Linkages between environmental Linkages between environmental conditions conditions and recreational king and recreational king mackerel catch mackerel catch off west-central Florida off west-central Florida Carrie C. Wall Carrie C. Wall Frank E. Muller-Karger Frank E. Muller-Karger Chuanmin Hu Chuanmin Hu University of South University of South Florida Florida College or Marine Science College or Marine Science Institute for Marine Remote Sensing Mitchell A. Roffer Mitchell A. Roffer Roffers Ocean Fishing Roffers Ocean Fishing Forecasting Service, Forecasting Service, Inc. Inc.
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Linkages between environmental conditions and recreational king mackerel catch off west-central Florida Carrie C. Wall Frank E. Muller-Karger Chuanmin.
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Linkages between environmental Linkages between environmental conditionsconditions and recreational king mackerel catchand recreational king mackerel catch
off west-central Floridaoff west-central Florida
Carrie C. WallCarrie C. WallFrank E. Muller-KargerFrank E. Muller-Karger
Chuanmin HuChuanmin HuUniversity of South Florida University of South Florida College or Marine ScienceCollege or Marine Science
Institute forMarine Remote Sensing
Mitchell A. RofferMitchell A. RofferRoffers Ocean Fishing Roffers Ocean Fishing
Forecasting Service, Inc.Forecasting Service, Inc.
Or: where to catch a king Or: where to catch a king in the Gulfin the Gulf
Institute forMarine Remote Sensing
Mitchell A. RofferMitchell A. RofferRoffers Ocean Fishing Roffers Ocean Fishing
Forecasting Service, Inc.Forecasting Service, Inc.
Study FocusStudy Focus
Pelagic Fisheries
Remote Sensing
Physical / Biological Oceanography
Hypothesis: Stronger and persistent fronts have greater Hypothesis: Stronger and persistent fronts have greater influence on fish abundance, increased catch efficiencyinfluence on fish abundance, increased catch efficiency
86°W
86°W
84°W
84°W 82°W
82°W
80°W
80°W
26°N 26°N
28°N 28°N
30°N 30°N
±
±
0 5025 Kilometers
Gulf of Mexico
Tampa Bay
CharlotteHarbor
Atlantic Ocean
FisheriesFisheries
King Mackerel (kingfish) Scomberomorus cavalla
Highly migratory species SST range (20 - 26°C) Expected to concentrate in
areas of high primary productivity and prey
Catch data collected through interviews at Catch data collected through interviews at local kingfish tournamentslocal kingfish tournaments
Fisheries – SurveyFisheries – SurveyWhere are the fish?
• What pass did you leave from? • What time? • Where did you start fishing?
• What time did you start? • What method of fishing was used? Troll? Anchor? Drift?
• Number of fishing lines?
• Number of fish hooked?
• Number of fish caught?
• Were bait fish present?
• Did you see kingfish?
• What time did you stop?
• Did you fish anywhere else?
• Did you run to the next site?
Remote SensingRemote Sensing
Sea Surface Temperature AVHRR + MODIS
Chlorophyll concentrations MODIS + SeaWiFS
• Proxy for primary productivity
Turbidity MODIS + SeaWiFS
• Water-leaving radiance at 443 nm
Red Tide MODIS
• Fluorescence Line Height
Frontal DetectionFrontal Detection
Automated frontal detection algorithm
Measure gradients near fronts
Measure distance between catch and fronts
Deg C25
17
Sea Surface Temperature9 April 2005
Detection of Bathymetric GradientsDetection of Bathymetric Gradients
84°W
84°W
83°W
83°W
82°W
82°W
26°N 26°N
27°N 27°N
28°N 28°N
29°N 29°N
Tampa Bay
CharlotteHarbor
0 10050 Kilometers
Areas of greater bathymetric gradient may influence frontal stabilityAreas of greater bathymetric gradient may influence frontal stability
Bathymetry Gradients and Sustained FrontsBathymetry Gradients and Sustained Fronts
Sea surface temperature Chlorophyll a
Locations where fronts are more likely to occur may Locations where fronts are more likely to occur may aggregate more kingfishaggregate more kingfish
84°W
84°W
83°W
83°W
82°W
82°W
26°N 26°N
27°N 27°N
28°N 28°N
29°N 29°N
±
0 5025 Kilometers0 10050 Kilometers
sust_sst_g-mean
Value
High : 0.194173
Low : 0.0098555
High: 0.19
Low: 0.00
84°W
84°W
83°W
83°W
82°W
82°W
26°N 26°N
27°N 27°N
28°N 28°N
29°N 29°N
±
0 5025 Kilometers0 10050 Kilometers
sust_sst_g-mean
Value
High : 0.194173
Low : 0.0098555
High: 0.67
Low: 0.00
Physical OceanographyPhysical Oceanography University of South Florida buoy data
Wind Velocity Current Velocity
Strong and variable winds and currents occurred Strong and variable winds and currents occurred throughout this studythroughout this study
i. j.
Turbidity at Fishing LocationsTurbidity at Fishing Locations
10-2
10-1
100
101
102
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
log nLw 443 (mW cm-2 m-1 sr-1)
CP
UE
Spring 04
Fall 04
Spring 05
Fall 05
c.
CP
UE
Turbidity at Fishing LocationsTurbidity at Fishing Locations
High fishing success associated with intermediate turbidity High fishing success associated with intermediate turbidity
10-2
10-1
100
101
102
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
log nLw 443 (mW cm-2 m-1 sr-1)
CP
UE
Spring 04
Fall 04
Spring 05
Fall 05
c.
CP
UE
Turbidity at Fishing LocationsTurbidity at Fishing Locations
Low fishing success and turbid water during fall 2005Low fishing success and turbid water during fall 2005
10-2
10-1
100
101
102
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
log nLw 443 (mW cm-2 m-1 sr-1)
CP
UE
Spring 04
Fall 04
Spring 05
Fall 05
c.
CP
UE
Effects of Fall 2005 Red TideEffects of Fall 2005 Red Tide
Reduced kingfish catchReduced kingfish catch Spring 2004: 444Spring 2004: 444 Fall 2004: 818Fall 2004: 818 Spring 2005: 538Spring 2005: 538 Fall 2005: 208Fall 2005: 208
Increased fishing w/ no baitfishIncreased fishing w/ no baitfish Spring 2004: 46%Spring 2004: 46% Fall 2004: 46%Fall 2004: 46% Spring 2005: 49%Spring 2005: 49% Fall 2005: 62%Fall 2005: 62%
Principal Component Regression AnalysisPrincipal Component Regression Analysis
Environmental factors influencing kingfish catch:Environmental factors influencing kingfish catch: Baitfish Presence (56%)Baitfish Presence (56%) Turbidity Gradient (30%)Turbidity Gradient (30%) Chlorophyll Gradient (7%)Chlorophyll Gradient (7%) SST Front (6%)SST Front (6%) Turbidity Front (2%)Turbidity Front (2%)
ConclusionsConclusions
Relationships observed between:Relationships observed between: Bathymetry and frontsBathymetry and fronts Baitfish and fishing successBaitfish and fishing success Water clarity and fishing successWater clarity and fishing success
Red tide in fall 2005Red tide in fall 2005 FLH characterized featuresFLH characterized features Observed baitfish and kingfish abundanceObserved baitfish and kingfish abundance
High variability within fisheries data High variability within fisheries data Anglers Anglers Strong and variable windStrong and variable wind
RecommendationsRecommendations
Apply findings to other pelagic Apply findings to other pelagic migratory speciesmigratory species
Aid in fisheries managementAid in fisheries management Continue to strengthen link between Continue to strengthen link between
scientists and fisheries communityscientists and fisheries community
Continue to characterize seasonal physical processes Continue to characterize seasonal physical processes within the study area and relate to kingfish abundancewithin the study area and relate to kingfish abundance
Pop-up satellite tagsPop-up satellite tags Frontal probabilityFrontal probability