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COMBUSTION AND FUELS
COMBUSTION OF
LIQUID FUELS
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COMBUSTION AND FUELS
PHASES OF LIQUID FUEL BURNING
Two phases of liquid fuel burning:a) phase of liquid evaporation,
b) phase of vapour burning.
Droplet of fuel
Cloud of vapour
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COMBUSTION AND FUELS
DOMINATING FACTORS OF OIL COMBUSTION
- liquid evaporation,
- mixing of vapour and oxidizer (air),
- chemical kinetics of combustion in gas phase.
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INFLUENCE OF GEOMETRY ON THE
COMBUSTION PATTERN
radiation
liquid fuelair
soot
diffusion
dropletof fuel
diffusionflame
air
droplets
+
air
evaporation
kineticflame
przewodzenie
ciepa
10-6
10-5
10-4
10-3
10-2
10-1
1 10 102
size [m]
heatconduction
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COMBUSTION AND FUELS
BURNING OF SINGLE OIL DROPLET
Diffusion model of single oil droplet combustion:a) flame geometry, b) temperature and fuel Cf/oxygen CO2 content
s
= kd02
oxidizer
products ofcombustion
droplet
vapour
vapouroxidizer
flame
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COMBUSTION AND FUELS
TIME OF BURNOUT OF A SINGLE OIL DROPLET
Time of burnuot s :
s = kd02
do initial diameter,
k coefficient.
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COMBUSTION AND FUELS
INFLUENCE OF FLOWFIELD ON THE
COMBUSTION PATTERN
1 2 3
a) Influence of natural convection, b) Influence of forced convection
(1 flow, 2 droplet, 3 recirculation zone)
flame
gas flow
fumes
droplet
oxygen
fuel
border of
heatedarea
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COMBUSTION AND FUELS
INFLUENCE OF INNER ROTATION OF LIQUID ON
THE COMBUSTION PATTERN
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COMBUSTION AND FUELS
Influence of droplet evaporation on the
combustion pattern
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COMBUSTION AND FUELS
BURNING OF A SINGLE DROPLET OF HEAVY OIL
Four phases of combustion:I time of induction ignition ended with ignition
of light fractions of oil,
II burning evaporation, cracking of heavyfractions of oil, formation of coke shell,
III micro explosion destruction of coke shall,
IV burnout of coke shall.
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COMBUSTION AND FUELS
HISTORY OF A SINGLE DROPLET BURNING (part 1)
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COMBUSTION AND FUELS
HISTORY OF A SINGLE DROPLET BURNING (part 2)
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COMBUSTION AND FUELS
TEMPERATURE HISTORY OF A SINGLE DROPLET BURNING
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COMBUSTION AND FUELS
COKE SHALE FORMATION AND RESIDUE
Coke shell
Shell formation
fuel droplet
coke shell
fragments of thebroken coke shell
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COMBUSTION AND FUELS
OIL-COKE MICROSCOPE PHOTO
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COMBUSTION AND FUELS
PATTERNS OF OIL DROPLETS BURNING IN FLAME
Group combustion
diffusion flame
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COMBUSTION AND FUELS
STRUCTURE OF DISPERSEDOIL FLAME
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COMBUSTION AND FUELS
STRUCTURE OF DISPERSED OIL FLAME:
1D - MODEL
1 2 3 4
oil droplets+air
flow dirrection
fumes
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COMBUSTION AND FUELS
STRUCTURE OF SPRAYED OIL FLAME
1 2 3 4 5
1 stream of sprayed fuel, 2 zone of evaporation, 3 zone of ignition,
4 zone of combustion of individual droplets, 5 boundary of flame
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COMBUSTION AND FUELS
STRUCTURE OF SWIRLED OIL FLAME
airrecirculation
zone
oil sprayingzone
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COMBUSTION AND FUELS
INFLUENCE OF SPRAY PATTERNON THE OIL-FLAME STRUCTURE
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COMBUSTION AND FUELS
TWO TYPES OF SPRAY PATTERN:A HOLLOW B SOLID
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HOLLOW CONE PLAME PATTERN
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FULL (SOLID) CONE PLAME PATTERN
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Structure
of swirledoil flame
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Structure
of swirledoil flame
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COMBUSTION AND FUELS
OIL BURNERS
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COMBUSTION AND FUELS
COMPACT OIL BURNERS
Compact oil burner has three main units:
oil atomisation,
aerodynamics,
control.
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COMBUSTION AND FUELS
SCHEME OF COMPACT OIL-BURNER
fan
ignitiontransformer
ignition
transformernozzle
ignition electrodes
head of burner
oil supply unit
oil filter
oil pump
oil pressure
regulator
cut off
valve
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COMBUSTION AND FUELS
EXAMPLE OF COMPACT OIL BURNER
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COMBUSTION AND FUELS
COMPACT OIL BURNER INSTALLED IN A BOILER
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COMBUSTION AND FUELS
HEAVY OIL BURNERS OF THE LANCE TYPE
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COMBUSTION AND FUELS
HEAVY OIL LANCE BURNER FOR BOILERS START UP
1 diffuser, 2 lance, 3 electric igniters air box
(P steam, M mazout, P1, P2 primary and secondary air)
LANCE OF MAZOUT BURNER
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LANCE OF MAZOUT BURNER
steam oil
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COMBUSTION AND FUELS
PARAMETERS OF MAZOUT AND STEAMIN START-UP BURNER
Parameter Unit Value
Mazout pressure MPa 0.4 0.6
Mazout temperature oC 115 130
Steam pressure MPa 0.8 1.0
Steam temperature oC 230
LOCATION OF MAZOUT BURNER IN SWIRL BURNER
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LOCATION OF MAZOUT BURNER IN SWIRL BURNER
MAZOUT BURNER IN BOILER FURNACE
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MAZOUT BURNER IN BOILER FURNACE
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COMBUSTION AND FUELS
SCANNER OF MAZOUT FLAME IN BOILER FURNACE
FIREYE InSight type 95
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COMBUSTION AND FUELS
LAMP OIL BURNER
wick