Gas Well Deliquification Workshop Sheraton Hotel, Denver, Colorado February 23 - 26, 2009 Linear Rod Pump Technology Christopher Schmidt and Ron Peterson Unico, Inc
Gas Well Deliquification WorkshopSheraton Hotel, Denver, Colorado
February 23 - 26, 2009
Linear Rod Pump Technology Christopher Schmidt and Ron PetersonUnico, Inc
Feb. 23 - 26, 2009 2009 Gas Well Deliquification Workshop Denver, Colorado
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LRP® Revolutionary Artificial Lift Technology
Feb. 23 - 26, 2009 2009 Gas Well Deliquification Workshop Denver, Colorado
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About Unico, Inc.• Variable speed drive products and systems
• Development, manufacturing, integration, and service
• Leading controls provider since 1967
• Headquartered in Franksville, Wisconsin
• Regional drive centers in Germany, UK, Venezuela, Japan, China
• Privately owned by company employees
• Approximately 400 employees worldwide
Feb. 23 - 26, 2009 2009 Gas Well Deliquification Workshop Denver, Colorado
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Unico, Inc. Oil and Gas Applications
• Draw works drives
• Centrifuge drives
• Drill string top drives
• Mud pump drives
• Electric submersible pumps (ESPs)
• Progressing Cavity Pumps (PCPs)
• Sucker Rod Pumps (SRPs)
• GPL® Gas-Powered Lift
• LRP® Linear Rod Pump
• CRP™ Crank Rod Pump
• GMC™ Global Monitor and Control System
Feb. 23 - 26, 2009 2009 Gas Well Deliquification Workshop Denver, Colorado
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Unico, Inc. LRP® (linear Rod Pump) Concept Background
Large transfer presses at GM, Ford, Chrysler, Toyota, Nissan, and Honda require up to 60 electronically controlled rack-and-pinion drives to achieve exceptional production rates
Feb. 23 - 26, 2009 2009 Gas Well Deliquification Workshop Denver, Colorado
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LRP® Mechanical Background
• PCP to SRP conversions• Reduced installation cost
• Site preparation • Installation equipment • Contractors on location
• LRP® design evolution • Belt drive unit • Ball screw unit • Rack and pinion unit
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LRP® Evaluation Projects
• First LRP® installed in December 2006 • First prototype units ran about 45 days • Rented pick-up used to replace prototypes
• Over 200 LRP® systems installed or pending installation
• 25 oil and gas producers installing LRP® technology• Well depths from 50 to 6,400 feet• Production rates from 5 to 300 bpd• Peak rod loads up to 23,000 pounds
Feb. 23 - 26, 2009 2009 Gas Well Deliquification Workshop Denver, Colorado
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Sucker Rod Pump (SRP) Dimensions
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Linear Rod Pump (LRP®) Dimensions
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Reduced Foot Print on Linear Units
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SRP Transportation Logistics
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LRP® Transportation Logistics
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LRP® Installation Methods
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LRP® Casing Mount Option
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LRP® Tubing Mount Option
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LRP® Casing Mount Option
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LRP® Installations at Red River Ranch
Workover rig used to pull the PCP and install the LRP™
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LRP® Installations at Red River Ranch
Installing the standoff and working the LRP® into place
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LRP® Installations at Red River Ranch
Setting the LRP® on the well
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LRP® Installations at Red River Ranch
Tightening the rod clamp
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LRP® Installations at Red River Ranch
Filling the LRP® with oil and hugging her for good luck
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LRP® Installations at Red River Ranch
Final - clean installation has only one sensor and one motor cable
Final Installation
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LRP® Installations at Red River Ranch
When location is cleaned and LRP® is painted it blends into the landscape
Linear Rod Pump
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Typical LRP® and SRP Drive Packages
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Speed Control Modes of Operation
• Single Speed– Same upstroke and downstroke speed from a single speed
source• Dual Speed
– Different upstroke and downstroke speeds from separate speed sources
• Optimized Speed– Controller chooses optimal speed, including reduced speed soft
landing prior to fluid impact.• Variable Pump Stroke
– Ability to “tag” if operator requests• Wide Speed Range Operation
– 2 spm – 20 spm
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General Control Features
• Pump Fill Control– Speed is automatically controlled to maintain
target pump fill• Pump-Off Control
– Pump shuts off for a select time if unable to maintain target fill at minimum speed
• Soft Landing– Using real-time downhole dynamometer feedback,
pump slows down prior to fluid impact anytime pump fill drops below the maximum setting
• Bridle Control– Pump speed is reduced if rod separates from
rack, eliminating violence during reconnection
Feb. 23 - 26, 2009 2009 Gas Well Deliquification Workshop Denver, Colorado
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Pump Fill Control
Single Speed Control• pump fill monitor 60%• pump average spm 8.0 spm• pump rate monitor 256 bpd• maximum rod load 21,000
lbs
Fill Optimization Control• pump fill monitor 85-100%• pump average spm 5.2 spm• pump rate monitor 270 bpd• maximum rod load 19,500 lbs
Pump fill optimizer independently adjusts up and down stroke speeds
Feb. 23 - 26, 2009 2009 Gas Well Deliquification Workshop Denver, Colorado
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Conventional Pumping Performance ComparisonExample• Using API
Dimensions•API standard 11E, 1994 (Specifications for Pumping Units)
• Class I Geometry• 96 Inch stroke• 5000’ depth• 1.5 inch pump• 10 SPM
Feb. 23 - 26, 2009 2009 Gas Well Deliquification Workshop Denver, Colorado
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Rod Velocity Comparison (75% Time Acceleration/Decelerating)
LRP Velocity
Class I SRP Velocity
Trapezoid Profile
• Matched performance
Feb. 23 - 26, 2009 2009 Gas Well Deliquification Workshop Denver, Colorado
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Rod Velocity Comparison (25% Acceleration Time)Trapezoidal
Profile• Lower Peak
Speeds• Quickly Change
Directions• Faster
Acceleration = Lower Speed During Straightaways
• Cover Greater Distance and Increase Stroke Rate Without Exceeding Rod Fall Velocity Limit
LRP Velocity
Class I SRP Velocity
Feb. 23 - 26, 2009 2009 Gas Well Deliquification Workshop Denver, Colorado
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Dynamic Profile Manipulation
• Low Inertia of Linear Unit = Near Instantaneous Control
• Linear Pumping Units Allow:– Continuously Variable Polished Rod Motion Profile – Closed-Loop Control of Polished Rod Load
• Dynamic Profile Manipulation Can:– Limit Minimum/Maximum Rod Load– Dampen Rod Load Oscillations– Eliminate Bridle Separation– Provide Soft Landing for Fluid Impact
Feb. 23 - 26, 2009 2009 Gas Well Deliquification Workshop Denver, Colorado
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Fluid Impact for Fixed Velocity Profile
75% Pump fill• Fluid Pound
Tv Open
Fluid Contact
Pump VelocityRod Velocity
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Fluid Impact for a Soft Landing Velocity Profile
75% Pump fill• Reduce Fluid
Impact Speed (22 in/sec to 6 in/sec)
• Soft Landing• Increase Speed
Elsewhere to Make up for Lost Time
Tv Open
Fluid Contact
Pump VelocityRod Velocity
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Fixed Velocity Profile Versus Soft Landing Velocity Profile
Fixed Velocity Profile
Soft Landing Velocity Profile(Expanded View)
Pump DecelerationPump Load
Pump Deceleration
Pump Load
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Rod Load Damping ControlPatented Rod Dampening Control• Reduced Peak Polished Rod Loads• Reduced Peak Downhole Pump
Speed from 40 in/sec to 20 in/sec
Fixed Velocity Profile
Pump VelocityRod Velocity
Rod VelocityPump Velocity
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Rod Load Damping Dynamometer Cards
Rod Damping Control• Reduced Peak polished Rod Load• Minimize Bridle Separation• Reduce Tubing wear
Fixed Velocity Profile
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Rod String Loading With & Without Damping
Rod Damping Control
Fixed Velocity Profile
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SRP & LRP Installations at Dugan Production
• LRP® reduces location foot print and site preparation
• No exposed moving parts on LRP™ increase safety
• Installation costs are reduced and appearance is enhanced
Feb. 23 - 26, 2009 2009 Gas Well Deliquification Workshop Denver, Colorado
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LRP® with Unico Gas Powered Lift (GPL®)
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LRP® with GPL® on Lake Maracaibo
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LRP® Installation in New Mexico
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LRP® Installation in Venezuela
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Air Balanced LRP® InstallationAir Balance LRP®• 30,000 pound maximum
load• 15,000 pound counter
balance• Programmable
counterbalance effect
Feb. 23 - 26, 2009 2009 Gas Well Deliquification Workshop Denver, Colorado
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CopyrightRights to this presentation are owned by the company(ies) and/or author(s) listed on the title page. By submitting this presentation to the Gas Well Deliquification Workshop, they grant to the Workshop, the Artificial Lift Research and Development Council (ALRDC), and the Southwestern Petroleum Short Course (SWPSC), rights to:
– Display the presentation at the Workshop.– Place it on the www.alrdc.com web site, with access to the site to be
as directed by the Workshop Steering Committee.– Place it on a CD for distribution and/or sale as directed by the
Workshop Steering Committee.Other uses of this presentation are prohibited without the expressed written permission of the company(ies) and/or author(s) who own it and the Workshop Steering Committee.
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DisclaimerThe following disclaimer shall be included as the last page of a Technical Presentation or Continuing Education Course. A similar disclaimer is included on the front page of the Gas Well Deliquification Web Site.The Artificial Lift Research and Development Council and its officers and trustees, and the Gas Well Deliquification Workshop Steering Committee members, and their supporting organizations and companies (here-in-after referred to as the Sponsoring Organizations), and the author(s) of this Technical Presentation or Continuing Education Training Course and their company(ies), provide this presentation and/or training material at the Gas Well Deliquification Workshop "as is" without any warranty of any kind, express or implied, as to the accuracy of the information or the products or services referred to by any presenter (in so far as such warranties may be excluded under any relevant law) and these members and their companies will not be liable for unlawful actions and any losses or damage that may result from use of any presentation as a consequence of any inaccuracies in, or any omission from, the information which therein may be contained.The views, opinions, and conclusions expressed in these presentations and/or training materials are those of the author and not necessarily those of the Sponsoring Organizations. The author is solely responsible for the content of the materials.The Sponsoring Organizations cannot and do not warrant the accuracy of these documents beyond the source documents, although we do make every attempt to work from authoritative sources. The Sponsoring Organizations provide these presentations and/or training materials as a service. The Sponsoring Organizations make no representations or warranties, express or implied, with respect to the presentations and/or training materials, or any part thereof, including any warrantees of title, non-infringement of copyright or patent rights of others, merchantability, or fitness or suitability for any purpose.