8/13/2019 List of Muhammad's Wives and Concubines http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/list-of-muhammads-wives-and-concubines 1/14 List of Muhammad's Wives and Concubines According to Anas ibn Malik, the Prophet Muhammad used to visit all eleven of his wives in one night; but he could manage this, as he had the sexual prowess of thirty men. [1] The historian Al-Tabari calculated that Muhammad married a total of fifteen women, though only ever eleven at one time; and two of these marriages were never consummated . [2] This tally of fifteen does not include at least four concubines. According to Merriam-Webster, a concubine is “a woman with whom a man cohabits without being married”, and has a “social status in a household below that of a wife.” [3] All of Muhammad’s concubines were his slaves. Al- Tabari also excludes from the fifteen several other women with whom Muhammad had some kind of marriage contract but who, due to legal technicalities, never became full wives. It is fairly certain, however, that none of these unions was ever consummated. They were the cultural equivalent of a broken engagement. Finally, there were several other women whom Muhammad wished to marry, or whom he was invited to marry, but for various reasons he did not. Contents 1 Lists o 1.1 Wives and Concubines o 1.2 Engagements and Broken Contracts o 1.3 Refused Proposals 2 See Also 3 References Lists The following lists of women in Muhammad’s life are based on the Islamic sources. Because there were so many women, some of whom had only a very brief association with him, it is possible that this number still falls short of the real total. Wives and Concubines No. Name Status Date Details Notable Early Sources 1 Khadijah bint Khuwaylid Married July 595. She was a wealthy merchant from Mecca who employed the 24- year-old Muhammad and then proposed marriage. She was the mother of six of his children and a key character in the earliest development of Islam. Ibn Ishaq [4] Ibn Hisham [5] Al-Tabari [6] Ibn Sa'd [7]
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8/13/2019 List of Muhammad's Wives and Concubines
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List of Muhammad's Wives and
Concubines
According to Anas ibn Malik, the Prophet Muhammad used to visit all eleven of his wives inone night; but he could manage this, as he had the sexual prowess of thirty men.[1] The
historian Al-Tabari calculated that Muhammad married a total of fifteen women, though only
ever eleven at one time; and two of these marriages were never consummated.[2] This tally of
fifteen does not include at least four concubines. According to Merriam-Webster, a concubine
is “a woman with whom a man cohabits without being married”, and has a “social status in a
household below that of a wife.”[3] All of Muhammad’s concubines were his slaves. Al-
Tabari also excludes from the fifteen several other women with whom Muhammad had some
kind of marriage contract but who, due to legal technicalities, never became full wives. It is
fairly certain, however, that none of these unions was ever consummated. They were the
cultural equivalent of a broken engagement. Finally, there were several other women whom
Muhammad wished to marry, or whom he was invited to marry, but for various reasons hedid not.
Contents
1 Lists
o 1.1 Wives and Concubines
o 1.2 Engagements and Broken Contracts
o 1.3 Refused Proposals
2 See Also
3 References
Lists
The following lists of women in Muhammad’s life are based on the Islamic sources. Because
there were so many women, some of whom had only a very brief association with him, it is
possible that this number still falls short of the real total.
Wives and Concubines
No. Name Status Date DetailsNotable Early
Sources
1
Khadijah
bint
Khuwaylid
Married July 595.
She was a wealthy
merchant from Mecca
who employed the 24-
year-old Muhammad and
then proposed marriage.
She was the mother of six
of his children and a key
character in the earliestdevelopment of Islam.
Ibn Ishaq[4]
Ibn Hisham[5]
Al-Tabar i[6]
Ibn Sa'd[7]
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She was Muhammad's
only wife as long as she
lived. She died in April
620.
2Sawda bint
Zam'a
Married,
though
with
limited
rights.
May 620.
She was a tanner who had
been an early convert to
Islam. Muhammad
married her at a time
when he was unpopular
and bankrupt. He
considered divorcing her
when, as the oldest and
plainest of his wives
(described as "fat and
very slow"), she no
longer attracted him, butshe persuaded him to
keep her in the house in
exchange for never
sleeping with her again
(she gave up her turn to
Aisha).
Bukhar i[8]
Ibn Ishaq[9]
Ibn
Hisham[10]
Al-Tabar i[11]
Ibn Sa'd[12]
3Aisha bint
Abi BakrMarried
Contracted
May 620 but
first
consummated
in April or
May 623.
She was the daughter of
Muhammad's best friend
and head evangelist Abu
Bakr. Muhammad
selected the six-year-oldAisha in preference to her
teenaged sister, and she
remained his favourite
wife. She contributed a
major body of
information to Islamic
law and history. The
paedophilic aspect of this
relationship has
institutionalised such
marriages within Islam.
Ibn Ishaq[13]
Ibn
Hisham[14]
Al-Tabar i[15]
Ibn Sa'd[16]
4Hafsa bint
UmarMarried
January or
February 625.
She was the daughter of
Muhammad's wealthy
friend Umar. Hafsa was
the custodian of the
autograph-text of the
Qur'an, which was
actually somewhat
different from the
standard Qur'an of today.
Ibn Ishaq[17]
Ibn
Hisham[18]
Al-Tabar i[19]
Ibn Sa'd[20]
5Zaynab bintKhuzayma
Married February orMarch 625.
She was a middle-classwidow known as "Mother
IbnHisham[21]
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of the Poor" because of
her commitment to
charity work. She died in
October 625.
Al-Tabar i[22]
Ibn Sa'd[23]
6
Hind (Umm
Salama)
bint Abi
Umayya
Married April 626.
An attractive widow with
four young children, Hind
had been rejected by her
aristocratic family in
Mecca because they were
so hostile to Islam. Her
tact and practical wisdom
sometimes mitigated
Muhammad's cruelties.
She was a notable teacher
of Islamic law and a
partisan of Ali.
Ibn Ishaq[24]
Ibn
Hisham[25]
Al-Tabar i[26]
Ibn Sa'd[27]
7 Zaynab bintJahsh Married March 627.
An early convert to Islam,
Zaynab was the wife of
Muhammad's adopted son
Zayd ibn Harithah. She
was also the Prophet's
biological cousin. When
Muhammad became
infatuated with Zaynab,
Zayd was pressured into a
divorce. To justify
marrying her, Muhammadannounced new
revelations that (1) an
adopted son did not count
as a real son, so Zaynab
was not his daughter-in-
law, and (2) as a prophet,
he was allowed more than
the standard four wives.
Zaynab excelled at
leather-crafts.
Ibn Ishaq[28]
Ibn
Hisham
[29]
Al-Tabar i[30]
Ibn Sa'd[31]
8
Rayhana
bint Zayd
ibn Amr
Sexual
slaveryMay 627.
Her first husband was one
of the 600-900 Qurayza
men whom Muhammad
beheaded in April 627.
He enslaved all the
women and selected
Rayhana for himself
because she was the most
beautiful. When she
refused to marry him, he
kept her as a concubineinstead. She died shortly
Ibn Ishaq[32]
Al-Tabar i[33]
Ibn Sa'd[34]
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before Muhammad in
632.
9
Juwayriyah
bint Al-
Harith
Married January 628.
The daughter of an Arab
chief, she was taken
prisoner when
Muhammad attacked her
tribe. Muhammad did not
make a habit of marrying
his war-captives, but
Aisha claimed that
Juwayriyah was so
beautiful that men always
fell in love with her at
first sight.
Ibn Ishaq[35]
Ibn
Hisham[36]
Al-Tabar i[37]
Ibn Sa'd[38]
10
Ramlah
(Umm
Habiba) bint
Abi Sufyan
Married
July 628
(following a
proxy wedding
earlier in the
year)
She was a daughter of
Abu Sufyan, the Meccanchief who led the
resistance against
Muhammad, but she had
been a teenaged convert
to Islam. This marriage
offset some of
Muhammad's political
humiliation in the Treaty
of Hudaybiya by
demonstrating that he
could command theloyalty of his adversary's
own daughter. Ramlah
was devoted to
Muhammad and quick to
pick quarrels with people
who were not.
Ibn Ishaq[39]
Ibn
Hisham[40]
Al-Tabar i[41]
Ibn Sa'd[42]
11Safiyah bint
Huyayy Married July 628.
She was the beautiful
daughter of a Jewish
chief, Huyayy ibn
Akhtab. Muhammadmarried her on the day he
defeated the last Jewish
tribe in Arabia, only
hours after he had
supervised the slaying of
Kinana her second
husband. His earlier
victims had included her
father, brother, first
husband, three uncles and
several cousins. Thismarriage was of no
Ibn Ishaq[43]
Ibn
Hisham[44]
Al-Tabar i[45]
Ibn Sa'd[46]
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benefit to Safiyah's
defeated tribe, who were
banished from Arabia a
few years later; its real
political significance was
that Safiyah's presence inMuhammad's household
was an open
demonstration that he had
defeated the Jews.
12
Maymunah
bint Al-
Harith
Married February 629.
She was a middle-class
widow from Mecca who
proposed marriage to
Muhammad. A placid
woman who kept a very
tidy house, Maymunahwas completely obsessed
with rules and rituals.
Ibn Ishaq[47]
Ibn
Hisham[48]
Al-Tabar i[49]
Ibn Sa'd
[50]
13
Mariyah
bint
Shamoon
al-Quptiya
Sexual
slaveryc. June 629.
She was one of several
slaves whom the
Governor of Egypt sent as
a present to Muhammad.
He kept her as a
concubine despite the
objections of his official
wives, who feared her
beauty. Mariyah boreMuhammad a son,
Ibrahim.
Ibn Ishaq[51]
Al-Tabar i[52]
Ibn Sa'd[53]
14Mulayka
bint KaabDivorced January 630.
Her family resisted the
Muslim invasion of
Mecca. Needing to
appease the conqueror,
they gave him the
beautiful Mulayka as a
bride. When she realised
that Muhammad's armyhad killed her father, she
demanded a divorce,
which he granted her. She
died a few weeks later.
Al-Tabar i[54]
Ibn Sa'd[55]
15
Fatima al-
Aliya bint
Zabyan al-
Dahhak
DivorcedFebruary or
March 630.
She was the daughter of a
minor chief who had
converted to Islam.
Muhammad divorced her
after only a few weeks
"because she peeked at
men in the mosquecourtyard." Fatima had to
Al-Tabar i[56]
Ibn Sa'd[57]
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work for the rest of her
life as a dung-collector,
and she outlived all
Muhammad's widows.
16Asma bint
Al-NumanDivorced
June or July
630.
She was a princess from
Yemen whose family
hoped the marriage
alliance would ward off a
military invasion from
Medina. But Muhammad
divorced her before
consummation after
Aisha tricked her into
reciting the divorce
formula. Asma later
married a brother ofUmm Salama.
Ibn
Hisham[58]
Al-Tabar i[59]
Ibn Sa'd[60]
17 Al-Jariya Sexual
slaveryAfter 627.
She was a domestic slave
belonging to Zaynab bint
Jahsh, who made
Muhammad a present of
her. She seems to have
been an "unofficial"
concubine who did not
have a regular turn on his
roster.
Ibn al-
Qayyim[61]
18Amra bint
YazidDivorced c. 631.
She was a Bedouin of no
political importance.
Muhammad divorced her
before consummation
when he saw she had
symptoms of leprosy.
Ibn Ishaq[62]
Ibn
Hisham[63]
Al-Tabar i[64]
Ibn Sa'd[65]
19Tukana al-
Quraziya
Sexual
slavery
Unknown, but
probably in thelast months of
Muhammad's
life.
She was a member of the
defeated Qurayza tribe
whom Muhammad
selected as one of his
personal slaves. Sheappears to have been
another "unofficial"
concubine without a
regular turn on the roster.
After Muhammad's death,
she married Abbas.
Majlisi[66]
Ibn al-
Qayyim.[67]
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Engagements and Broken Contracts
No. Name Date DetailsNotable early
sources
1
Ghaziya
(Umm
Sharik) bint
Jabir
Early 627.
She was a poor widow with dependentchildren. She sent Muhammad a
proposal of marriage, and he agreed to
the contract. However, when he met her
in person, he saw that, although
attractive, she was "old", and he
divorced her immediately. She never
remarried.
Ibn Hisham[68]
Al-Tabar i[69]
Ibn Sa'd[70]
2 Khawla bint
Hudhayl
Probablymid- or
late-627.
She was a princess from the powerful
Christian Taghlib tribe in northern
Arabia. Her uncle arranged the
marriage, which was expected to be politically advantageous on both sides.
Muhammad signed the contract, but
Khawla died on her journey to Medina,
before they met in person.
Al-Tabar i
[71]
Ibn Sa'd[72]
3Sharaf bint
Khalifa
Probably
mid- or
late-627.
She was an aunt of Khawla bint
Hudhayl (above). After Khawla's death,
the family tried to substitute Sharaf. In
one tradition, Sharaf also died before
consummation. In another tradition,
Muhammad changed his mind and broke off the contract.
Al-Tabar i[73]
Ibn Sa'd[74]
4Layla bint
al-KhutaymAfter 627.
One of the first converts in Medina,
Layla asked Muhammad to marry her so
that her clan, the Zafar, would be the
most closely allied to the Prophet. He
agreed. However, Layla's family warned
her that she was too "jealous and whip-
tongued" to adapt well to polygamy,
which would cause political problems
for the whole community. Under this
pressure, Layla broke off theengagement.
Al-Tabar i[75]
Ibn Sa'd[76]
5
Umm
Habib bint
Al-Abbas
After
March 630.
She was Muhammad's cousin. He saw
her as a baby crawling around and
remarked, "If I am alive when she
grows up, I will marry her." He changed
his mind when he found out that her
father had been his foster-brother and
died soon afterwards.
Ibn Ishaq.[77]
Al-Tabari.[78]
Ibn Sa'd.[79]
6
Sana al-
Nashat bintRifaa
c. April
630.
She was the daughter of a Muslim
warrior who hoped to advance hiscareer by becoming Muhammad's
Al-Tabar i
Ibn Sa'd[81]
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(Asma) ibn
As-Salt
father-in-law. Muhammad signed the
contract, but Sana died before the
marriage could be consummated.
7Umra bint
Rifaa
c. May
630.
She was the sister of Sana (above).
After Sana died, their father tried to
interest Muhammad in Umra. At first he
agreed, but he later changed his mind,
ostensibly because Rifaa boasted that
Umra "has never known a day's illness
in her life."
Ibn Sa'd[82]
8
Bint Jundub
ibn Damra
of Janda’a
Unknown.
Nothing is known about this woman
except that Muhammad contracted
marriage with her but divorced her
before consummation.
Ibn Sa'd[83]
9Jamra bint
Al-Harithc. 631
She proposed marriage to Muhammad,
and he accepted. Her father informedhim that she suffered from a serious
disease, whereupon Muhammad broke
off the engagement. According to the
Muslim chroniclers, her father arrived
home only to find that she really had
been afflicted with leprosy.
Al-Tabar i[84]
10
Al-Shanba’
bint Amr
January
632.
She was from a Bedouin tribe who
appeared friendly to Muhammad but
who had also been friends of the
Qurayza tribe. Al-Shanba’ insultedMuhammad on the first day by implying
that he was not a true prophet, and he
divorced her immediately.
Al-Tabar i[85]
11
Qutayla
(Habla) bint
Qays
May 632.
She was a cousin of Asma bint Al-
Numan, and the Yemenites sent her to
Muhammad as a substitute bride. He
signed the marriage contract but he died
before Qutayla arrived in Medina. As
soon as she heard that he was dead, she
apostated from Islam. Soon afterwards
she married an Arab chief who was aleader in the Apostasy Wars.
Al-Tabar i[86]
Ibn Sa'd[87]
12
Mary,
mother of
Jesus
The
Afterlife.
Muhammad said that Allah had wedded
him in Heaven to the Virgin Mary, who
was one of the four perfect women. The
Qur'an refers several times to Mary,
praising her chastity and affirming the
virgin birth of Jesus. Muhammad said
she lived in a beautiful jewelled palace
in Paradise next to Khadijah's.
Qur'an[88]
Bukhar i[89]
Muslim[90]
Majlisi[91]
13 QueenAsiya of
TheAfterlife.
Muhammad said that Allah had weddedhim in Heaven to Queen Asiya, who
Qur'an Muslim[93]
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Egypt was one of the four perfect women. The
Qur'an tells how Asiya rescued the
infant Moses from the evil Pharaoh, and
how Pharaoh later tortured his wife to
death for her monotheism. Muhammad
said that Asiya's palace in Heaven wason the other side of Khadijah's.
Ibn Kathir [94]
Majlisi[95]
14Kulthum
bint Amram
The
Afterlife.
Muhammad originally believed that
Maryam the sister of Moses and
Maryam the mother of Jesus were one
and the same. When he realised his
mistake, he apparently over-corrected
by deciding that Moses' sister was not
even named Maryam. He renamed her
Kulthum ("Chubby Cheeks") and said
that Allah had wedded her to him inHeaven. He did not say that she was a
perfect woman or that she lived next to
Khadijah.
Qur'an[96]
Muslim[97]
Majlisi[98]
Refused Proposals
No. Name Date Details Notable early sources
1
Fakhita
(Umm Hani)
bint Abi
Talib
before
595;
January
630;
c. 631
Muhammad proposed to his cousin
Fakhita, but her father married heroff to a wealthy Makhzumite poet.
Nearly forty years later, after
Muhammad conquered Mecca,
Fakhita's husband fled rather than
convert to Islam, causing an
automatic divorce. Muhammad
proposed to Fakhita again, but she
refused, saying she could not be
equally fair to a new husband and her
young children.
Later still, Fakhita came to
Muhammad, saying her children had
grown up and she was finally ready
to marry him; but he said she was too
late.
Ibn Ishaq[99]
Al-Tabar i[100]
Ibn Sa'd[101]
2
“As Many
Wives as
You Want”
c.618-619.
The chiefs of Mecca offered
Muhammad "as many wives as you
want in marriage," together with
wealth, political power and theservices of a competent exorcist, if
Al-Tabar i[102]
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only he would stop insulting their
gods. Muhammad refused this offer,
which was made while Khadijah was
still alive.
3Habiba bint
Sahlc. 623.
Habiba was a prominent member of
the Najjar clan in Medina. When the
chief died with no obvious heir,
Muhammad proposed to Habiba. His
companions warned him that the
women of Medina were not used to
polygamy and that the men were very
jealous for the happiness of their
daughters; if this marriage turned out
badly, key citizens might withdraw
their support from Islam. Muhammad
retracted his proposal, but the Najjarclan made him their chief anyway.
Ibn Ishaq[103]
Ibn Sa'd[104]
Abu Dawud[105]
Muwatta[106]
4 Al-Ansariya After 625.
This unnamed woman proposed to
Muhammad in Hafsa's presence.
Hafsa decried the shame of a woman
who would throw herself at a man,
but Muhammad retorted, "She is
better than you because she wanted
me while you only find fault." He
refused the proposal, but promised
the woman a reward in Paradise for
asking.
In fact several ansar women are said
to have proposed to Muhammad;
while this example is anonymous, it
clearly refers to a woman who is
distinct from Layla bint Khutaym.
Majlisi[107]
5Khawla bint
HakimAfter 627.
This is the same Khawla bint Hakim
who arranged Muhammad's
marriages to Aisha and Sawda. Her
first husband was Hafsa's uncle, andtheir elder son fought at Badr. After
being widowed, Khawla asked
Muhammad to marry her, but he
refused without giving a reason.
However, he found her a new
husband the same day.
Ibn Ishaq[108]
Bukhar i[109] Ibn Sa'd[110]
Ibn Kathir [111]
6Dubaa bint
AmirAfter 627.
Dubaa was a wealthy noblewoman to
whom Muhammad sent a marriage
proposal when he heard about her
beautiful long hair that filled a whole
room when she sat down. But by thetime she accepted him, he had been
Al-Tabar i[112]
Ibn Sa'd[113]
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advised that she was “elderly” (her
grown-up son had been born from
her third marriage) so he retracted his
proposal before he had even met her.
7Izza bint Abi
Sufyan
After July
628.
She was the sister of Muhammad’s
wife Ramlah. Ramlah proposed Izza
as a bride, "since, as I cannot be your
only wife, I would like to share my
good fortune with my sister." But
Muhammad said he could not marry
two sisters concurrently.
Muslim[114]
8 Durrah bintAbi Salama
After July628.
She was the daughter of
Muhammad's wife Hind. Another
wife, Ramlah, noticed that
Muhammad admired Durrah and
asked if he intended to marry her. Hereplied that he could not marry his
stepdaughter; and besides, her father
had been his foster-brother. On the
day Muhammad died, Durrah was
only six years old.
Muslim[115]
9Umama bint
Hamza
After
March
630.
She was Muhammad's cousin and
said to be the prettiest girl in the
family. Ali proposed her as a bride
while she was still a child, but
Muhammad said that he could not
marry her because her father had
been his foster-brother. She later
married his stepson, Salama ibn Abi
Salama.
Ibn Sa'd[116]
10Safiyah bint
Bashshama
September
630.
She was a war-captive from
Mesopotamia. Muhammad asked her
to marry him, but when she said she
wanted to return to her husband, he
allowed her family to ransom her. It
is said that her family cursed her for
placing her personal happiness abovethe political needs of the tribe.
Al-Tabar i[117]
Ibn Sa'd[118]
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References
1. ↑ Sahih Bukhari 1:5:268. See also Sahih Bukhari 7:62:142.
2. ↑ Al-Tabari, Vol. 9, pp. 126-127.
3. ↑ Concubine – Merriam-Webster, accessed September 28, 2011
4. ↑ Guillaume/Ishaq 82-83, 106-107, 111, 113-114, 160-161, 191, 313-314.
5. ↑ Ibn Hisham note 918.
6. ↑ Al-Tabari, Vol. 9, pp. 127-128; Al-Tabari, Vol. 39, pp. 3-4
7. ↑ Bewley/Saad 8:9-12, 39, 151-152.
8. ↑ Sahih Bukhari 2:26:740. 9. ↑ Guillaume/Ishaq 148, 309, 530.
10. ↑ Ibn Hisham note 918.
11. ↑ Al-Tabari, Vol. 9, pp. 128-130; Al-Tabari, Vol. 39, pp. 169-170.
12. ↑ Bewley/Saad 8:39-42, 152.
13. ↑ Guillaume/Ishaq 116, 223, 279-280, 311, 457, 464-465, 468, 493-499, 522, 535-
536, 544, 649-650, 667, 678-688.
14. ↑ Ibn Hisham note 918.
15. ↑ Al-Tabari, Vol. 9, pp. 128-131; Al-Tabari, Vol. 39, pp. 171-174.
16. ↑ Bewley/Saad 8:43-56, 152.
17. ↑ Guillaume/Ishaq 218, 301, 679.
18. ↑ Ibn Hisham note 918.
19. ↑ Al-Tabari, Vol. 9, pp. 131-132; Al-Tabari, Vol. 39, pp. 174-175.
20. ↑ Bewley/Saad 8:56-60, 152.
21. ↑ Ibn Hisham note 918.
22. ↑ Al-Tabari, Vol. 9, p. 138; Al-Tabari, Vol. 39, pp. 63-64.
23. ↑ Bewley/Saad 8:82, 152.
24. ↑ Guillaume/Ishaq 146, 147, 150-153, 167-169, 213-214, 462, 529, 536, 546, 589,
680.
25. ↑ Ibn Hisham note 918.
26. ↑ Al-Tabari, Vol. 9, p. 132; Al-Tabari, Vol. 39, pp. 175-177.
27. ↑ Bewley/Saad 8:61-67, 152.28. ↑ Guillaume/Ishaq 215, 495.
29. ↑ Ibn Hisham note 918.
30. ↑ Al-Tabari, Vol. 9, p. 134; Al-Tabari, Vol. 39, pp. 180-182.
31. ↑ Bewley/Saad 8:72-81, 152.
32. ↑ Guillaume/Ishaq 466.
33. ↑ Al-Tabari, Vol. 9, pp. 137, 141; Al-Tabari, Vol. 39, pp. 164-165.
34. ↑ Bewley/Saad 8:92-94, 153.
35. ↑ Guillaume/Ishaq 490-493.
36. ↑ Ibn Hisham note 918.
37. ↑ Al-Tabari, Vol. 9, p. 133; Al-Tabari, Vol. 39, pp. 182-184.
38. ↑ Bewley/Saad 8:83-85, 152.39. ↑ Guillaume/Ishaq 146, 527-528, 529, 543.
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40. ↑ Ibn Hisham note 918.
41. ↑ Al-Tabari, Vol. 9, pp. 133-134; Al-Tabari, Vol. 39, pp. 177-180.
42. ↑ Bewley/Saad 8:68-71, 153.
43. ↑ Guillaume/Ishaq 241-242, 511, 514-515, 516-517, 520.
44. ↑ Ibn Hisham note 918.
45. ↑ Al-Tabari, Vol. 9, pp. 134-135; Al-Tabari, Vol. 39, pp. 184-185. 46. ↑ Bewley/Saad 8:85-92, 153.
47. ↑ Guillaume/Ishaq 531, 679-680.
48. ↑ Ibn Hisham note 918.
49. ↑ Al-Tabari, Vol. 9, p. 135; Al-Tabari, Vol. 39, pp. 185-186.
50. ↑ Bewley/Saad 8:94-99, 153.
51. ↑ Guillaume/Ishaq 653.
52. ↑ Al-Tabari, Vol. 9, pp. 137, 141; Al-Tabari, Vol. 39, pp. 193-195.
53. ↑ Bewley/Saad 8:148-151.
54. ↑ Al-Tabari, Vol. 39, p. 165.
55. ↑ Bewley/Saad 8:106, 154.
56. ↑ Al-Tabari, Vol. 9, p. 138; Al-Tabari, Vol. 39, pp. 186-188. Despite the confusionover the name, she is probably also the woman referred to in Al-Tabari, Vol. 9, pp.
136-137 and the “Fatima bint Shurayh” of Al-Tabari, Vol. 9, p. 139
57. ↑ Bewley/Saad 8:100-101, 153.
58. ↑ Ibn Hisham note 918 (here he has apparently confused her with Amra bint Yazid).
59. ↑ Al-Tabari, Vol. 39, pp. 188-191. She is mentioned in Al-Tabari, Vol. 9, pp. 128-130
but has apparently been partly confused with Amra bint Yazid.
60. ↑ Bewley/Saad 8:101-105, 153.
61. ↑ Ibn al-Qayyim, Za’d al - Ma’ad 1:114.
62. ↑ Ibn Ishaq, cited in Guillaume, A. (1960). New Light on the Life of Muhammad , p.
55. Manchester: Manchester University Press
63. ↑ Ibn Hisham note 918 (here he has apparently confused her with Asma bint Al-
Numan).
64. ↑ Al-Tabari, Vol. 9, p. 139; Al-Tabari, Vol. 39, pp. 187-188.
65. ↑ Bewley/Saad 8:100-101.
66. ↑ Majlisi, Hayat al-Qulub 2:52.
67. ↑ Ibn al-Qayyim, Zaad al- Ma’ad 1:114.
68. ↑ Ibn Hisham note 918.
69. ↑ Al-Tabari, Vol. 9, p. 139.
70. ↑ Bewley/Saad 8:111-114.
71. ↑ Al-Tabari, Vol. 9, p. 139; Al-Tabari, Vol. 39, p. 166
72. ↑ Bewley/Saad 8:116.73. ↑ Al-Tabari, Vol. 9, p. 138.
74. ↑ Bewley/Saad 8:116-117.
75. ↑ Al-Tabari, Vol. 9, p. 139.
76. ↑ Bewley/Saad 8:7, 108-109, 231.
77. ↑ Guillaume/Ishaq 311.
78. ↑ Al-Tabari, Vol. 9, p. 140.
79. ↑ Bewley/Saad 8:36.
80. ↑ Al-Tabari, Vol. 9, pp. 135-136; Al-Tabari, Vol. 39, p. 166.
81. ↑ Bewley/Saad 8:106-107.
82. ↑ Bewley/Saad 8:107.
83. ↑ Bewley/Saad 8:106.84. ↑ Al-Tabari, Vol. 9, pp. 140-141
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85. ↑ Al-Tabari, Vol. 9, p. 136.
86. ↑ Al-Tabari, Vol. 9, pp. 138-139.
87. ↑ Bewley/Saad 8:105.
88. ↑ Qur'an 3:33-51; Qur'an 19:16-40; Qur'an 21:91; Qur'an 66:12.
89. ↑ Sahih Bukhari 4:55:642. Sahih Bukhari 5:58:163.
90. ↑ Sahih Muslim 31:5965. 91. ↑ Majlisi, Hayat al-Qulub 2:26.
92. ↑ Qur'an 28:4-13; Qur'an 66:11.
93. ↑ Sahih Muslim 31:5966.
94. ↑ Ibn Kathir, Tafsir on Qur'an 66:11.
95. ↑ Majlisi, Hayat al-Qulub 2:26.
96. ↑ Qur'an 19:27-28.
97. ↑ Sahih Muslim 5:326.
98. ↑ Majlisi, Hayat al-Qulub 2:26.
99. ↑ Guillaume/Ishaq 181, 184, 404-405, 551-552, 557, 689.
100. ↑ Al-Tabari, Vol. 9, p. 140; Al-Tabari, Vol. 39, pp. 170-171
101. ↑ Bewley/Saad 8:109-110.102. ↑ Al-Tabari, Vol. 6, pp. 106-107.
103. ↑ Guillaume/Ishaq 235.
104. ↑ Bewley/Saad 8:288-289.
105. ↑ Abu Dawud 12:2219 ; Abu Dawud 12:2220 ; Abu Dawud 12:2221 .
106. ↑ Al-Muwatta 20 10.31b.
107. ↑ Majlisi, Hayat al-Qulub 2:52.
108. ↑ Guillaume/Ishaq 590
109. ↑ Sahih Bukhari 7:62:24; Sahih Bukhari 7:62:58; Sahih Bukhari 7:62:63;
Sahih Bukhari 7:62:66.
110. ↑ Bewley/Saad 8:114.
111. ↑ Ibn Kathir, Tafsir on Qur'an 33:50.
112. ↑ Al-Tabari, Vol. 9, p. 140
113. ↑ Bewley/Saad 8:111.
114. ↑ Sahih Muslim 8:3412; Sahih Muslim 8:3413.
115. ↑ Sahih Muslim 8:3412; Sahih Muslim 8:3413.
116. ↑ Bewley/Saad 8:115-116.
117. ↑ Al-Tabari, Vol. 9, p. 140
118. ↑ Bewley/Saad 8:109-111.
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