Neue Fahrzeugkonzepte mit dem Fokus Nachhaltigkeit: Lithium‐Ionen‐Batterien für Elektrofahrzeuge 14. Zulieferforum der Arbeitsgemeinschaft Zulieferindustrie 26. Januar 2010 ∙ Frankfurt Dr. Jörg Kümpers Johnson Controls Saft Advanced Power Solutions GmbH
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Neue Fahrzeugkonzepte mit dem Fokus Nachhaltigkeit:Lithium‐Ionen‐Batterien für Elektrofahrzeuge
14. Zulieferforum der Arbeitsgemeinschaft Zulieferindustrie
26. Januar 2010 ∙ Frankfurt
Dr. Jörg KümpersJohnson Controls Saft Advanced Power Solutions GmbH
Agendage da
Neue Fahrzeugkonzepte:
El kt f h d V H b id El kt t
Neue Fahrzeugkonzepte: Lithium-Ionen-Batterien für Elektrofahrzeuge
• Elektrofahrzeuganwendungen: Vom Hybrid zum Elektroauto
• Aktuelle Trends bei der Entwicklung von Lithium-Ionen-Batterien
JCS Advanced Power Solutions2
Johnson Controls – Global FootprintGlobal Technology Centers for Development and ManufacturingGlobal Technology Centers for Development and Manufacturing
Bordeaux, FranceNersac, France Hannover, Milwaukee, C FBordeaux, FranceLi-Ion Pilot Line
& Research
Nersac, France NiMH & Li-Ion
production
Hannover, Germany
System Integration
Milwaukee, US
Li-Ion Lab
Cergy, FranceBMS NiMH & Li-Ion
Global Capabilities• Product Planning• Benchmarking
• Aktuelle Trends bei der Entwicklung von Lithium-Ionen-Batterien
JCS Advanced Power Solutions6
There are Multiple Types of Hybrids
Micro HEV (a.k.a Stop/Start)Low voltage Shuts down engine at idle to save fuelExample: BMW 1,3 mini series – JCI is the world leader in AGM micro hybrid batteries
Mild HEVLow to medium voltageIncludes stop-start, regeneration braking and acceleration assist Example: Saturn Vue, S-class, 7-series
Full HEVHigh voltageI l d ll ild HEV f t PLUS l t i l tiIncludes all mild HEV features PLUS electric-only operating range and optionally, multiple axle electric drive Example: Ford Escape, Toyota Prius
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There are Multiple Types of Hybrids
Plug-In Hybrid (PHEV)High voltage Includes all full hybrid features PLUSelectric-only operation for ~20 milesAbility to recharge battery through 120V electrical outlet(in addition to regenerative braking)( g g)Demonstration vehicles: GM Saturn VUE, Dodge Transit, Ford Escape
Electric Vehicle (EV)( )High voltageNo internal combustion engineRecharge battery through 120V electrical outletDemonstration vehicles : Mitsubishi i-EV
Fuel CellsHigh VoltageHigh VoltageNo internal combustion engine Full gas hybrid functionalityDemonstration vehicles: Daimler, Ford, Honda, Toyota, GM
JCS Advanced Power Solutions
y
8
Fuel Economy can be enhanced by increasing electric Power
JCS Advanced Power SolutionsProtected Battery Information 23
Life Projection of Lithium Ion Batteries
Cycle Life Expectancy for Li-Ion Batteries:Arrhenius plots based on 100% increase of resistance:
Projection based upon various test results(up to 4 years observation)
100
(yea
rs)
Projection:
20 lif t 30°C10
alen
dar L
ife 20 years life at 30°C
10 years life at 40°C
2.7 years life at 60°C
1
Proj
ecte
d C
a
Storage @ 60%SOCEOL projected for 100% increase of impedanceTested on VL7P & VL20P productsActual data at 20 40 60°C Tests in progress
0.10 20 40 60 80 100
Temperature (°C)
Actual data at 20, 40 60 C - Tests in progress
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Energy Throughput is a key Parameter of Battery Technologies
45000
35000
40000
25000
30000
nove
r / N
C
Pb-floodedPb-AGM
Full HEV operation range
15000
20000
Cap
acity
Tur
Pb AGMNiMHLi-Ion
operation range
5000
10000
C
Plug-In HEV operation range Full EV
operation range
00 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
DOD %
JCS Advanced Power Solutions
DOD %
25
Li-Ion is a Enabling Technology for the next Generation of HEVs
Li-Ion Battery Technology Advantages for HEVs
Nickel Metal Hydride is today’s battery technologytoday s battery technology
Li-Ion is the target of everyLi-Ion is the target of every OEM as the obvious next step battery solution
{ 30% Smaller 50% Lighter More Powerful
WHY? { More EnergyEnhanced Cycle Life
Faster Recharge
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JCI is committed to support of R&D activities along the entire chain
•Basic research •Applied •Development •Production
C th d
•Basic research research •Development •Production
•Electrochemistry
•Cathode
•Anode
•Separator•Energy
•Cell
y•Materials Discovery
•Energy Storage
p
•Electrolyte
•Other (Inerts)
•Life
•Safety
Cost
•Mass production
•Cost•Cell
•Fuel Cells, Caps •Scale Up
Continuous feedback of market needs and technology possibilities
JCS Advanced Power SolutionsConfidential and Proprietary 27
Lithium Ion Cells for various Applications
ElectrochemistryLi Ion cellsLi-Ion cellsPositive material: NCANegative material: GraphiteElectrolyte: blend of solvent with dissolved LiPF6
ConstructionC li d i l i l d tCylindrical, spiral wound typeAluminum caseCan to cover assembly through laser weldingCan to cover assembly through laser welding2 Terminals located at the same endSafety FeaturesOverpressure release through rupture areaIntegrated current interrupt
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JCS Li-ion Cell Products – PHEV and EV
Diameter 54 mm / Energy-Power Applications EV or PHEV
VL45E VL41M VL22M VL30P
Capacity (Ah) C/3 @ 4V 45 41 22 30
• Standard mechanical parts• Standard chemistry (NCA/Graphite)• Standard assembly processes
Dia. (mm) 54 54 54 54
Length (mm) 222 222 145 222
Weight (kg) 1.07 1.07 0.65 1.1
• Flexible height to various capacities• 3 different electrodes types “E” / “M” / “P”