Honors Thesis Honors Program 5-6-2020 Linguistic Self-Esteem in Bilingual Adults Linguistic Self-Esteem in Bilingual Adults Eunice Gonzalez [email protected]Dr. Nora Murphy Loyola Marymount University, [email protected]Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lmu.edu/honors-thesis Part of the Psychology Commons Recommended Citation Recommended Citation Gonzalez, Eunice and Murphy, Dr. Nora, "Linguistic Self-Esteem in Bilingual Adults" (2020). Honors Thesis. 236. https://digitalcommons.lmu.edu/honors-thesis/236 This Honors Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Honors Program at Digital Commons @ Loyola Marymount University and Loyola Law School. It has been accepted for inclusion in Honors Thesis by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons@Loyola Marymount University and Loyola Law School. For more information, please contact [email protected].
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Honors Thesis Honors Program
5-6-2020
Linguistic Self-Esteem in Bilingual Adults Linguistic Self-Esteem in Bilingual Adults
Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lmu.edu/honors-thesis
Part of the Psychology Commons
Recommended Citation Recommended Citation Gonzalez, Eunice and Murphy, Dr. Nora, "Linguistic Self-Esteem in Bilingual Adults" (2020). Honors Thesis. 236. https://digitalcommons.lmu.edu/honors-thesis/236
This Honors Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Honors Program at Digital Commons @ Loyola Marymount University and Loyola Law School. It has been accepted for inclusion in Honors Thesis by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons@Loyola Marymount University and Loyola Law School. For more information, please contact [email protected].
While completing this questionnaire, please keep the following information in mind:
Cultural identity refers to (1) the feeling of being a member of a particular cultural group, and (2)
the experience of aligning with values, beliefs, behaviors, etc. of a particular culture.
Cultural context refers to an environment that contains the values, beliefs and practices specific to
a particular culture, and involves the company of members from that particular cultural group.
We would like to know how you think about your cultural identities. The following is a series of
statements about how you see your different cultural identities. Please read each item carefully. Please
indicate how much each statement represents your experience using the following scale:
1: Not at all
2: Slightly
3: A Little
4: Moderately
5: Quite a bit
6: Mostly
7: Exactly
Categorization items:
I identify with one culture more than any other.
One cultural identity predominates in how I define myself.
One of my cultures is more relevant in defining who I am than the others.
While I come from different cultures, only one culture defines me.
I identify exclusively with one culture.
Compartmentalization items:
When I’m in one cultural context, I feel like I should play down my other cultural identities.
I keep my cultural identities separate from each other.
Each of my cultural identities is a separate part of who I am.
When I am in a particular cultural context, I feel that I should not show my other cultural identities.
I identify with one of my cultures at a time.
I only really experience my different cultures if I identify with them one at a time.
I only experience each of my cultural identities in their own context.
The differences between my cultural identities cannot be reconciled.
The differences between my cultural identities contradict each other.
Integration items:
My cultural identities fit within a broader identity.
My cultural identities are connected.
The differences between my cultural identities complete each other.
My cultural identities complement each other.
I have an identity that includes all my different cultural identities.
My cultural identities are all part of a broader group identity.
My cultural identities are part of a more global identity.
I draw similarities between my cultural identities.
Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (SES)
Answer the following questions by writing a number in the blank beside each item.
Use the following scale:
Strongly Strongly
Disagree Agree
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1. I feel that I'm a person of worth, at least on an equal basis with others.
2. I feel I have a number of good qualities.
3. All in all, I am inclined to feel that I am a failure.
4. I am able to do things as well as most other people.
5. I feel I do not have much to be proud of.
6. I take a positive attitude toward myself.
7. On the whole, I am satisfied with myself.
8. I wish I could have more respect for myself.
9. I certainly feel useless at times.
10. At times I think I am no good at all.
Positive and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS)
This scale consists of a number of words that describe different feelings and emotions. Read each item
and then mark the appropriate answer in the space next to that word. Indicate to what extent you have felt
this way today. Use the following scale to record your answer.
1 2 3 4 5
very slightly
or not at all
a little moderately quite a bit extremely
____interested _____irritable
____distressed _____alert
_____excited _____ashamed
_____upset _____inspired
_____strong _____nervous
_____guilty _____determined
_____scared _____attentive
_____hostile _____jittery
_____enthusiastic _____active
_____proud _____afraid
Self-Monitoring Scale
The statements below concern your personal reactions to a number of different situations. No two
statements are exactly alike, so consider each statement carefully before answering. IF a statement is
TRUE or MOSTLY TRUE as applied to you, circle the "T" next to the question. If a statement is FALSE
or NOT USUALLY TRUE as applied to you, circle the "F" next to the question.
(T) (F) 1. I find it hard to imitate the behavior of other people.
(T) (F) 2. My behavior is usually an expression of my true inner feelings, attitudes, and beliefs.
(T) (F) 3. At parties and social gatherings, I do not attempt to do or say things that others will like.
(T) (F) 4. I can only argue for ideas which I already believe.
(T) (F) 5. I can make impromptu speeches even on topics about which I have almost no information.
(T) (F) 6. I guess I put on a show to impress or entertain people.
(T) (F) 7. When I am uncertain how to act in a social situation, I look to the behavior of others for cues.
(T) (F) 8. I would probably make a good actor.
(T) (F) 9. I rarely seek the advice of my friends to choose movies, books, or music.
(T) (F) 10. I sometimes appear to others to be experiencing deeper emotions than I actually am.
(T) (F) 11. I laugh more when I watch a comedy with others than when alone.
(T) (F) 12. In groups of people, I am rarely the center of attention.
(T) (F) 13. In different situations and with different people, I often act like very different persons.
(T) (F) 14. I am not particularly good at making other people like me.
(T) (F) 15. Even if I am not enjoying myself, I often pretend to be having a good time.
(T) (F) 16. I'm not always the person I appear to be.
(T) (F) 17. I would not change my opinions (or the way I do things) in order to please someone else or
win their favor.
(T) (F) 18. I have considered being an entertainer.
(T) (F) 19. In order to get along and be liked, I tend to be what people expect me to be rather than
anything else.
(T) (F) 20. I have never been good at games like charades or improvisational acting.
(T) (F) 21. I have trouble changing my behavior to suit different people and different situations.
(T) (F) 22. At a party, I let others keep the jokes and stories going.
(T) (F) 23. I feel a bit awkward in company and do not show up quite as well as I should.
(T) (F) 24. I can look anyone in the eye and tell a lie with a straight face (if for a right end).
(T) (F) 25. I may deceive people by being friendly when I really dislike them.
Ryff’s Psychological Well-Being
Strongly
Agree
Somewhat
Agree
A little
Agree
Neither
agree nor
disagree
A little
Disagree
Somewhat
Disagree
Strongly
Disagree
Autonomy Subscale
1. “I am not afraid to voice my opinions, even when they are in oppositions to the opinions
of most people.” 2. “My decisions are not usually influenced by what everyone else is doing.” 3. “I tend to worry about what other people think of me.” 4. “I judge myself by what I think is important, not by the values of what others this is
important.” 5. “I tend to be influenced by people with strong opinions.” 6. “I have confidence in my opinions, even if they are contrary to the general consensus.” 7. “It’s difficult for me to voice my own opinions on controversial matters.”
Environmental Mastery Subscale
1. “In general, I feel I am in charge of the situation in which I live.” 2. “I have difficulty arranging my life in a way that is so satisfying to me.” 3. “The demands of everyday life often get me down.” 4. “I have been able to build a living environment and a lifestyle for myself that is much to
my liking.” 5. “I do not fit very well with the people and the community around me.” 6. “I am quite good at managing the many responsibilities of my daily life.” 7. “I often feel overwhelmed by responsibilities.”
Personal Growth Subscale
1. “For me, life had been a continuous process of learning, changing, and growth.” 2. “I am not interested in activities that will expand my horizons.” 3. “I gave up trying to make big improvements or changes in my life a long time ago.” 4. “I think it is important to have new experiences that challenge how you think about
yourself and the world.”
5. “I do not enjoy being in new situations that require me to change my old familiar ways of
doing things.” 6. “When I think about it, I haven’t really improved much as a person over the years.” 7. “I have the sense that I have developed a lot as a person over time.”
Self-Acceptance Subscale
1. “In many ways I feel disappointed about my achievements in life.” 2. “When I look at the story of my life, I am pleased with how things have turned out.” 3. “My attitude about myself is probably not as positive as most people feel about
themselves.” 4. “In general, I feel confident and positive about myself.” 5. “When I compare myself to friends and acquaintances, it makes me feel good about who
I am.” 6. “I feel like many of the people I know have gotten mores out of life than I have.” 7. “I like most parts of my personality.”