Literary Elements Setting Conflict/Inciting Incident Flashback/Foreshadowing.

Literary Elements• Setting• Conflict/Inciting Incident• Flashback/Foreshadowing

Setting• Definition:

• The TIME (day, month, year) and PLACE where the action occurs in a story.

• Purpose:– The setting can influence the type of

characters that appear in a story as well as what events occur in the plot.

SettingWhere:•Geographical location (Wyoming, London, Cairo, Vancouver, etc.) •Socio-economic characteristics (wealthy suburbs, depression dustbowl)•Specific locations (prep school, log cabin, bus, military base)

SettingWhen:•General time period: (Past, present, future)•Specific time period: (1865, during WWII, during Colonial Times.) •Time of year/Time of day: (Seasons, morning, dusk)

Turn and Talk

• Using the story “Seventh Grade” on p. 20 of your textbook, list details about the story’s setting (TIME & PLACE) with a partner.

• Simply stating that the story takes place in a school is not a complete response.

Identifying the Elements of A Plot Diagram

Plot• Definition:

–The sequence of events that make up a story

–All events are related to one another.

Plot Diagram

2- Rising Action

1- Exposition

3- CLIMAX

4- Falling Action

5 – Resolution/ Denoument Beginning of Story End of Story

Middle-End of Story

1. ExpositionDefinition:•Occurs at the beginning of a story to give the reader background information.

• Characters are introduced.

•Setting of the story is introduced.

• The Inciting Incident is introduced. –This is referred to as the INCITIING INCIDENT because it is the first indication that something has gone wrong.

–It causes a shift in the action during the beginning of the story.

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2. Rising Action

Definition:•A series of events (in a particular order) that lead to the climax

•A building of suspense or interest occurs.

3. ClimaxDefinition:• The major turning point or the most intense moment in the

story.

• Usually the main character comes face to face with the conflict.

• The reader’s emotion is piqued (sparked) by placing the outcome of the characters in doubt.

• Happens toward the end of a story.

4. Falling ActionDefinition:•All loose ends of the plot are tied up.

•The conflict(s) and climax are starting to calm down.

Definition:•The story comes to a reasonable ending (conclusion).•Not every story has a resolution

5. Resolution/Denoument

Putting It All Together

1. Exposition

2. Rising Action

3. Climax

4. Falling Action

5. Resolution/Denoument

Very Beginning of Story

Beginning – Middle of Story

Very End of Story

End of Story

Near End of Story

Plot Diagram for “The Scholarship Jacket”

Rising Action

ExpositionCharacters: Marta, Marta’s grandfather, Mr. Schmidt, Mr. Boone, the principal, Joann & her fatherSetting: Small town in Texas, only one store in town, grandfather’s bean farmInciting Incident: Teachers were discriminating against Marta, and debating giving the Scholarship Jacket to a white girl with a powerful father, even though Marta earned it.

Climax:YOU TRY:

Falling Action:

Resolution:

3. Marta asks her grandpa for money but he refuses because he thinks the scholarship jacket should be free.

2. Principal tells Marta that the jacket will cost $15

1. Marta overhears teacher arguing about who should get the jacket. Mr. Boone says Joann should because her father is on the school board. Mr. Schmidt disagrees

1. Mr. Schmidt congratulates Marta

2. Marta goes home to tell her grandfather- tears of joy

Grandfather was proud of Marta for standing up for herself and happy that she will get the jacket she earned.

Plot Diagram for “The Scholarship Jacket”

Rising Action

ExpositionCharacters: Marta, Marta’s grandfather, Mr. Schmidt, Mr. Boone, the principal, Joann & her fatherSetting: Small town in Texas, only one store in town, grandfather’s bean farmInciting Incident: Teachers were discriminating against Marta, and debating giving the Scholarship Jacket to a white girl with a powerful father, even though Marta earned it.

Climax:Marta tells principal she won’t pay for the jacket because of what her grandfather said.Principal changes his mind, tells Marta she can have the

scholarship jacket

Falling Action:

Resolution:

3. Marta asks her grandpa for money but he refuses because he thinks the scholarship jacket should be free.

2. Principal tells Marta that the jacket will cost $15

1. Marta overhears teacher arguing about who should get the jacket. Mr. Boone says Joann should because her father is on the school board. Mr. Schmidt disagrees

1. Mr. Schmidt congratulates Marta

2. Marta goes home to tell her grandfather- tears of joy

Grandfather was proud of Marta for standing up for herself and happy that she will get the jacket she earned.

Plot Diagram for “Amigo Brothers”

Rising Action

4. They both fight really well and give it their all

3. They psych themselves up and get in to the ring.

2.They think about “pulling punches” so they don’t hurt one another during the fight.

1.The two friends decide to split up when training so they don’t think about their friendship

ExpositionCharacters: Felix and AntonioSetting: Brooklyn, New YorkInciting Incident : YOU TRY!

Climax:You Try!

Falling Action:1. The boys leave the ring arm in arm, not waiting to hear who won.

2. Friendship is more important to them than winning the match

Resolution:

Plot Diagram for “Amigo Brothers”

Rising Action

4. They both fight really well and give it their all

3. They psych themselves up and get in to the ring.

2.They think about “pulling punches” so they don’t hurt one another during the fight.

1.The two friends decide to split up when training so they don’t think about their friendship

ExpositionCharacters: Felix and AntonioSetting: Brooklyn, New YorkInciting Incident : : The two boys are best friends but have to fight against one another in the golden gloves tournament.

Climax:The announcer turns to tell the audience who won the match Falling Action:

1. The boys leave the ring arm in arm, not waiting to hear who won.

2. Friendship is more important to them than winning the match

Resolution:

FlashbackDefinition:•An interruption of the chronological sequence of events in a story.Purpose:•To provide background or context to the current events in a story.•For readers to gain insight in to a character’s motivation.•To increase tension.

FlashbackExample:•Often presented as dream sequences and memories •When I went out of the drawing room, first thing that came into view in the open corridor way was the picture of my brother. [I just got the point why my mother used to see that portrait hours after he was killed in the WWII, and she left only when she saw any one of us coming to her.] I just heard steps and when I looked back, there was nothing that I could see. It was just a feeling of the past.

ForeshadowingDefinition:•Hinting at something that is going to happen later in the story.•Often appears at the beginning of a storyPurpose:•To help a reader anticipate the coming events in a story.•To create suspense/interest

ForeshadowingExample:•Shakespeare’s “Romeo and Juliet” is rich with foreshadowing examples. One of which is the following lines from Act 2, Scene 2:•“Life were better ended by their hate,Than death prorogued, wanting of thy love” •In the balcony scene, Juliet is concerned about Romeo’s safety as she fears her kinsmen may catch him. Romeo says, in the above lines, that he would rather have her love and die sooner than not obtain her love and die later. Eventually, he gets her love and dies for her love, too.