Literary genres (a library research paper)

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Literary Genres

A Library Research Paper

Presented to:

Dr. Milynor M. Acibo

Faculty of Art and Sciences

Arellano University

n partial fulfil!ent of the Re"uire!ents for the course# $n%lish &'

Sub!itted by:

De La (ru)# *eith Devie M.

+ulueta# April A

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Table of Contents

I. INTRODUCTION

A. ,ac-%round of the study,. Si%nificance of the study(. b/ectivesD. State!ent of the proble!

II. PRESENTATION OF DATAGenres of LiteratureMa/or for!s of literary and se!i0literary fictionsDefinition of %enres(haracteristics of %enresList of 1ritin% %enres

. CONCLUSIONS2. INSIGHT GAINED2. REFERENCES2. CURRICULUM VITAE

I. INTRODUCTIONA. Bac!"o#n$ of t%e st#$&

A l'te"a"& !en"eis a cate%ory of literary co!position. Genres !ay be

deter!ined by literary techni"ue# tone# content# or even 3as in the case of

fiction4 len%th. 5he distinctions bet1een %enres and cate%ories are fle6ible

and loosely defined# often 1ith sub%roups.5he !ost %eneral %enres in literature are 3in loose chronolo%ical

order4 epic# tra%edy# co!edy# and creative nonfiction. 5hey can all be in

the for! of proseor poetry. Additionally# a %enre such

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as satire# alle%oryor pastoral!i%ht appear in any of the above# not only as

a sub%enre 3see belo14# but as a !i6ture of %enres. Finally# they are

defined by the %eneral cultural !ove!entof the historical periodin 1hich

they 1ere co!posed.Genre should not be confused 1ith a%e cate%ories# by 1hich literature !ay

be classified as either adult# youn%0adult# or children7s. 5hey also !ust not

be confused 1ith for!at# such as %raphic novelor picture boo-.

B. S'!n'f'cance of t%e st#$&

5he research paper is an ori%inal essay presentin% your ideas in

response to infor!ation found in library sources. As you %ather

research !aterial# your ever0increasin% -no1led%e of a topic 1ill

allo1 you to !a-e infor!ed /ud%!ents and ori%inal interpretations.

At each sta%e of research# you 1ill have a !ore co!plete idea of

1hat you have already found and 1hat you are loo-in% for. Mid1ay

throu%h the process# the 1ritin% tas-s of creatin% a revie1 of the

literature and a proposal 1ill help you focus the direction of your

research. 5his chapter addresses both the technical s-ills of findin%

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and recordin% infor!ation and the intellectual s-ills of understandin%

the !aterial# developin% ori%inal ideas# and !a-in% infor!ed

/ud%!ents.

C. Ob(ect')es8. $6plain 1hat is literary %enres9. dentify the types and -inds of %enres. $nu!erate the !a/or for!s of %enres&. Definition of the types and ele!ents of literary %enres;. dentify the list of 1ritin% %enres

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D. State*ent of t%e +"oble*8.

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I. P"esentat'on of Data

Gen"es of L'te"at#"e

'on0Fiction

Fiction

T&+es of Non,f'ct'on

Na""at')e'onfictionis infor!ation based on fact that is presented in a for!at

1hich tells a story.

Essa&sare a short literary co!position that reflects the author>s outloo- or point.

A short literary co!position on a particular the!e or sub/ect# usually in prose and

%enerally analytic# speculative# or interpretative.

A B'o!"a+%&is a 1ritten account of another person>s life.

An A#tob'o!"a+%&%ives the history of a person>s life# 1ritten or told by that

person. ften 1ritten in 'arrative for! of their person>s life.

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S+eec%is the faculty or po1er of spea-in%? oral co!!unication? ability to

e6press one>s thou%hts and e!otions by speech# sounds# and %esture. Generally

delivered in the for! of an address or discourse.

Finally there is the %eneral %enre of Nonf'ct'on. 5his is nfor!ational te6t dealin%

1ith an actual# real0life sub/ect. 5his %enre of literature offers opinions or

con/ectures on facts and reality. 5his includes bio%raphies# history# essays#

speech# and narrative non fiction. 'onfiction opposes fiction and is distin%uished

fro! those fiction %enres of literature li-e poetry and dra!a 1hich is the ne6t

section 1e 1ill discuss.

T&+es of F'ct'on

D"a*ais the %enre of literature that>s sub/ect for co!positions is dra!atic art in

the 1ay it is represented. 5his %enre is stories co!posed in verse or prose#

usually for theatrical perfor!ance# 1here conflicts and e!otion are e6pressed

throu%h dialo%ue and action.

Poet"&is verse and rhyth!ic 1ritin% 1ith i!a%ery that evo-es an e!otional

response fro! the reader. 5he art of poetry is rhyth!ical in co!position# 1ritten

or spo-en. 5his %enre of literature is for e6citin% pleasure by beautiful#

i!a%inative# or elevated thou%hts.

Fantas&is the for!in% of !ental i!a%es 1ith stran%e or other 1orldly settin%s or

characters? fiction 1hich invites suspension of reality.

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H#*o"is the faculty of perceivin% 1hat is a!usin% or co!ical. Fiction full of fun#

fancy# and e6cite!ent 1hich !eant to entertain. 5his %enre of literature can

actually be seen and contained 1ithin all %enres.

A Fableis a story about supernatural or e6traordinary people Usually in the for!

of narration that de!onstrates a useful truth. n Fables# ani!als often spea- as

hu!ans that are le%endary and supernatural tales.

Fa'"& Talesor 1onder tales are a -ind of fol-tale or fable. So!eti!es the stories

are about fairies or other !a%ical creatures# usually for children.

Sc'ence F'ct'onis a story based on i!pact of potential science# either actual or

i!a%ined. Science fiction is one of the %enres of literature that is set in the future

or on other planets.

S%o"t Sto"&is fiction of such briefness that is not able to support any subplots.

Real'st'c F'ct'onis a story that can actually happen and is true to real life.

Follo"eare son%s# stories# !yths# and proverbs of a person of @fol- that 1as

handed do1n by 1ord of !outh. Fol-lore is a %enre of literature that is 1idely

held# but false and based on unsubstantiated beliefs.

H'sto"'cal F'ct'onis a story 1ith fictional characters and events in a historical

settin%.

Ho""o"is an over1hel!in% and painful feelin% caused by literature that is

fri%htfully shoc-in%# terrifyin%# or revoltin%. Fiction in 1hich events evo-e a feelin%

of dread in both the characters and the reader.

A Tall Taleis a hu!orous story 1ith blatant e6a%%erations# s1a%%erin% heroes

1ho do the i!possible 1ith an here of nonchalance.

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Le!en$is a story that so!eti!es of a national or fol- hero. Le%end is based on

fact but also includes i!a%inative !aterial.

M&ste"&is a %enre of fiction that deals 1ith the solution of a cri!e or the

unravelin% of secrets. Anythin% that is -ept secret or re!ains une6plained or

un-no1n.

M&t%olo!&is a type of le%end or traditional narrative. 5his is often based in part

on historical events# that reveals hu!an behavior and natural pheno!ena by its

sy!bolis!? often pertainin% to the actions of the %ods. A body of !yths# as that of

a particular people or that relatin% to a particular person.

F'ct'on 'n Ve"seis full0len%th novels 1ith plot# subplots# the!es# 1ith !a/or and

!inor characters. Fiction of verse is one of the %enres of literaturein 1hich the

narrative is usually presented in blan- verse for!.

5he %enre of F'ct'oncan be defined as narrative literary 1or-s 1hose content is

produced by the i!a%ination and is not necessarily based on fact. n fiction

so!ethin% is fei%ned# invented# or i!a%ined? a !ade0up story.

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Ma(o" fo"*s of l'te"a"& an$ se*',l'te"a"& f'ct'ons

Dra!a

Graphic novel

Myth

'ovel

'ovella

Short story

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D"a*ais the specific !odeof narrative#

typically fictional# representedin perfor!ance.5he ter! co!es fro!

the Gree-1ord BC E# drama# !eanin% action# 1hich is derived fro! the

verb BC# dra# !eanin% to door to act. 5he enact!ent of dra!a in theatre#

perfor!ed by actorson a sta%ebefore an audience#

presupposes collaborative!odes of production and a collectivefor! of

reception. 5he structure of dra!atic te6ts# unli-e other for!s of literature# is

directly influenced by this collaborative production and collective

reception 5he early !oderntra%edyHamlet38HI84 by Sha-espeareand

the classical Atheniantra%edy Oedipus the King3c. &9J ,(4 by Sophoclesare

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a!on% the !asterpieces of the art of dra!a. A !odern e6a!ple is Long Day's

Journey into Night38J;H4 by $u%ene >'eill.

A !"a+%'c no)elis a boo- !ade up of co!icscontent. Althou%h the 1ord KnovelK

nor!ally refers to lon% fictional 1or-s# the ter! K%raphic novelK is applied broadly

and includes fiction# non0fiction# and antholo%i)ed 1or-. t is distin%uished fro!

the ter! Kco!ic boo-K# 1hich is used for co!ics periodicals.

M&t%olo!&is a collection of !yths# especially one belon%in% to a particular

reli%ious or cultural tradition of a %roup of peopletheir collection of storiesthey

tell to e6plain nature#history# and custo!sor the study of such !yths.

A no)elis a lon% narrative# nor!ally in prose# 1hich

describes fictionalcharacters and events# usually in the for! of a se"uential

story.

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early !odernro!ance# and the tradition of the novella. 5he latter# an talian 1ord

used to describe short stories# supplied the present %eneric $n%lish ter! in the

8Nth century. Mi%uel de (ervantes# author of Don ui!ote# is fre"uently cited as

the first si%nificant $uropean novelistof the !odern era? the first part of Don

ui!ote1as published in 8HI;.

A no)ellais a 1or- of 1ritten# fictional# narrative prose nor!ally lon%er than

a short storybut shorter than a novel. 5he $n%lish 1ord KnovellaK derives fro!

the talian KnovellaK# fe!inine of KnovelloK# 1hich !eans Kne1K.O85he novella is a

co!!on literary %enrein several $uropean lan%ua%es.

A s%o"t sto"&is a brief 1or- of literature# usually 1ritten

in narrativeprose. $!er%in% fro! earlier oral storytellin%traditions in the 8th

century# the short story has %ro1n to enco!pass a body of 1or- so diverse as to

defy easy characteri)ation. At its !ost prototypical the short story features a

s!all cast of na!ed characters# and focuses on a self0contained incident 1ith the

intent of evo-in% a Ksin%le effectK or !ood. O9n doin% so# short stories !a-e use

of plot# resonance# and other dyna!ic co!ponents to a far %reater de%ree than is

typical of an anecdote# yet to a far lesser de%ree than a novel.

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Gen"eis a broad ter! that translates fro! the French to !ean 7-ind7 or 7type.7 n

entertain!ent# this can translate to horror# ro!ance# science fiction# etc. n

%eneral# these types differ for all sorts of reasons# fro! the actions in their plots

to the feelin%s they elicit fro! the audience. Qo1ever# in literature# there are

so!e !ore defined %enres. t is i!portant to -no1 1hich %enre a piece of 1or-

falls into because the reader 1ill already have certain e6pectations before he

even be%ins to read.

Genre# in broad ter!s# refers to any 1or-s that share certain characteristics. f

enou%h characteristics are in co!!on# then the pieces are said to be in the

sa!e %enre. n literature# there are four !ain %enres to help the reader focus

their e6pectations for the piece# thou%h these %enres can be bro-en do1n even

further.

C%a"acte"'st'cs of !en"es

Poet"&

A !ain literary %enre is poetry. All poe!s share specific characteristics. For

e6a!ple# +oet"&is 1ritten in lines and stan)as instead of sentences and

para%raphs. So!e poe!s follo1 strict rules as to the nu!ber and len%th of lines

and stan)as# 1hereas !any poe!s are !uch !ore free0flo1in%.

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Most poetry is abundant in fi%urative lan%ua%e. Usin% devices li-e a si!ile#

!etaphor# hyperbole# ono!atopoeia# alliteration# rhy!e# and !uch !ore# poetry

can clai! an e!phasis on i!a%ination# e!otions# and heartfelt ideas.

Poetry is usually shorter than the other %enres# but so!e poe!s are classified

as e+'c +oet" 1hich is lon% narrative poetry chroniclin% heroic deeds and

serious sub/ect !atter. For e6a!ple# ohn Milton7s epic poe! Paradise

Lostfocuses on Satan7s fall fro! %race and his follo1in% pursuit of reven%e.

F'ct'on

Poetry# ho1ever# is not the only %enre that can utili)e fi%urative lan%ua%e.

Si!ilarly# f'ct'on# 1hich is any 1or- 1ritten in prose that is not real# can also use

elaborate fi%urative lan%ua%e. Qo1ever# fiction is !uch !ore structured than

poetry. t !ust be 1ritten in sentences and para%raphs 1ith all the proper

punctuation and %ra!!ar# 1hich !a-es it prose. Usually# fiction is bro-en up into

chapters# as 1ell.

Since it is based on the i!a%ination# the sub/ect !atter in fiction 1or-s can be

nearly anythin%. Fiction can ta-e place in the present day# the future# or the past.

t can incorporate the !ost fantastical ideas or follo1 an everyday life. So!e

e6a!ples of 1or-s of fiction are le%ends# fol- tales# fairy tales# short stories# and

any novels. For e6a!ple# the popular Hunger Gamesand Divergenttrilo%ies

are fiction 1hich occurs in a post0apocalyptic future.

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Non,f'ct'on

A third broad literary %enre is nonfiction. f fiction is fa-e# then nonf'ct'onis the

opposite: it co!es fro! real life.

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8 Settin%

9 Plots

Perspective

& Style

; 5he!e

H (haracter

References

Toneis a literary co!pound of co!position# 1hich sho1s the attitudes to1ard

the sub/ect and to1ard the audience i!plied in a literary 1or-. 5one !ay be

for!al# infor!al# inti!ate# sole!n# so!ber# playful# serious# ironic#

condescendin%# or !any other possible attitudes.

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the internet# television# and audio (Ds# boo-s# !a%a)ines# live events# such as

conferences and sta%e perfor!ances.

II. Concl#s'onAll of the arts consist of %enres. 5o na!e so!e of the outstandin%

types: in paintin%# there are the landscape# the still life# the portrait?

in !usic there are the sonata# the sy!phony# the son%? in fil! 1e

have the do!estic co!edy# the horrorTthriller# the

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appreciation# they need al1ays to be ac"uainted 1ith the specific

conventions of the type. 5he study of %enres essentially isthe study

of conventions. And in literature as in the other arts# an ac"uaintance

1ith %eneric conventions is critical to enrichin% our responses to

particular te6ts. t is true that since 1e are readin% Kland!ar-s#K

there 1ill al1ays be so!ethin% !arvelously uni"ue about each %reat

1or- studied. ,ut in each case there 1ill also be a set of

e6pectations connected to its type# to its %eneric tradition# as 1ell as

to the #eitgeist3the Kspirit of the ti!eK4 in 1hich the 1or- 1as 1ritten.

III. Ins'!%t Ga'ne$

As about to plan this research# !ust ad!it that find it difficult

fro! %atherin% data# infor!ation to be use fro! the process !a-in%

1hich 1ill use.

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IV. Refe"ences

$ugenio% &acelli ( )($d( )&*% Romero% &erlita &( &hDAn approach to Literature 3Modern Genres fro! A!erica# ,ritain and thePhilippines4 (opyri%ht 8JJ

Roldan% *urora H( $d D(

(olle%e Readin%

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V. C#""'c#l#* V'tae

De La C"#/0 1e't% De)'e M.8H9& Vuintos St. Sa!paloc ManilaTLalafu%an# Lal0lo# (a%ayan2alley

Au%ust I;# 8JJH

8JyTo

Fe!ale

*eithdevieI&88Wyahoo.co!

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