SEMICONDUCTOR TECHNICAL DATA THREE–TERMINAL POSITIVE FIXED VOLTAGE REGULATORS Order this document by LM340/D Pin 1. Input 2. Ground 3. Output T SUFFIX PLASTIC PACKAGE CASE 221A Heatsink surface is connected to Pin 2. 3 1 2 Simplified Application A common ground is required between the input and the output voltages. The input voltage must remain typically 1.7 V above the output voltage even during the low point on the input ripple voltage. XX these two digits of the type number indicate voltage. *C in is required if regulator is located an appreciable distance from power supply filter. ** C O is not needed for stability; however, it does improve transient response. If needed, use a 0.1 μF ceramic disc. LM340–XX Input C in * 0.33μF C O ** Output 1 MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA This family of fixed voltage regulators are monolithic integrated circuits capable of driving loads in excess of 1.0 A. These three–terminal regulators employ internal current limiting, thermal shutdown, and safe–area compensation. Devices are available with improved specifications, including a 2% output voltage tolerance, on A–suffix 5.0, 12 and 15 V device types. Although designed primarily as a fixed voltage regulator, these devices can be used with external components to obtain adjustable voltages and currents. This series of devices can be used with a series–pass transistor to boost output current capability at the nominal output voltage. • Output Current in Excess of 1.0 A • No External Components Required • Output Voltage Offered in 2% and 4% Tolerance* • Internal Thermal Overload Protection • Internal Short Circuit Current Limiting • Output Transistor Safe–Area Compensation ORDERING INFORMATION Device Output Voltage and Tolerance Operating Temperature Range Package LM340T–5.0 5.0 V ± 4% T 0 12 C Pl i P LM340AT–5.0 5.0 V ± 2% T 0 12 C Pl i P LM340T–6.0 6.0 V ± 4% T 0 12 C Pl i P LM340T–8.0 8.0 V ± 4% T 0 12 C Pl i P LM340T–12 12 V ± 4% T J =0° to +125°C Plastic Power LM340AT–12 12 V ± 2% T J = 0° to +125°C Plastic Power LM340T–15 15 V ± 4% LM340AT–15 15 V ± 2% LM340T–18 18 V ± 4% LM340T–24 24 V ± 4% * 2% regulators are available in 5, 12 and 15 V devices. Motorola, Inc. 1996 Rev 1
21
Embed
LM340, A Series MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA 3 LM340–5.0 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (Vin = 10 V, IO = 500 mA, TJ = Tlow to Thigh [Note 1], unless otherwise noted.) Characteristics
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SEMICONDUCTORTECHNICAL DATA
THREE–TERMINALPOSITIVE FIXED
VOLTAGE REGULATORS
Order this document by LM340/D
Pin 1. Input2. Ground3. Output
T SUFFIXPLASTIC PACKAGE
CASE 221A
Heatsink surface is connected to Pin 2.
3
12
Simplified Application
A common ground is required between the input andthe output voltages. The input voltage must remaintypically 1.7 V above the output voltage even duringthe low point on the input ripple voltage.
XX these two digits of the type number indicate voltage.
* Cin is required if regulator is located an appreciable distance from power supply filter.
** CO is not needed for stability; however, it doesimprove transient response. If needed, use a0.1 µF ceramic disc.
LM340–XXInput
Cin*0.33µF CO**
Output
1MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
This family of fixed voltage regulators are monolithic integrated circuitscapable of driving loads in excess of 1.0 A. These three–terminal regulatorsemploy internal current limiting, thermal shutdown, and safe–areacompensation. Devices are available with improved specifications, includinga 2% output voltage tolerance, on A–suffix 5.0, 12 and 15 V device types.
Although designed primarily as a fixed voltage regulator, these devicescan be used with external components to obtain adjustable voltages andcurrents. This series of devices can be used with a series–pass transistor toboost output current capability at the nominal output voltage.
• Output Current in Excess of 1.0 A
• No External Components Required
• Output Voltage Offered in 2% and 4% Tolerance*
• Internal Thermal Overload Protection
• Internal Short Circuit Current Limiting
• Output Transistor Safe–Area Compensation
ORDERING INFORMATION
DeviceOutput Voltageand Tolerance
OperatingTemperature Range Package
LM340T–5.0 5.0 V ± 4%
T 0 12 C Pl i P
LM340AT–5.0 5.0 V ± 2%
T 0 12 C Pl i P
LM340T–6.0 6.0 V ± 4%
T 0 12 C Pl i P
LM340T–8.0 8.0 V ± 4%
T 0 12 C Pl i PLM340T–12 12 V ± 4%
TJ = 0° to +125°C Plastic PowerLM340AT–12 12 V ± 2%
TJ = 0° to +125°C Plastic Power
LM340T–15 15 V ± 4%
LM340AT–15 15 V ± 2%
LM340T–18 18 V ± 4%
LM340T–24 24 V ± 4%
* 2% regulators are available in 5, 12 and 15 V devices.
Motorola, Inc. 1996 Rev 1
LM340, A Series
2 MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
MAXIMUM RATINGS (TA = +25°C unless otherwise noted.)
Rating Symbol Value Unit
Input Voltage (5.0 V – 18 V)Input Voltage (24 V)
Vin 3540
Vdc
Power Dissipation and Thermal CharacteristicsPlastic Package
TA = +25°CDerate above TA = +25°CThermal Resistance, Junction–to–Air
Line Regulation (Note 2)8.0 Vdc to 20 Vdc7.0 Vdc to 25 Vdc (TJ = +25°C)8.0 Vdc to 12 Vdc, IO = 1.0 A7.3 Vdc to 20 Vdc, IO = 1.0 A (TJ = +25°C)
Regline––––
––––
50502550
mV
Load Regulation (Note 2)5.0 mA ≤ IO ≤ 1.0 A5.0 mA ≤ IO ≤ 1.5 A (TJ = +25°C)250 mA ≤ IO ≤ 750 mA (TJ = +25°C)
Regload–––
–––
505025
mV
Output Voltage7.0 ≤ Vin ≤ 20 Vdc, 5.0 mA ≤ IO ≤ 1.0 A, PD ≤ 15 W
VO 4.75 – 5.25 Vdc
Quiescent CurrentIO = 1.0 ATJ = +25°C
IB––
–4.0
8.58.0
mA
Quiescent Current Change7.0 ≤ Vin ≤ 25 Vdc, IO = 500 mA5.0 mA ≤ IO ≤ 1.0 A, Vin = 10 V7.5 ≤ Vin ≤ 20 Vdc, IO = 1.0 A
∆IB–––
–––
1.00.51.0
mA
Ripple RejectionIO = 1.0 A (TJ = +25°C)
RR 62 80 – dB
Dropout Voltage VI – VO – 1.7 – Vdc
Output Resistance (f = 1.0 kHz) rO – 2.0 – mΩ
Short Circuit Current Limit (TJ = +25°C) ISC – 2.0 – A
Output Noise Voltage (TA = +25°C)10 Hz ≤ f ≤ 100 kHz
Vn – 40 – µV
Average Temperature Coefficient of Output VoltageIO = 5.0 mA
TCVO – ±0.6 – mV/°C
Peak Output Current (TJ = +25°C) IO – 2.4 – A
Input Voltage to Maintain Line Regulation (TJ = +25°C)IO = 1.0 A
7.3 – – Vdc
NOTES: 1. Tlow to Thigh = 0° to +125°C2. Load and line regulation are specified at constant junction temperature. Changes in VO due to heating effects must be taken into account separately.
Pulse testing with low duty cycle is used.
DEFINITIONS
Line Regulation – The change in output voltage for achange in the input voltage. The measurement is made under conditions of low dissipation or by using pulsetechniques such that the average chip temperature is notsignificantly affected.
Load Regulation – The change in output voltage for achange in load current at constant chip temperature.
Maximum Power Dissipation – The maximum total devicedissipation for which the regulator will operate withinspecifications.
Quiescent Current – That part of the input current that is notdelivered to the load.
Output Noise Voltage – The rms AC voltage at the output,with constant load and no input ripple, measured over aspecified frequency range.
LM340, A Series
4 MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
LM340A–5.0ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (Vin = 10 V, IO = 1.0 A, TJ = Tlow to Thigh [Note 1], unless otherwise noted.)
Characteristics Symbol Min Typ Max Unit
Output Voltage (TJ = +25°C)IO = 5.0 mA to 1.0 A
VO 4.9 5.0 5.1 Vdc
Line Regulation 7.5 Vdc to 20 Vdc, IO = 500 mA7.3 Vdc to 25 Vdc (TJ = +25°C)8.0 Vdc to 12 Vdc8.0 Vdc to 12 Vdc (TJ = +25°C)
Regline––––
–3.0––
1010124.0
mV
Load Regulation 5.0 mA ≤ IO ≤ 1.0 A5.0 mA ≤ IO ≤ 1.5 A (TJ = +25°C)250 mA ≤ IO ≤ 750 mA (TJ = +25°C)
Regload–––
–––
252515
mV
Output Voltage7.5 ≤ Vin ≤ 20 Vdc, 5.0 mA ≤ IO ≤ 1.0 A, PD ≤ 15 W
VO 4.8 – 5.2 Vdc
Quiescent CurrentTJ = +25°C
IB ––
–3.5
6.56.0
mA
Quiescent Current Change5.0 mA ≤ IO ≤ 1.0 A, Vin = 10 V8.0 ≤ Vin ≤ 25 Vdc, IO = 500 mA7.5 ≤ Vin ≤ 20 Vdc, IO = 1.0 A (TJ = +25°C)
∆IB–––
–––
0.50.80.8
mA
Ripple Rejection8.0 ≤ Vin ≤ 18 Vdc, f = 120 Hz
IO = 500 mAIO = 1.0 A (TJ = +25°C)
RR
6868
–80
––
dB
Dropout Voltage VI – VO – 1.7 – Vdc
Output Resistance (f = 1.0 kHz) rO – 2.0 – mΩ
Short Circuit Current Limit (TJ = +25°C) ISC – 2.0 – A
Output Noise Voltage (TA = +25°C)10 Hz ≤ f ≤ 100 kHz
Vn – 40 – µV
Average Temperature Coefficient of Output VoltageIO = 5.0 mA
TCVO – ±0.6 – mV/°C
Peak Output Current (TJ = +25°C) IO – 2.4 – A
Input Voltage to Maintain Line Regulation (TJ = +25°C)IO = 1.0 A
Line Regulation (Note 2)15 Vdc to 27 Vdc14.6 Vdc to 30 Vdc (TJ = +25°C)16 Vdc to 22 Vdc, IO = 1.0 A14.6 Vdc to 27 Vdc, IO = 1.0 A (TJ = +25°C)
Regline––––
––––
12012060120
mV
Load Regulation (Note 2)5.0 mA ≤ IO ≤ 1.0 A5.0 mA ≤ IO ≤ 1.5 A (TJ = +25°C)250 mA ≤ IO ≤ 750 mA (TJ = +25°C)
Regload–––
–––
12012060
mV
Output Voltage14.5 ≤ Vin ≤ 27 Vdc, 5.0 mA ≤ IO ≤ 1.0 A, PD ≤ 15 W
VO 11.4 – 12.6 Vdc
Quiescent CurrentIO = 1.0 ATJ = +25°C
IB––
–4.0
8.58.0
mA
Quiescent Current Change14.5 ≤ Vin ≤ 30 Vdc, IO = 500 mA5.0 mA ≤ IO ≤ 1.0 A, Vin = 19 V14.8 ≤ Vin ≤ 27 Vdc, IO = 1.0 A
∆IB–––
–––
1.00.51.0
mA
Ripple RejectionIO = 1.0 A (TJ = +25°C)
RR 55 72 – dB
Dropout Voltage VI – VO – 1.7 – Vdc
Output Resistance (f = 1.0 kHz) rO – 2.0 – mΩ
Short Circuit Current Limit (TJ = +25°C) ISC – 1.1 – A
Output Noise Voltage (TA = +25°C)10 Hz ≤ f ≤ 100 kHz
Vn – 75 – µV
Average Temperature Coefficient of Output VoltageIO = 5.0 mA
TCVO – ±1.5 – mV/°C
Peak Output Current (TJ = +25°C) IO – 2.4 – A
Input Voltage to Maintain Line Regulation (TJ = +25°C)IO = 1.0 A
14.6 – – Vdc
NOTES: 1. Tlow to Thigh = 0° to +125°C2. Load and line regulation are specified at constant junction temperature. Changes in VO due to heating effects must be taken into account separately.
Line Regulation (Note 2)18.5 Vdc to 30 Vdc17.5 Vdc to 30 Vdc (TJ = +25°C)20 Vdc to 26 Vdc, IO = 1.0 A17.7 Vdc to 30 Vdc, IO = 1.0 A (TJ = +25°C)
Regline––––
––––
15015075150
mV
Load Regulation (Note 2)5.0 mA ≤ IO ≤ 1.0 A5.0 mA ≤ IO ≤ 1.5 A (TJ = +25°C)250 mA ≤ IO ≤ 750 mA (TJ = +25°C)
Regload–––
–––
15015075
mV
Output Voltage17.5 ≤ Vin ≤ 30 Vdc, 5.0 mA ≤ IO ≤ 1.0 A, PD ≤ 15 W
VO 14.25 – 15.75 Vdc
Quiescent CurrentIO = 1.0 ATJ = +25°C
IB––
–4.0
8.58.0
mA
Quiescent Current Change17.5 ≤ Vin ≤ 30 Vdc, IO = 500 mA5.0 mA ≤ IO ≤ 1.0 A, Vin = 23 V17.9 ≤ Vin ≤ 30 Vdc, IO = 1.0 A
∆IB–––
–––
1.00.51.0
mA
Ripple RejectionIO = 1.0 mA (TJ = +25°C)
RR 54 70 – dB
Dropout Voltage VI – VO – 1.7 – Vdc
Output Resistance (f = 1.0 kHz) rO – 2.0 – mΩ
Short Circuit Current Limit (TJ = +25°C) ISC – 800 – A
Output Noise Voltage (TA = +25°C)10 Hz ≤ f ≤ 100 kHz
Vn – 90 – µV
Average Temperature Coefficient of Output VoltageIO = 5.0 mA
TCVO – ±1.8 – mV/°C
Peak Output Current (TJ = +25°C) IO – 2.4 – A
Input Voltage to Maintain Line Regulation (TJ = +25°C)IO = 1.0 A
17.7 – – Vdc
NOTES: 1. Tlow to Thigh = 0° to +125°C2. Load and line regulation are specified at constant junction temperature. Changes in VO due to heating effects must be taken into account separately.
Line Regulation 28 Vdc to 38 Vdc27 Vdc to 38 Vdc (TJ = +25°C)30 Vdc to 36 Vdc, IO = 1.0 A27.1 Vdc to 38 Vdc, IO = 1.0 A (TJ = +25°C)
Regline––––
––––
240240120240
mV
Load Regulation 5.0 mA ≤ IO ≤ 1.0 A5.0 mA ≤ IO ≤ 1.5 A (TJ = +25°C)250 mA ≤ IO ≤ 750 mA (TJ = +25°C)
Regload–––
–––
240240120
mV
Output Voltage27 ≤ Vin ≤ 38 Vdc, 5.0 mA ≤ IO ≤ 1.0 A, PD ≤ 15 W
VO 22.8 – 25.2 Vdc
Quiescent CurrentIO = 1.0 ATJ = +25°C
IB––
–4.0
8.58.0
mA
Quiescent Current Change27 ≤ Vin ≤ 38 Vdc, IO = 500 mA5.0 mA ≤ IO ≤ 1.0 A, Vin = 33 V27.3 ≤ Vin ≤ 38 Vdc, IO = 1.0 A
∆IB–––
–––
1.00.51.0
mA
Ripple RejectionIO = 1.0 mA (TJ = +25°C)
RR 50 66 – dB
Dropout Voltage VI – VO – 1.7 – Vdc
Output Resistance (f = 1.0 kHz) rO – 2.0 – mΩ
Short Circuit Current Limit (TJ = +25°C) ISC – 200 – A
Output Noise Voltage (TA = +25°C)10 Hz ≤ f ≤ 100 kHz
Vn – 170 – µV
Average Temperature Coefficient of Output VoltageIO = 5.0 mA
TCVO – ±3.0 – mV/°C
Peak Output Current (TJ = +25°C) IO – 2.4 – A
Input Voltage to Maintain Line Regulation (TJ = +25°C)IO = 1.0 A
27.1 – – Vdc
NOTE: 1. Tlow to Thigh = 0° to +125°C
LM340, A Series
13MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
VOLTAGE REGULATOR PERFORMANCE
The performance of a voltage regulator is specified by itsimmunity to changes in load, input voltage, power dissipation,and temperature. Line and load regulation are tested with apulse of short duration (< 100 µs) and are strictly a function ofelectrical gain. However, pulse widths of longer duration(> 1.0 ms) are sufficient to affect temperature gradientsacross the die. These temperature gradients can cause achange in the output voltage, in addition to changes causedby line and load regulation. Longer pulse widths and thermalgradients make it desirable to specify thermal regulation.
Thermal regulation is defined as the change in outputvoltage caused by a change in dissipated power for aspecified time, and is expressed as a percentage outputvoltage change per watt. The change in dissipated power can
be caused by a change in either input voltage or the loadcurrent. Thermal regulation is a function of IC layout and dieattach techniques, and usually occurs within 10 ms of achange in power dissipation. After 10 ms, additional changesin the output voltage are due to the temperature coefficient ofthe device.
Figure 1 shows the line and thermal regulation response ofa typical LM340AT–5.0 to a 10 W input pulse. The variation ofthe output voltage due to line regulation is labeled À and thethermal regulation component is labeled Á. Figure 2 showsthe load and thermal regulation response of a typicalLM340AT–5.0 to a 15 W load pulse. The output voltagevariation due to load regulation is labeled À and the thermalregulation component is labeled Á.
Figure 5. Ripple Rejection versus Frequency Figure 6. Ripple Rejection versus Output Current
Figure 7. Quiescent Current versusInput Voltage
Figure 8. Quiescent Current versusOutput Current
Figure 9. Dropout Voltage Figure 10. Peak Output Current
100
80
60
40
201.0 10 100 1.0 k 10 k 100 k 1.0 M 10 M 100 M
f, FREQUENCY (Hz)
RR
, RIP
PLE
REJ
ECTI
ON
(dB)
Iout = 50 mA
4.0
3.0
2.0
1.0
00 10 20 30 40
Vin, INPUT VOLTAGE (Vdc)
5.0
4.0
3.0
2.0
1.0
00.01 0.1 1.0 10
Iout, OUTPUT CURRENT (A)
100
80
60
40
300.01 0.1 1.0 10
Iout, OUTPUT CURRENT (A)
RR
, RIP
PLE
REJ
ECTI
ON
(dB)
TJ = 25°CVout = 5.0 VIout = 1.0 A
TJ = 25°CVin – Vout = 5.0 V
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0–75 –50 –25 0 25 50 75 100 125
TA, AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (°C)
∆Vout = 100 mV
IO = 1.0 A
IO = 500 mA
IO = 10 mA
4.0
3.0
2.0
1.0
00 10 20 30 40
Vin–Vout, INPUT–OUTPUT VOLTAGE DIFFERENTIAL (V)
TJ = 25°C
LM340, A Series
15MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
V out
, OU
TPU
T VO
LTAG
E∆
DEV
IATI
ON
(V)
I out
, OU
TPU
T
V out
, OU
TPU
T VO
LTAG
E∆
DEV
IATI
ON
(V)
V in,
INPU
T VO
LTAG
E∆
CH
ANG
E (V
)
–0.1
Figure 11. Line Transient Response Figure 12. Load Transient Response
Figure 13. Worst Case Power Dissipationversus Ambient Temperature (Case 221A)
0 10 20 30 40
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
–0.2–0.4–0.6
1.0
0.5
0
t, TIME (µs)
Vout = 5.0 VIout = 150 mACO = 0TJ = 25°C
1.0
CU
RR
ENT
(A)
0 10 20 30 40
t, TIME (µs)
Vout = 5.0 VVin = 10 VCO = 0TJ = 25°C
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
–0.2–0.3
1.5
0.5
0
20
16
12
8.0
4.0
0–50 –25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150
TA, AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (°C)
, PO
WER
DIS
SIPA
TIO
N (W
)DP
θJC = 5°C/WθJA = 65°C/WTJ(max) = 150°C
θHS = 0°C/W
θHS = 5°C/W
θHS = 15°C/W
No Heatsink
LM340, A Series
16 MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
APPLICATIONS INFORMATION
Design ConsiderationsThe LM340, A series of fixed voltage regulators are
designed with Thermal Overload Protection that shuts downthe circuit when subjected to an excessive power overloadcondition, Internal Short Circuit Protection that limits themaximum current the circuit will pass, and Output TransistorSafe–Area Compensation that reduces the output shortcircuit current as the voltage across the pass transistor isincreased.
In many low current applications, compensationcapacitors are not required. However, it is recommended thatthe regulator input be bypassed with a capacitor if the
regulator is connected to the power supply filter with long wirelengths, or if the output load capacitance is large. An inputbypass capacitor should be selected to provide goodhigh–frequency characteristics to insure stable operationunder all load conditions. A 0.33 µF or larger tantalum, mylar,or other capacitor having low internal impedance at highfrequencies should be chosen. The bypass capacitor shouldbe mounted with the shortest possible leads directly acrossthe regulators input terminals. Normally good constructiontechniques should be used to minimize ground loops andlead resistance drops since the regulator has no externalsense lead.
Figure 14. Current Regulator Figure 15. Adjustable Output Regulator
Figure 16. Current Boost Regulator Figure 17. Short Circuit Protection
5.0 VR
Input
0.33µF
LM340–5.0
R
IO
These regulators can also be used as a current source whenconnected as above. In order to minimize dissipation the LM340–5.0is chosen in this application. Resistor R determines the current asfollows:
IO = + IQ
IQ 1.5 mA over line and load changes
For example, a 1 A current source would require R to be a 5 Ω,10 W resistor and the output voltage compliance would be the inputvoltage less 7.0 V.
ConstantCurrent to
Grounded Load
Input
Output
1k 4
6
7 2
3
–
+
0.1µF
10k
MC1741G
Vout, 7.0 V to 20 VVin – VO ≥ 2.0 V
The addition of an operational amplifier allows adjustment to higher orintermediate values while retaining regulation characteristics. Theminimum voltage obtainable with this arrangement is 2.0 V greaterthan the regulator voltage.
0.33µF
R
0.1µF
Output
1.0µF
The LM340, A series can be current boosted with a PNP transistor. TheMJ2955 provides current to 5.0 A. Resistor R in conjuction with the VBEof the PNP determines when the pass transistor begins conducting; thiscircuit is not short circuit proof. Input–output differential voltageminimum is increased by VBE of the pass transistor.
MJ2955 or Equiv
LM340
LM340
Input RSC
MJ2955or Equiv.
Output
R
2N6049or Equiv.
1.0µF
The circuit of Figure 17 can be modified to provide supply protectionagainst short circuits by adding a short circuit sense resistor, RSC, andan additional PNP transistor. The current sensing PNP must be able tohandle the short circuit current of the three–terminal regulator.Therefore, 4.0 A plastic power transistor is specified.
LM340–5.0
Input
LM340, A Series
17MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
OUTLINE DIMENSIONS
T SUFFIXPLASTIC PACKAGE
CASE 221A–06ISSUE Y NOTES:
1. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSIY14.5M, 1982.
2. CONTROLLING DIMENSION: INCH.3. DIMENSION Z DEFINES A ZONE WHERE ALL
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