Linux Overview Why Linux ? • Not-so-ancient history – Torvalds, Linus Torvalds, 002 • the Helsinki University, as a student, low budget, work home – rapid and enthusiastic growth from toy to tool – ported to almost anything – from text mode servers to GUI desktops
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Linux Overview Why Linux ? Not-so-ancient history –Torvalds, Linus Torvalds, 002 the Helsinki University, as a student, low budget, work home –rapid and.
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Linux Overview
Why Linux ?
• Not-so-ancient history – Torvalds, Linus Torvalds, 002
• the Helsinki University, as a student, low budget, work home
– rapid and enthusiastic growth from toy to tool – ported to almost anything – from text mode servers to GUI desktops
Linux Overview
Why Linux - continued
• A few good reasons – comes with its own sources: high degree of customization possible, most portable OS – stable server platform – wide range of support, from distributors and the community– leave the licensing adventure to the stronger-hearted
Linux Overview
The Linux distribution (focus on Red Hat)
• Basic OS components of a UNIX system– the kernel – the heart of the OS – system programs – implement the various services required from an operating system – application programs – get useful things done
Linux Overview
• The bootloader – Choice of alternative OS – Sends boot parameters to the kernel – GRUB vs LILO
• User accounts, groups – Root account - no questions asked - careful
The Linux distribution (focus on Red Hat)
Linux Overview
• The filesystem (common)– Root directory: files that are necessary for booting the system – /root: The home directory for user root. This is usually not accessible to other users on
the system – /usr: commands, libraries, manual pages, and user utilities – /var: files that change: spool directories, logs– /bin, /sbin: system programs – /home: users accounts home directories – /etc: system configuration files – /proc: system info – /dev: special device files for all the devices – /mnt: predefined mount point for devices
The Linux distribution (focus on Red Hat)
Linux Overview
• The package manager – What it does (as opposed to “make install”) – How it works, dependencies: