe installed within2012.

BiofuelsIn Italy biodiesel ismainly used for auto-motive (blended at 10%or 20-30% with dieseloil) and urban heating(100%). The tax exemption forbiodiesel is a very pro-mising measure. Thegreen certificates haveto face with a great un-certainty on real price

BiogasThe annual productionof energy from manureis roughly 334.9 PJ/year and 209.3 PJ/yare produced from mu-nicipal wastes. In 1998 79 plantshad 116 MW installedand produced 478 800MWh electricity frombiogas from deposits.Biogas electricity wasalso produced fromplants connected to in-dustries and farms.

Liquid biofuelsThe annual biofuelsconsumption in Italy in1999 and 2000 wasevaluated in 80 ktoe,which correspond to theentire production freefrom excises (125 000tons). This amount wasincreased up to300,000 tons per yearby the Financial Law of2001 entered in forcein 2002.

Country News

Elmia Wood Baltic25 000 visitors met250 exhibitors ofwood-technology and-energy in Jönköping

When the Swedish summer was atit´s best, Elmia arranged the smallerwood tecnology exhibition ElmiaWood Baltic with 25 000 visitorsand 250 exhibitors. In 2005 the bigElmia Wood exhibition will bearranged. Don´t miss it! These out-side exhibitions with full scaledemonstrations are extremelyeffective in order to understand andget updated of the biomass andbioenergy field.


www.bioenergyinternational.com Forest fuelInnovative wood fuelproduction systemA new system for pro-

duction of biomass fuel

has been demonstrated

by the worlds biggest

biomass fuelled power

plant Alholmens Kraft in

Pietarsaari Finland. Read

more about how it is done

and the results so far.

The biomass prod-uction systemsare further investi-

gated and demonstratedfor the different Europeanconditions. Additionallythe tests have been carriedout in Austria, Germany,Italy, France, Sweden andSpain.

The production of forestbiofuel includes manyphases; tree felling, mate-rial collection, local tran-sportation, long distancetransport, storing, fuel pre-paration and combustion.This kind of production isexpensive because the ma-terial is usually scatteredover the site area and alsothe energy content ofbiomass is lower than thefossil fuels are having. Tomake this kind of fuelproduction system econo-mical a new innovativecompression technology isused.

The entire new machin-ery is developed for thewhole chain from forest tothe power plant. There aretwo main areas where thenew technology is deve-loped: young forests (andsmall dimension trees) andslash bundle productionfrom the regeneration sites.

The bundling methodIn the bundling method,the forest residual, or slash,

left behind by a harvester,is collected and fed into thebundler, which producescompact slash logs.

Typically slash logs arearound 3 meters in lengthand about 60-80 cm in dia-meter. Each bundle containsabout 1 MWh of energywhen combusted. A fellingarea of one hectare in sizeyields about 70 - 140bundles.

After being bundled, theslash logs are transportedfrom the forest to the road-side by forwarders. Slashlogs can be stored tempo-rarily in the forest or theycan be transported directlyto the power plant bytruck. The slash logs areusually crushed at thepower plant or terminalinventory, which enablesthe use of very effective and

economical crushing orchipping method.

The bundle machineThe bundler weights about23 t. and is 11 m long. Onemachine is producingabout 20 bundles in hourthrough the year exceedingthe annual production of60.000, i.e. 60 GWh ofenergy.

The production of forest biofuel includes many phases; tree felling, material collection, localtransportation, long distance transport, storing, fuel preparation, combustion

Country News

SpainLiquid biofuels and

pelletsAccording to new lawallowing tax exemptionfor all projects relatedwith liquid biofuels, useof biofuels for transportmarket is being hot la-tely in Spain. Generally speaking,in the short term liquidbiofuels are consideredas the most importantfor the new coming pro-jects but in the middleterm there is also somepotential for energycrops to produce pelletsfor the heat market.

CanadaProgress in the use

of biomass forenergy productionThe firm AlternativeGreen Energy System(AGES) in Montreal su-burb Baie d’Urfe has inJune made a step for-ward towards the pro-duction of energy frombiomass thanks to theinstallation of the kine-tic disintegration systemKDS in the AtlanticPackaging Ltd papermill in Whitby, Ontario.KDS is an integratedcombustion system forbiomass which carriesout the scooping anddrying process of woodresidues by means ofstatic shock waves inorder to produce a dryfuel dust. Read more onhttp://www.itebe.org

FranceRenewable Energysources and raw

materialsCurrent situation andforecast developmentsin the context of thefight against climatechange. The ADEMEhas compiled a 64page report which pre-sents, among other to-pics, the uses of energy,


www.bioenergyinternational.comForest fuelfuel in feeding ports in theboiler. The requirement onthe fuel feeding system isvery high since it has tosupply 1000 m3 of fuel perhour. There are 350 peopleworking in the fuel productionand transportation.

High speed crusherThe forest fuels are fed intothe high speed crushermanufactured by SaalahtiOy and BMH WoodTechnology.

The crusher parametersare the following: Power:2*500 kW electric motors,size of the feeding table:1,8*12 m, feed in area:2,1*1,1 m, capacity: 160m3/h (320MWh/h).

Fuel system atAlholmen

Alholmens Kraft BiopowerPlant started its commercialoperation in October 2001in Pietarsaari, Finland. It isthe world’s largest CHPplant fuelled by biomasswith the steam power of550 MW. The annual fueldemand is 3500 GWh and theshare of the wood fuels is over1500 GWh. Timberjack’smachines are supplyingfrom the beginning 300.000bundles i.e. 300 GWh ofenergy annually for theplant.

1000 m3 per hourThe power plant consistsof the CF boiler deliveredby Kvaerner. The full loadis achieved when relativelydry wood fuel is used.There are altogether 11

Unloading time of a truck:14 minutes, crushing cost:1Euro/MWh

Trucks and trainsThe forest fuel is trans-ported to the power plantmainly by the log trucks.Also the train trans-portation has been used.By trains the transpor-tation distance can exceed200 km.

ExperienceThe Alholmens Kraftpower plant has been incommercial use for morethan 20 months and hasproven to be a successfulinvestment. The fuelproduction system has

been in use more than twoyears and has been pointedas an example for manyother projects.

There are now severalpower plants in Finlandusing the similar fuelproduction system. Thereare also pilot systems to bestarted in Spain, Swedenand USA.By Arto Timperi, Manager,Timberjack EnergyTechnology

The bundle machine

Most slash logs are transported on trucks. By train transport distance can exeed 200 kilometers.

The fuel handling system where the slash bundles are fed into the crusher with a capacity of 160 m3 per hour.

the most recent deve-lopments in the renewa-ble energy field, ananalysis of the technolo-gical sector, forthco-ming developments,theinternational context,etc. The report can bedownloaded from http://www.cler.org

UKThe UK Bioenergy

Gets Fired UP!The British governmentpublished its long awai-ted Energy White Paperat the end of Februaryand confirmed the UK’scommitment to the pro-visions of the Kyoto Pro-tocol and its own ambi-tious targets for rene-wable energy. By 2010,10% of the UK’s electri-city supply must comefrom renewable energyrising to 20% by 2020.In addition, the UK hasset a target of a 60%reduction in total CO2output by 2050. Nucle-ar power has been gi-ven the thumbs downfor the foreseeable futu-re, emphasizing thecommitment to renewa-bles.

The NetherlandsConsumers willing

to pay for greenenergy

New green electricitysuppliers beat traditio-nal Dutch energy com-panies. These are theresults of a survey, con-ducted by Jungle Ratingand GreenPrices.comamong 1180 consume-rs. From the survey itappeared that mostconsumers in theNetherlands are notbeing influenced by therecent governmentplans to reduce the taxexemption for greenenergy. 42% will usegreen energy at a priceequal to the conventio-nal energy price, 46%is willing to pay morefor green energy.


www.bioenergyinternational.com Energy from

The EU LandfillDirective isbeing introdu-

ced in stages. It defi-nes categories of was-te substances forwhich the use of land-fill (dumping waste inpits) need to be redu-ced and dates bywhich this must beachieved.

For example, the

landfill of liquid was-te, certain clinical andhazardous waste hasalready been banned.The landfill of wholetyres was banned thisyear (2003) and sh-redded tyres will bebanned from 2006.

The rate at whichcountries have wor-ked to comply withthe legislation has

generally been slow.Few alternatives tolandfill have been putin place and interna-tional experience hasshown that there arelong lead times invol-ved in developing newinfrastructure.

What is becomingapparent is that thereis a significant andrapidly increasing dif-

ference between thewaste that is beingproduced and what isnow allowed to besent to a landfill site.For many countrieswaste is now a gro-wing problem.

Countries are, ho-wever, increasinglylooking at ways inwhich they can bene-fit from the waste.

Rather than land fil-ling it they are genera-ting power from inci-nerating.

Waste to energy sys-tems are far from newbut they are now be-ing used in an increa-singly diverse range ofapplications. Thereare also technologicalimprovements in theefficiencies of these

Power from waste -a mountain ofopportunity

The EU Landfill Directive, which

came into effect in 1999, is

increasing pressure on all Eu-

ropean countries to tackle the

issue of waste disposal as the

gradual introduction of the

Directive’s targets increase its

impact.

The aim of the Directive is to

prevent or reduce the negative

effects of landfill across Europe.

It sets rigorous targets that

countries need to meet within

defined time scales - and

threatens tough sanctions and

fines for countries that do not

comply.

Turbine being built: Aturbine being

manufactured at PeterBrotherhood’s factory

in Peterborough

GermanyFurther development

of the GermanRenewable Energy

Sources Act isnecessary

Actually the Renewable Energy

Sources Act is evalua-ted by the German go-vernment. The Ger-man Bioenergy Asso-ciation (BBE) requiresfor a differentiated ta-riff system between so-lid, liquid and gaseousbiomass / the differentsizes of the plants /the different biofuelsand for increasingfeed in tariffs. The con-cept and model is verysimilar to the Austrianone. Results are ex-pected in summer2003. Better condi-tions within the Rene-wable energy SourcesAct are necessary tocontinue the positivemarket developmentof the last years.

Reduced VAT-TAX-Rate for solid biofuels

The VAT-Tax-Ratefor solid biofuels

(wood chips, woodpellets) is 7 % (reducedtax rate), whereas thenormal VAT-Tax-Ratefor other products is16 %. At the begin-ning of 2003 the Ger-man government triedto cancel the reducedtax rate for severalproducts and so to taxalso solid biofuels withthe normal tax rate of16%. In several posi-tion papers the Ger-man Bioenergy Asso-ciation (BBE) tried toconvince the GermanGovernment that thiswould be a contradic-tive measure: it makesno sense to supportbioenergy on the onehand in the heat mar-ket by subsidies (forexample: investment


www.bioenergyinternational.comm waste

systems that enablemore electrical powerto be generated fromthe waste than in thepast. This increases thepotential for their use.

Typically, electricitygenerated by thesesystems has been usedin the past for localplant use but nowthey are being used tosupplement nationalpower grids.

SpecializedOne of the companiesspecialized in conver-ting waste to energy isPeter Brotherhood,which has extensiveexperience and exper-tise in the process ofdesigning and manu-facturing waste to en-ergy systems.

The company is lo-cated in Petersbo-rough in the UK andproduces steam turbi-nes with power out-puts that ranging insize from 1 to 35 MW.

Olive wastebecomes power

Waste to energy app-lications: olive wasteand municipal waste

The most recentwaste to energy sys-tem manufactured byPeter Brotherhoodhas been designed togenerate power fromburning olive waste.It will be installed at apower plant on thesouth coast of Spain.

The condensing tur-bo alternator set willgenerate 8,500 KW ofpower from steam ra-ised from burningwaste stones, skinsand fibre which re-main after extractingoil from olives.

Once the system hasbeen installed andcommissioned the elec-tricity generated will befed into the country’snational grid.

Domestic refucePeter Brotherhood tur-bines produce electri-city from the burningof domestic refuse in

Scandinavia whilst inthe UK methane fromdecaying refuse is ra-ising steam for thesame purpose.

Global supplierPeter Brotherhoodhas been supplyingsteam turbines for thecane sugar industry formany years and nowhas over 500 turbinesoperating in sugarmills across the world.

Fibrous wasteknown as ’bagasse’(which remains aftersucrose extraction) isused to fuel boilersthat feed the steamturbines.

One of the biggestsystems of this type isinstalled at Hippo Val-ley near Chirezdi, Zim-babwe, which genera-tes 20 MW of power.

The same ’green’ ap-proach to power genera-tion applies to timbermills and pro-cessingplants around the worldwhere waste wood is usedto raise steam for PeterBrotherhood turbines.

Hippo688: The20MW turbine beinglowered into place at

Hippo Valley inZimbabwe

Example:

A municipal waste plantA new municipal waste treatment plant at CrymlynBurrows near Neath, South Wales, has beendesigned specifically for reclaiming reusablematerials and then converting the remaining wasteinto electrical power.

The plant is highly efficient. Over 70 percent (byweight) of the waste fed into it is recovered. Theplant incorporates a fully integrated materials re-covery and energy centre and reception area to re-ceive all waste from mixed, presorted and othersources.

The materials recovery facility sorts and separa-te incoming waste. There is also a composting sec-tion and a fuel production section to produce refu-se derived fuel (RDF) from combustible elements.

Waste to energyturbine: A turbine for

installation in amunicipal waste to

energy plant

2.6MW Sewageplant: 2.6MW

turbine installed in asewage plant

grants, credits) and onthe other hand to in-crease the VAT-tax ratefor solid biofuels from7 to 16%. This wouldbe not incentive to se-veral target groups touse biofuels. The re-sult: BBE has been suc-cessful: the VAT-Tax forsolid biofuels is stay-ing at 7%. That means:In Germany the VAT isactually used as onetool to promote solidbiofuels and so heatfrom biomass. To re-duce the VAT-Tax ratefurther (perhaps until a100% tax exemption)seems to be an option,but for Germany it se-ems to be unrealistic.But it could be a pos-sibilitiy if this sugges-tion comes from theEuropean Union. Butin each case the VAT-Tax-Rate could only beone possible tool, oth-er instruments to pro-mote the heat marketare necessary.

BBE Requiresfor alternative

instruments in theheat market

BBE requires for aRenewable Heat

Law (as a kind of quo-ta) to promote the heatmarket. The politicaldiscussion about thisinstrument has juststarted in the first pha-se in Germany. It cannot be foreseen if andwhen such an instru-ment is used and im-plemented.Another possibility togive incentices to theheat market could bethe emission tradingsystem with certifica-tes. But this instrumenthas to be establishedon the European level,maybe in connectionwith other national in-struments (for ex-ample: RenewableHeat Law).

10 Million EuroThe waste-to-energy plant fired by the RDF isa 10 million Euro development within the over-all 46 million Euro plant.

It incorporates a steam turbine designed andbuilt by Peter Brotherhood which is the resultof two years dialogue to develop the most costeffective system which will meet the power out-put requirements of the plant.

The turbine is a six stage condensing machi-ne which utilises steam at 18.25 bar at 2500Cand exhausts at 0.1 bar absolute. It exhaustsupwards to an air cooled condenser and runs at6,700 rpm which is geared to 1,500 rpm for thegenerator. It produces 4.5MW of electricity, halfof which is used to run the plant itself with theremainder powering local council buildings andstreet lights.


www.bioenergyinternational.com Heat and power

KM Furniture Limited of WhittingtonMoor near Chesterfield, Derbyshire,produces a wide range of chairs and

tables for schools, colleges, community centresand similar environments.

In doing so the company generates in excessof 10 tonnes of wood waste each week, inclu-ding chipboard and MDF.

Prior to the installation of the combustionsystem this material had to be transported to alandfill site, adding to operating costs.

KM Furniture initially had a manualfeed unitbut, following a move to larger premises in pre-paration for further expansion, a fully automa-tic ’stand alone’ TM/A system from Talbott hasnow been installed.

The TM/A system generates 300kW of heatenergy per hour from scrap materials, off-cutsand sawdust. The resulting warm air is fed intothe factory to reduce heating costs.

John Hewitt, purchasing manager with KMFurniture, said:

–The wood waste we burn is in various forms,anything from residue from the beam saw, rou-ters and sanders to broken pallets or scrap ta-ble tops. The combustion system is very efficientand enables us to reduce our energy costs aswell as eliminating the need for us to send thescrap material to landfill sites.

The waste wood products are fed into a chip-per from where they are transferred via the dustextraction system into a bunker.

From there, a variable feed discharge augerfeeds the chippings and dust into the combus-tion chamber, by way of a rotary valve airlock,at the given rate required.

This is to ensure a high temperature burn ratefor smokeless complete combustion and maxi-mum efficiency. The automatic feed ensures thatheat continues to be generated as long as woodwaste is supplied to the system.

Wood waste turnsinto energyA leading UK educational furniture

manufacturer is saving on both landfill tax and

energy costs with the installation of a wood

waste-to-heat system which utilises its own

wood waste to heat factories. The 300 kW

installation is delivered by Talbott

This new European project willcontribute to an increased - and moreefficient - use of biomass for combined

heat and power (CHP).From 2003 to 2006 the project will dissemi-

nate biomass CHP experience based on collec-ted data from 60 existing CHP plants in Den-mark, The Netherlands, Austria, Germany,Sweden and Finland.

BIO-CHP is partly funded by the EuropeanCommission Altener programme.

The Project aims amongs other aspects to• Promote biomass CHP in Europe by dis-

playing experiences from solid biomass (inclu-ding co-firing), Municipal Solid Waste (MSW),anaerobic digestion gas and landfill gas fuelledCHP plants and highlighting plants with thebest operation

• Enable benchmarking and thus identify theimprovement potential of the existing Europe-an CHP plants

In the scope of the project a Best Practice Gui-de for biomass CHP will be available.

The progress and findings will regularly be

European Biomass CHP in practice

published in an elec-tronic newsletter.

The project is co-ordinated by dk-TEK-NIK of Denmark.Partners in the projectare BTG of the Nether-lands, E.V.A. of Aus-tria, Institute for Energyand Environment ofGermany, SVEBIO ofSweden and VTT ofFinland.

For more informa-tion about the projector admission to thenewsletter mailing listplease check web siteat: http://bio-chp.dk-teknik.dk - or contactthe project coordina-tor: Ms. Nina JensenE-mail:[email protected]

Breakthrough for smallscale biomass gasifier

Tax exemtion forbiofuels

100 % tax exemptionfor liquid biofuels: In

June 2002 theGerman Parliament

has decided to exemptall technical sorts of

biofuels from themineral oil tax. By this

modification of theGerman Mineral OilTax Law the existing

tax exemption ofvegetable oils (for

example: Biodiesel)will be extended on allBiofuels. That meansthat in the future allbiofuels like biogas,

bioethanol, biometha-nol, hydrogen produ-ced from biomass andsynthetic biofuels willbe exempted from the

mineral oil tax.By the tax exemtion ofbiofuels the Germanpolicy has implementedafter the establishmentof the the so-called Re-newable Energy Res-sources Act for the ele-cricity market a secondvery important and ef-ficient measure for themarket development ofbiofuels. Both measuresare very suitable for theenlargement of the bio-energy market in Ger-many. The importanceand the market sharesof biofuels will increaserapidly now and in thefuture. The tax exemp-tion of biofuels in con-nection with the biofu-els guidelines let expecta rapidly growth of the bio-fuel production and anincreasing usage ofbiofuels in the trafficsector. The agriculturalsector and all marketpartners of the wholechain of value creationin biofuels will gain bythis market develop-ment. The positive mar-ket development of Bio-diesel in the last deca-de in Germany is thebest example for the

At the technicalUniversity ofD e n m a r k

(DTU) a small gasi-fier is built and haveshown remarkableresults. The gasifierhas now run for 1300hours.

– After so manyyears of research weare very satisfied thatthe technology now isworking stable, saysUlrik Henriksen, DTU.

This gasifier tech-nology combinedwith a gas engine isinteresting because ofthe possibility to pro-

duce small scale heatand power with goodresult and efficiency.

The efficency for asmall unit is around25 percent. The con-sultancy companyCowi has performedeconomical, technicaland market analysis.

– In larger commer-cial plant the electricefficiency will be aro-und 33 percent andthe economy of thistechnology can begood in many mar-kets, says Jens Bent-zen, Cowi. The DTUgasifier is a ”two-sta-

ge” gasifier. This pro-cess produces a gaswith an extremly lowtar content. The situ-ation for bioenergy inDenmark for the mo-ment is bad, there isnot any official sup-port.

– It is nice to see theinterest for the tech-nology from abroad,says Ulrik Henriksenwho has great believein this new technolo-gy.

Contact: Ulrik Henrik-sen at [email protected],or Jens Dall Bentzen [email protected]

UK furniture maker


for

www.bioenergyinternational.comHeat and power

A cogenerationpower stationhas been con-

structed recently, inPsyttalia island, Attikiclose to Athens, and itruns on biogas produ-ced at the Psyttalia Se-wage Treatment Plant.The area is stressedwith a lot of industri-al and constructionactivities; hence theoperation of the pro-ject is a step towardslowering the overallenvironmental bur-den. The net output is7.3 MWe and consistsof three WAUKESHAgas engines of 2,458

KWe each, three gene-rators 3300 V and a10 MVA transformer.

The cogenerationstation is among thelargest ones of its kindfor Greece.

Total investment ofthe plant is 12,883,878Euro and public fun-dings accounts for6,441,939 Euro.

The project hasbeen carried out in theframework of theHellenic OperationalProgramme for Ener-gy (Community Sup-port Framework II forGreece 1994-1999).

The principal objec-tives of this projectaimed to produceelectricity through co-generation with theexploitation of thebiogas produced atthe Psyttalia SewageTreatment Plant, tocover the back-upneeds of the plant incase of a power failu-re (black-out) and toreduce the volume ofthe produced sewageat the plant. The ex-ploitation of the bio-gas (60,000 Nm3/day)provides 64 GWh ofelectric energy annu-ally.

Combined Heat and power

Biogas, Athen in Greece

offered chance for thewhole biofuel sector inthe next years.

Czech RepublicBioenergy activities

The Czech Republichas to adapt its en-

ergy structure and indu-stries to European Com-munity standards andrenewables are verypromising. The currentbiomass use amounts to24 PJ/year or 1,3% ofthe total consumption ofprimary energy sour-ces. A target of 96,5PJ/year in 2010 hasbeen defined in a Na-tional Programme. Atpresent bioenergy takesthe form of about 40000 domestic boilers,100 municipal boilers,450 boilers in industri-es and 35 biogasplants.

UkraineBioenergy possibilities

The national obligations to reduce the

use of fossil fuels cannotbe fulfilled without bio-mass tretment for largescale energy produc-tion. According to thespecialists reports thereis a considerable ener-gy potential of biomassin Ukraine but nowa-days it is not practical-ly used. Millions of to-nes of straw and woodwastes are burnt on thefields and at the placeof clearings, so current-ly one of the main tasksactivity of the UkrainianBioenergy Association(UBA)is the activesearch of the nationalexperts who can help tosolve the above mentio-ned problem.

New plants inGermany

Alstom has beenawarded three

contracts in Germa-ny, worth a total of

A Swedish Russian Bioenergy center hasopened in Liensa south of St Petersburg. In April a two days confence

and study tour started in Pusskin and endedin Liensa including a visit in the center whichis located in a forestry school.

The northwest region of Russia, Leningrad,Karelia and Archangelsk has large possibilitiesto further development of bioenergy . Thereare large resources of forests and peat that canbe used but from the other hand some majorbarriers prevent development.

The generel knowledge is not deep, there isnot an active market and there is also, in manyplaces, unclear division of responsibility bet-ween forest owners, managers, forest compa-nies and the national and regional authority.The competition with fossil fuels is hard andthe shape of the well spread district heatingsystems is bad. Therefore, there is a need forinvestment capital and know how.

Generally speaking there is now doubt thatthe potential is huge and Russia will developthe bioenergy technolgy both for internal useand export.

As it was mentionend in the conference thereis of vital importance that Russia ratisfies theKyoto agreement. This will be an effective in-strument to promote the development and tostimulate foreign investments./LLj

Russian Biomass forenergy

Russian Biomass forenergyRussian Biomass forenergy



WOOD PELLETS IN BAGS

Fisker Pakkemaskiner A/SIndustrivej 41 F • Stilling • DK 8660 SkanderborgTel: +45 87 93 82 22 • Fax: +45 87 93 82 20email: [email protected]

Fisker Pakkemaskiner A/Sis supplying packaging mach-inery as well as complete pack-aging lines.

Wood pellets in bags ensurea simple logistic. The palletscan be stored outside and theproduct can be handled in aneasy way.

The machines are based onthe well known FFS concept,where the bags are FormedFilled and Sealed at the sametime in the machine. Thepackaging material is PE flatfilm on reels.

PE on reel is the most eco-nomic solution to pack pelletsin bags.

We have a lot of experiencewith wood pellets in bags, andare the market leader in Scan-dinavia.

FULLY AUTOMATED PACKAGING

22-23 September 2003 | Marriott Grosvenor, London

The premier networking event on financingand developing renewable energyprojects from concept to completion

finance forum5th Annual

To request a brochure email: [email protected] visit our website at www.euromoneyenergy.com

renewable energy

BMH Wood Technology Oy BMH Wood Technology AbKaivopuistontie 31 Kaptensgatan 23P.O.Box 32 P.O.Box 12FIN-26101 Rauma SE-745 21 EnköpingPhone +358 2 83151 Phone +46 171 24370Fax +358 2 8221327 Fax +46 171 24371www.bmh.fi

Your Source for Total

Fuel and Ash Handling Systems

approximately £120mio to supply newwaste wood-fire-plants.Each plant will have theoutput of 20 MWe.Waste wood will beused as a fuel in the lou-verd grate boiler. Theplant that were previ-ously constracted byALSTOM in Germany -Zolling in Bavaria andLandesbergen in LowerSaxony - represents thebase for designing thecurrent projects.

United StatesBudget proposal for

2004 offers verylittle for renewables

The US budget proposed for 2004

offers little for energyefficiency and renewa-bles. Programmes facevery small increase inrenewables sectors -mostly stagnation oreven further cuts.The proposed increaseof US$1.3 mio for re-search funding for theEnergy depart-ment’senergy efficiency andrenewable energy ac-tivities is an increase ofjust 0.1%. It wouldbring the total to$1.32 bilion for the2004 spending year,which begins on 1 Oc-tober 2003.

Rural renewablesin China

The loan of US$33.1million has

been approved by theAsian DevelopmentBank concernig theChina’s project that in-tegrates biomass-ba-sed renewable energygeneration technologyinto the existing agri-cultural productionsystem. The main pro-ject goal is to improvethe environment andpromote economicgrowth and poverty re-duction in rural areas.


www.bioenergyinternational.comDebate & MarketAllan Bruks ”Harvesting slash with mobilechipping system is better than boundling”

T wo majormethods forharve s t ing

forestry residues arenow competing in themarket - Allan Bruks- one of the inventorsof the mobile harve-sting method is pre-senting us his opinionWhat is yours?

” Will wood slashbundling have achance?

Cost comparison:Fuel production per

machine hour, in MWhours (MWh):

* Chipping:Bruks 804 CT chip-

ping equipment c/whigh-dumping chipbin, mounted on for-warder, total invest-ment: about EUR

482,000, producesapprox. 54 MWhworth of fuel fromlogging residue hau-led up to the roadside.

What you get: Cutfuel chips of high qua-lity dumped into ro-adside containers.

* Bundling:Forwarder carrying

bundling equipment,total investment:about EUR 437,000,produces approx. 17MWh worth of ener-gy bundles from log-ging residue.

What you get: Fuel inthe form of bundleswhich are to be transpor-ted for processing thatmust be done in a crusher.

The slash bundlingmethod has the follo-wing additional dis-advantages:

- The capacity of 17bundles per machinehour has been calcula-ted based on greenmaterial, while chip-ping usually is doneby using dry, needle-cast material.

- Decayed pulpwood or thickerwood cannot bebundled.

- The bundles mustbe processed in a crus-her, resulting in 10 %lower fuel value com-pared with chips ob-tained from a chipper.

Finland’s VapoGroup is to expand its pellet

production considera-bly. With investmentsin four sites the pro-duction will increasefrom 80 000 tons to210 000 tons per year.

The four sites areIlomantsi in EasternFinland, Haukinevain Western Finlandvalbo in the easternpart of Sweden and inTootsi in CentralEstonia.

Juhani Hakkarai-nen, Director, EnergyBusiness of Vapo OyEnergia, which is re-sponsible for produc-tion of Vapo’s bio-fu-els, says that the in-vestments have been

prompted by the ra-pidly growing dem-and for pellets in Eu-rope.

In addition to incre-asing capacity the in-vestments will enableproduction of peatand mixed pellets toget under way.

IlomantsiAdditions to the pelletplant in Ilomantsi willinclude a third pelletpress and a dryerwhich will permit theuse of moist sawdustas a raw material. Theinvestment is part of alarger scheme cove-ring the constructionof a 20 MW bio po-wer plant next to thepellet plant.

The aim is to carryout the investments inthe course of the nexttwo years, boostingthe plant’s capacityfrom the current 50000 tonnes to 70 000tonnes a year. In addi-tion pellets produc-tion will also be star-ted in Ilomantsi fromreed canary grass, amaterial cultivated incutaway areas rele-ased from peat pro-duction.

HaukinevaAt Haukineva Vapo isbuilding a new pelletplant, which will beequipped with threepellet presses. Thecapacity of this plant,will be also 70 000

tonnes a year, but theraw material used forthe pellets will bepeat.

ValboIn Sweden Vapo hasdecided to increasethe capacity of itsMebio pellet plant inValbo. Acquisition ofnew presses is in pro-gress, which will re-sult in an increase inthe plant’s capacity to50 000 tonnes.

TootsiIn Estonia a pellet

Finnish company Vapo expandsin pellets production

plant for 20 000 ton-nes is under construc-tion in Tootsi alongsi-de the peat briquetteplant belonging toVapo’s subsidiary ASTootsi Turvas. In ad-dition the project alsoinvolves the Swedishcompany Söderenergi.

OtherIn addition to its ownpellet plants Vapo OyBiotech has sevencontract manufactu-rers of pellets in Fin-land.

- Only major boilerplants can handlecrushed material.

- Problems withstrapping material leftin the crushed fuel.

- Bundles are dryingless well than piled-uplogging slash.

The high cost ofbundling per MWhfuel makes it impos-sible to give a decentpayment to the forestowner. This createsproblems when it co-mes to aquiringenough amounts offuel. Bundling is notsuitable to deliver asfuel to middlesize orsmall boilers. Thismakes is difficult towiden the Bioenergybusiness.”

Bruks BioTech ABAllan Bruks

BMH Enviro andTyrannosaurus

New field for busi-ness for BMH Wood

Technology OY.

Investing in environmental technology is

a new field for thecompany and all therelevant functionshave been centralisedunder the business unitnamed BMH Enviro. – Now BMH takes upthe challenge of meet-ing the specific needsof waste treatment andrecycling, says MrKari Haapanen, Salesand Marketing Direc-tor of BMH Tyrannosaurus(r)waste reducers areone-rotor shredders ofshearing type, equip-ped with a feedingram. They are desig-ned for continous hea-vy-duty operation onan industrial scale. In spite of high ca-pacities, the powerconsumption is lessthan on conventionalmodels. The mashinery arecapable of convertingmost materials:* MSW * householdwaste * textiles andwaste paper * plasticfilms, hard plastics *tyres * bales, paperrolls * railway slee-pers, pallets * demoli-tion wood and otherwood waste * electri-cal and electronicswaste * bigbags * ar-chives * pipes, furnitu-re, wreck parts * andsimilar compustiblewastes Separate primaryand secondary crushi-ng are no longerneeded !


www.bioenergyinternational.com EmissionsInnovative solutions to

Combustionin districth e a t i n g

plants andvarious industryp r o c e s s e sgenerates largeamounts of dustcontent in the fluegases. In the quiettown of Enkö-ping in Sweden acompany hasbeen workingwith air pollutionsince 1920´s andlearned how tohelp the industrymeet the legalrequirements. The company isAlstom’s unit forair pollutioncontrol Smart-Line Solutions,serving small tomedium sizedplants. Here, wemeet withproduct managerSten Thunander,who explains howcompanies get ridof the head-achecalled air pollu-tion.

The moststraightforw-ard way of

cleaning flue gases isto rotate the gas insi-de a cyclone, so thatdust is separated bythe centrifugal force.

This is a robust andreliable technology.Its weakness is that itdoes not have enoughseparating efficiencyto be suitable for den-sely built-up areas.For today’s emissionlevels to be met, somekind of fabric filter orelectrostatic precipita-tor is needed.

Efficient fabricfilters

– When solid fuels arecombusted, especiallywaste, we often offerfabric filters, says StenThunander.

The air trickles th-rough fabric bags orsinter cassettes, sothat dust particlesstay on one side andclean air continues

forward. There is anabundance of diffe-rent fabric types tochoose from, each su-itable for a specifickind of dust.

The latest fabric fil-ter has a cleaning ef-fect of 100 times thatof the centrifugal for-ce solution.

The downside withfabric filters is thatsparks may be emittedin the combustionplant and can causeholes in the fabric,and in the worst casefire. In any event, thefabric must be repla-ced every few yearsdue to wear-out.

ElectrostaticIf a fabric filter won’tcut it, the next step isto install an electro-static precipitator, or’ESP’.

Charging of emitt-ing electrodes produ-ces negative ions,which flow towardscollecting electrodes.

When dust particlespass through the elec-trode system, they arebombarded by the ne-gative ions. The par-ticles become negati-vely charged and aredrawn towards thepositively chargedcollecting electrodes,from where the dustcan be removed by arapping mechanism.

ESPs keep run-ning costs down

Earlier, this was mostcommonly used in lar-ger plants, but nowthere are standardisedESPs suitable forsmall and medium si-zed boilers.

This kind of filter isvirtually maintenancefree, which keeps run-ning costs down.

Sten Thunandersays :

- We have an im-mense knowledge andexperience in the pre-cipitating technology.We have had this type

of product in ourportfolio since 1939and we have kept de-veloping and impro-ving it ever since.

As Elpac is strictlystandardised, everyth-ing from design andconstruction to erec-tion is well tested.

World-widebusiness

The history of Smart-Line started alreadyback in the 1920’s, asa part of the SwedishBahco group. In 1987,competitor Fläkt boughtthe environmental partof Bahco, and the twomajor players on theSwedish market becameone. Today, Smart-Line Solutions is fullyowned by the Alstomgroup, and employspeople in all parts ofthe world. The latestoffice opened in April,in Italy, to serve theMediterranean mar-kets.

Clean flue gasesNew generation

order for cleaning2*50 MW woodpowder burning

The new generationelectrostatic preciptia-tors, Elpac II, was in-troduced in 2001. Thecleaning capacity isnow doubled, whichpaved the way for anorder from SwedishPetrokraft AB. Thefilters will be used fortwo wood powder fu-elled boilers of 50MW each for RYAheating central in Go-thenburg.

Emissions fromBark boiler clea-ned in StrömsundAnother ESP installa-tion was done inStrömsund districtheating plant in thenorth of Sweden. Di-strict manager Tor-björn Andersson ispleased with the re-sults:

– Alstom’s ESP wasinstalled after ourbark-fuelled boiler inFebruary this year. Weneeded to lower theemission levels, andwe are very contentwith the measure-ments we have con-ducted since the start-up. The ESP also lo-wers the emissions inthe flue gas condensa-tion.

New designThe developmentgoes on, and is spur-red by tight competi-tion. The next chal-lenge for is to comeup with an efficientsolution for the Was-te-to-Energy business.A standardised dryabsorption system isbeing designed.

Text:Emma Sjöström



This is a description

of a PC-based

engineering tool that

is often used to find

the best economy

and emission-

cleaning solutions

when converting a

boiler from oil to

biomass fuel.

The same tool is also

used by the

E n v i r o n m e n t a l

Protection Agencys

when they evaluate

the NOx emissions

from Swedish boilers

according to the

NOx taxation sys-

tem.

One of Fortums Energy power

plants is located atthe pulp and papermill of Nordic Paperin Säffle in the wes-tern part of Sweden.

During autumn of2001 the 40 MWboiler was partlyconverted from fuel-oil to wood powder.

The fuels that wereconsidered would allbe pure biomass, thuscomplying with thenarrow biomass defi-nition in Directive2001/80/EC.

Feasibility studyThe boiler in Säfflewas originally builtfor heavy fuel-oil fi-ring, and was over-hauled in the 1970sfor the installation ofa medium-sized ovenfor burning wet bio-mass. The remaininguse of heavyfuel oilhad in the late 1990to be stopped by en-vironmental and eco-nomical reasons andfeasibility studies forthe conversion and

the acceptance testswere performed byMM Enviloop ABwhith the help oftheir PC based analy-sis programme Flue-Gas.

The study startedout with consideringtwo alternative solu-tions:

1. a new, largeroven for wet biomassor

2. wood powdermilled from woodpellets or wood bri-quettes.

Technically, theboiler was limited influe gas flow (maxi-mum of 110,000 m3/h), and in order to getlow emissions and agood economy, it wascrucial to minimizethe oil consumptionand maximize thebiomass utilization

The analysis show-ed that use of woodpowder minimizedoil consumption tothe lowest possiblequantity; other Flue-Gas calculations sho-wed that wood pow-der also would gene-

rate the lowestamount of emissions.

From an economicperspective, the bestalternative was woodpowder from woodbriquettes.

The conversionThe conversion wascarried out by theSwedish companyVTS AB, which re-placed one of the oldoil burners with a 25MW wood powderburner of their ownconstruction.

Due to the fact thatwood powder in-creases flue dust, anew electrostatic pre-cipitator (ESP) wasalso included.

ResultThe screenshotshown is a typicalpresentation of fossiland biomass CO2

emissions, while Ta-ble 3 displays the re-sults of CO2 reduc-tions achieved afterthe conversion.

After a year and ahalf in operationwith the new fuelmix, the results havebeen positive, alt-hough a number ofproblems with themilling of wood bri-quettes had to be sol-ved.

The annual oil con-sumption has drop-pedy to 8 500 m3 (ne-arly 80%). As a re-sult of reduced oil

consumption, loweremissions of sulphurdioxide and a steepdrop in fossil CO2

emissions - from34,150 tonnes/yearto 6250 tonnes/year(and 80% reduction)have been achieved.Due to the new ESP,the dust emissionsdropped by morethen 95%. Speakingabout all those positi-ve effects it should beadded that the boilerhas been able tomaintain its maxi-mum output and, sofar, no sign of abrasi-on or high-tempera-ture corrosion hasbeen discovered inthe boiler.

- Lower cost andemissions usingPC-tool

CalculatingDevelopment of

FlueGas

In the beginningand mid 90’s newenvironmental le-

gislation also affectedthe large and mediumsized sawmills in Swe-den.

This led to twothings.

a) The boilers onthe sawmills, as a ge-neral, had poor effi-ciency. When the fuelhad a commercial va-lue, high boiler effi-ciency would givemore biomass forsale.

b) The environmen-tal legislation, NOx-fee and more focus onflue dust, gave a needon how to trim theboilers, installing newfilters, installing newmonitoring equip-ment, training theoperators and more.

In 1999 the firstcommercial version ofFlueGas was released.

It got a flying start,much driven by anumber of new plantsbeing built in Swedenbut also due to thefact that the Swedishenvironmental agency(EPA) started to checkthe plants own calcu-lation of their emis-sions. The EPA usedFlueGas in their workand naturally theplant owners wantedthe same tool.

FlueGas has nowmore then 100 licen-ced users in Scandina-via and by Septemberthis year the new ver-sion 2 will be release.In this major update,three new languagesare added, Polish, Fin-nish and Dutch. Inthis version of Flue-Gas, the EC-directiveregarding incinerationof waste has been ful-ly implemented.

From oil to biomass:



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International Bio-Fuel Suppliers

Varvsallen 23, S-871 25 HärnösandTel: +46-611 - 244 26 Fax :+46-611 -191 22

www.bionorr.com

Wood Pellets

One of Swedens majorproducers of

Contact us!

We supply customers by deliveryon road, sea or railway.

There is a bigneed of thepurification

systems for waste-waterall over the world.

More strict regula-tions to avoid pollu-tion of soil, rivers andair have already put astronger pressure onurban societies to im-

Cleaner waste-water

Fuel from

Willow plantations can be used to treat

wastewater, in combination to bioenergy

production. Read more about the results from

an EU-FAIR project on the subject. Wood

chips from short rotation willow plantations are

mainly used as fuel for heat and power

production. This winter (2002/2003) 3200 hec-

tares of willow plantations have been

harvested in Sweden and the wood chips,

about 260 GWh, have been delivered to about

twenty heating plants.

Some municipalities in Sweden have, in smaller scale, already esta-blished willow/wastewater treatment systems (Svalöv, Åstorp, Bro-mölla, Enköping and Hedemora).

Harvest of willow woodchips from the FAIR-project

trial at Roma on Gotlandisle, Sweden.

Four countriesA 4-year multi-dis-ciplinary EU field pro-ject (FAIR5-CT97 -3947) has just beenfinalized and there is afinal report availablenow.

Fields trials havebeen established infour European coun-

prove their treatmenttechniques. Today,most new construc-tions of wastewatertreatment plants arebuilt according to con-ventional technology,often to high costs.

There are, however,reasons to look formore environmentally

friendly techniquestoo.

Biological purifica-tion techniques usingvegetation filters havebeen shown to workvery efficiently, inmany cases better thatconventional treat-ment systems, but alsoat fairly low costs.

tries, from south tonorth. The fields havebeen located in the vi-cinity of municipalwastewater treat-ment plants.

In Sweden the expe-rimental field hasbeen located at Ro-makloster on isle Got-land, in France at Or-

United StatesUS ”Biomass

Vision” document

The document ” AVision for Bioener-

gy and Bio-basedproducts in the UnitedStates” has just ap-peared containingsets of different goalsfor biomass use in theUS. The ”Vision” pap-per is a result of thecooperative work ofUS Biomass Researchand DevelopmentTechnical AdvisoryCommittee - a bodyestablished in 2000by representativesfrom industry, agricul-ture and forestry, aswell as non-profit or-ganizations and aca-demia. The main long-termgoals for 2030 are asfollowed: Biomass consump-tion for power of elec-tricity and heat dem-and in utilities and in-dustry should increa-se of 5% * consumption ofb i omas s - d e r i v edtransportation fuelsshould increase fromcurrent 0.5% to 20%of US transportationfuel * the production ofchemicals and materi-als from bio-basedproducts should in-crease from current5% of target US che-mical commodities to25% More informationconcerning the ”Vi-sion” document canbe found at http://www.bioproducts-bioenergy.gov

GermanyNew 5.5 MWbiogas project

An agreement between Maxim Po-

wer Corporation and


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EngineeringMedia

chies, in Northern Ire-land at London-derryand in Greece at La-rissa.

Each trial coveredabout 5 hectare andwas planted with onevariety of willow (SWJorr), and studied forbiomass productivityand real-location ofnutrient componentsunder four irrigationtreatments regimes ofwastewater.

ResultsThe results from thisproject clearly indi-cated that biomassproduction in youngwillow plantationscould be enhancedsubstantially after re-cycling of wastewaterresources.

The impact on soil

and ground-water ofnutrients (N and P)and heavy metals (Cu,Zn, Pb and Cd) waslimited, even whenthe application of wa-ter and nutrients ex-ceeded the plant re-quirements.

Also, the soil-plantsystem seemed tofunction as a naturaltreatment filter forpre-treated wastewa-ter, with treatment ra-tes fully comparableto a tertiary effluentquality with regard tobio-degradable orga-nic material and eu-trophying nutrients(N and P).

CostsIntroductory analysesof the costs of a was-tewater irrigated wil-

low plantation forbio-fuel productionindicate that the bene-fits of the waste-watertreatment appear tobe greater than thebenefits from the in-creased production ofwood chips.

The risks of con-tamination via faecalmicroorganisms ofanimals and humansseem possible to re-duce or eliminate.

EncouragingExperiences from afew full-scale facilitiesin Sweden are well inaccordance with thefindings outlined inthis project.

The fact thatwastewater could betreated at reasonablecosts might en-courage the municipalsector as well as theenergy and agricul-tural industry in Eu-

and more biomass fuel

farmers

Bruks BioTech ABBox 46, 820 10 ArbråPhone + 46 278 642 530www.bruksbiotech.com

Bruks 804CTP r o f e s s i o n a lmobile chipperfor economicalproduction ofenergy chips.

The FAIR-project group visiting Culmorwastewater treatment station in Northern Ireland,where one of the trials was located

rope to further ex-pand the concept withincreased willowplantation areas as aconsequence.

By Stig Larsson,Agrobränsle AB,

Sweden

Reference: Short rota-tion willow BiomassPlantations irrigatedand fretilised withWastewater (FAIR5-CT97-3947).

GBU of Bensheim,Germany, has beenreached. Total project costs tobuilt 5.5 MW biogas-fuelled power innorthern Germany,are estimated at£12.5 mio, and theplant will process inexcess of 100,000tonnes per year ofagricultural wastes. The power plantwill be situated in oneof the Ger-man’smain agricultural re-gions. The energy produc-tion process will be ba-sed on a large-scaleanaerobic digester todeal with biomass andagricultural waste.

WärtsiläBiopower

New orders

Sweden, Russiaand the Baltic

States has orderedseven new biofuelledenergy plants.Wärtsilä using its pa-tented ”BioGrate”combustion technolo-gy - particularly suita-ble for wet wood,woodchips, bark andsawdust - will provideheat output of 56MW. Three ordersare in Estonia, two inSweden, one in Lit-huania and one inRussia. (Estonia orde-red two systems forsawmills and one fora district heating app-lication)

ThailandAlstom Power in

Thailand

Two large-scale(40 MW ) bioen-

ergy plants in Thai-land will be suppliedby AlstomPower. Theplants are developedfor the Mitr Phol Su-gar Corporation and


www.bioenergyinternational.com Bioenergy World

The appeal ofT u l i k i v iC o r p o r a -

tion’s new fireplacerange, Rigata, lies es-pecially in the lightcoloring of the stonesurfaces and the cle-an, geometric appea-rance of the fireplaces.

The new Rigatarange consists of theMelica Rigata, ZinniaRigata and TU 2203/10 fireplace models.

Tulikivi Corpora-

tion and its subsidia-ries form the TulikiviGroup, which is theworld’s largest so-apstone processingcompany as well asthe largest manufac-turer of industriallyproduced heat-retain-ing fireplaces in theworld.

The Group has sixproduction facilities,and its personnel con-sists of approximately600 employees.

Tulikivi introduces new nicedesigned fireplace

Leading companies in pelleting

technology will exhi-bit at Victam Interna-tional 2004 11th -13th May 2004 in Ut-recht, the Nether-lands. Victam is theworld’s largest in ani-mal feed and grainprocessing.

Please visit ourwebsite -www.victam.com or contact us [email protected] orA n d r e w . w e s t [email protected]

Victam In-ternational

2004Pellets Show

The success oflast year’sc o n f e r e n c e

fair ”HolzEnergie2002” proved thatthis is a promisingmarket that continuesto grow, stated Domi-nik Kemmerer, salesmanager of the eventin Augsburg.

The third internatio-nal fair and conferen-ce ”HolzEnergie2003” from 18-21September 2003 willbe providing an over-view of the products,services, and marke-ting concepts for pro-ducing and heatingwith wood as an ener-gy carrier from tile

”Wood industry boomcontinues”

Holz Energie 200318 - 21 September 2003

both will be fired bybagasse, rice husksand other wood was-te. Based on a similardesign to a plant inQueensland, Austra-lia, the facilitiesshould start to opera-te early 2004.

SloveniaNew Pelletsplant

IStrabenz, slovenianholding company

joined together withBREST, a furniture com-pany, to inforce the useof wood bio-mass. One of the mostimportant goals is theproduction of pellets.They intend to beginwith pellets produc-tion in GLIN Nazarje,at the end of the yearwith capacity of20.000t.

PelletExpo Poland

International fair ofDevices and Tech-

nologies for the WoodPellets Industry “PEL-LETS- EXPO” tookplace between 25-27of June in Byd-goszcz,Poland, in acompletely new builtexhibition hall. Se-venteen internationalcompanies particpa-ted. – Bioenergy Inter-national magazinewas also distributedon the fair, saysMalgorzata Lepperone of the organizers.The exhibition attrac-ted around 3000visitors. Also a confe-rence concerning Po-lish pellet market washeld. “PELLET-EXPO”will be organizedevery year. For moreinfo check: www.ctpik.com.pl/pellets

A mix of government representat i -

ves, NGOs, Commu-nities, Academia andIndustry experts wereattending this firstcongress of ISEO, theInternational Sustai-nable Energy Organi-sation in Geneva on17 and 18 June 2003. The main long-termgoals of ISEO are thebalancing of the cli-mate by greenhousegas mitigation, redu-cing environmental

risks and eliminatingpollution threats tohealth and biosphere. Immediate goals arean information ex-change platform andcoordination of acti-vities. More infowww. uniseo.org/

The photo is from theopening session of theCongress, showingfrom left to right: PaulLanso (WMO), BrankoBosnjakovic (Vice-President ISEO),Johann Widmer(President ISEO),Gustav Grob (Executi-ve Secretray ISEO).

Alpenergywood is going on. ITEBE involved the partners from thealps countries France, Italy, Germany, Austria, Slovenia and Switzerland to join the INTERREG III B program, to develop the

resort to a wood, as natural local resource of energy. Alpenergywood pro-gramme aims at helping wood energy professionals at different levels oftheir activity and in several industrial sub-channels. The global aim of this project is to develop the resort to a naturallocal resource that is wood, renewable energy source, and this in aculturally, geomorphologically and economically homogenous Europeanarea, but divided in 5 countries. /MaSu

Alpenergywood meeting in Lons leSounier, 25. - 27. 6. 2003

First Congress of ISEO

stoves and fireplacesto energy supply frompower plants andcontracting.

180 exhibitors fromGermany, Austria,Switzerland, Scandi-navia, and other Eu-ropean countries par-ticipate.

A conference willalso be taking placeunder the aegis of theFederal AssociationBioEnergie, Germany(BBE).

The target groupsfor the fair are bothspecialists and consu-mers.

Some 8,000 visitorsare expected on the 4days of the fair.

DECLARATION of Athens 2003

Members of the National Parliaments ofthe New Member States, of the

Candidate Countries, of the EU Member Statesand of the European Parliament, adopted thenew DECLARATION during their meeting inAthens on 20-21 June 2003.

DECLARATION states their readiness toundertake all necessary actions to promote,progress and develop the energy sector base onRenewable Energy Sources (RES) in all sectorsof economic and social activities.. Read full textin www.bioenergyinternational.com/MaSu



July25 - 28Biomasse Energie 2003Libramont, Belgiumwww.itebe-expo.com

Sept2 - 5Bioenergy 2003Jyväskylä, Finlandwww.finbioenergy.fi

9 - 11District HeatingTrade Fair, Stockholms-mässan, Sweden www.fjarrvarmemassan.se

18 - 21HolzEnergie 2003Augsburg, Germanywww.energie-server.de

22 - 235th Renewable EnergyFinance ForumMarriott GrosvenorHotel, London, UKwww.euromoneyenergy.com

[email protected]

13 - 17Renewable Realities2003Stromness, Orkney Is-landswww.renewablerealities.com

21 - 23Sustainable EnergyExpo 2003London, UKw w w. s u s t a i n a b l e -expo.org

28 - 313rd InternationalConference for Renewa-ble Energy; Energy Sa-ving and EducationHavana, Cubawww.ispjae.cu/eventos/cier

November,18 - 19Sustainable Energy AsiaSingapore,

ALSTOM PowerSMART-LINE Solutions+46 171 224 00, Fax +46 171 332 [email protected]

• Completely standardised, secures qualityand low cost

• Parametric design and full range of sizesfor unbeatable flexibility

• Control unit SIR with integratedtransformer/rectifier for optimal functionand reduced energy consumption

• Convenient delivery and fast on-siteerection with pre-fabricated standard panels

ELPAC - our latest ESP for a betterenvironment and economy in bio-energy plants

4th INTERNATIONAL SLOBIOM CONFERENCEBiomass and other RES for South-East European Region Hall of the NationalCouncil of the Repub.l of Slovenia 29th and 30th Sept. Ljubljana, Slovenia. Themain topics of the conference will be the economics instruments for biomassand other RES implementation in south - east Europe. www.slobiom-zveza.si

www.sustainableenergyasia.com

20 - 23 Bois EnergieCahors, Francewww.itebe-expo.com

2004February,16 - 20Envitec 2004Düsseldorf, Germanyw w w . m e s s e -duesseldorf.de

17 - 20February, SMA 20046th Environment Exh.Zaragoza, Spainwww.feriazaragoza.com

March,31 - 2 AprilGlobe 2004Vancouver, Canadawww.globe2004.com

May,11- 13

Bioenergy 2003 -Novelty at Jyväskylä

Wood and ForestExhibition

Wood and Forest2003, the

most important woodworking industry exhibition in the Nordiccountries will be ar-ranged at the Con-gress and ExhibitionCentre Jyväskylä Pa-viljonki In Finland inSeptember 4 - 6. The exhibition hasnow expanded andincludes, besides thewood and forestsector, also bioenergy.This year’s novelty isthe special exhibitionBioenergy 2003 andthe international Bio-energy Conference,which starts on the3rd of September, aday be-fore the actualexhi-bition. Besides Finland,there will be exhi-bitors from Sweden,Great Britain, Ca-nada, Portugal, Rus-sia and China. The internat-ionalityof the forest industry isnaturally displayed inits full scope also atthe stands of theFinnish agents”, rela-tes Petteri Räsänen, aproject manager fromthe Jyväskylä Fair Ltd.

Bioenergy exhibitionThe new separateexhibition for bio-energy has attractedparticipants in an ex-cellent way and willbring even more va-riety to the alreadyversatile event. We have anextensive offer forsupplementary eventsalready at this stage,and there is more tocome.

23 - 27ENTSORGA - GlobalEnvironment FairKoelnmesse, Germanywww.entsorga.com

25 - 28Forlener 2003Biella,Italywww.forlener.it

29 - 30SLOBIOM 2003Ljubjana, Sloveniawww.slobiom-zveza.si

October,1 - 3Sustainable EnergyExpo 2003Los Angeles, USAwww.sustainableexpo.com

10 - 122003 Shanghai Interna-tional RenewableEnergy ExpoShanghai, Chinae - m a i l : l i u h u i 0 5 0 8

Victam International2004, Exhibition andConferenceJaarbeurs Halls, UtrechtThe Netherlandswww.victam.com

10 - 142nd World Conferenceand Technology Exhibi-tion on Biomass for En-ergy, Industry and Cli-mate ProtectionPalazzo dei Congressi,Rome, Italywww.wip-munich.dewww.etaflorence.it

June2-4World Bioenergy 2004Conference and exhibi-tion on biomass for en-ergyElmia - Svebio,Jönköping, Swedenwww.elmia.se/bioenergyw w w . s v e b i o . s e /worldbioenergy

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