LITERATURE STUDY OF HOSPITAL TREATMENT AREAS The requirement for treatment areas in the past few years has increased tremendously , the treatment areas should face north and have a central access. OBSTETRICS This department apart from looking after deliveries has to keep in mind the complications during pregnancy and child birth therefore it is essential to have a treatment room right next to the delivery rooms. ROOM PLANNING Among the central delivery rooms is an observation room with large glass windows as well as waiting and admission areas with ‘contraction rooms’. With this there should be a clean workroom(12 sq.m) , a non-clean workroom(12 sq.m) , a mid-wives workstation(20 sq.m) and a staff rest room (15 sq.m) and a staff and patient WCs. INTERNAL MEDICINE TREATMENT AREAS Depending upon the size of the hospital , there can be : cardiology,angiology,pulmonilogy,endocrinology and gastroenterology. The basic facilities comprises examination rooms (25 sq.m), An administration office (15-20 sq.m) between the senior physician’s room (12 sq.m) and the chief physician’s room (20-25 sq.m) , an archive room and patient waiting areas . Staff stand – by rooms (15 sq.m.) should also be provided. RADIOLOGY It includes special areas like X-ray diagnosis , radiotherapy and nuclear medicines. The radiology department should always be close to ambulance entrance and because of the great weight of the equipments (upto 14 ft.) it is sensible to plan such areas on the ground floor. The rooms of the individual disgnostic areas must be so arranged as to minimise the distance between them . A connecting corridor which can be used simultaneously as a store , dictating room and a switchroom. The size of the room depends upon the use of the room and what the room contain : for example , sonography,mammography, and jaw X-ray and admission rooms which need to be 20-30 sq.m. WCs should be installed in the X-ray rooms for stomach and intestinal inspections. The admission room for computertomography(CT) must be 35 sq. m. The walls , ceilings and floors must be sheilded with lead sheeting. LABORATARIES ;FUNCTIONAL DIAGNOSIS The laboratory department is concerned mostly with the preparation and processing of blood , urine and faecal samples . It is often separated from the treatment and nursing areas , the connection to the other departmnets being through a special pneumatic tube dispatch system. The laboratory itself should be in a large room with built in work surfaces (standing work places) to offer a high level of flexibility. Specialist laboratories are added on a separate rooms. Subsidiary rooms include rinsing rooms , sluice rooms , disinfection rooms , cool rooms , rest rooms and WCs for staff. FUNCTIONAL DIAGNOSIS It is playing an increasingly important role in hospitals due to advances in heart and thorax research and the rising number of patients with heart , lung and circulation problems. Flexibility in the design is absolutely essential to accommodate the wide range of techniques and equipments used in such departments. A direct connection with the laboratory department is beneficial , but not essential. A data link to the the radiology, radiotherapy and surgical departments is necessary to allow combined monitoring (e.g analysis of X-ray results together with ongoing assessmnet of the vital functions). INSHA SONI