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( Ciencias da Terra (UNL) Lisboa N"15 pp. 91 -I OO 2003 )2
PI.
Limnic ostracoda from Silveirinha, Portugal(? Late Paleocene -
Lowermost Eocene)
Jean-Paul Colin (')& Misuel Telles Antunes (2.3. 4)o
Projecto "POCTII3653 1IPAU2000 - Stud ies on Portu guese
Palaeontology (Post-Paleozo ic)", FCT Fundacao para a Ciencia e a
Tecnolog ialMinisterio da Ciencia e das Universidades.
1. 3 Impasse des Biroulayres, 3361 0 Cestas,
France.jean-paul.colin@wo rldon line.fr. 2. Academ ia das Cicncias
de Lisboa. 3. European Academ yofArts, Sciences and Humanities.
Paris. 4. Centro de Estudos Geologicos. Faculdade de Ciencias e
Tecnologia (UNLVQuinta da Torre 2829-516
Caparica, Portugal. [email protected]
Abstract
Key-words: Ostracoda; ?upper Paleocene/ lowermost Eocene;
Silveirinha; Portugal.
Silveirinha, a rich site for mammals and other vertebrates,
yielded some molluscs, charophytes and ostracods. The latter
aredescribed here. Eight species were recognized. Two of them,
Ilyocypris Iusitan tcus n. sp. and Cyp ris si lveirinhaensis n. sp.
arc new.Other.unnamed species maybeascribedto Cyclocypris?
andCypria? besides a further four undeterminate
Cypridaeea.TheOstracodassociation is typical for limnic
environments and is compatible with intertropical condit ions.
Cypris si lvei rinhaensis suggests anEocene. and especiall y a
lower Eocene age.
Resume
Patavras-cb ave: Ostracodos; ?Paleocenico superior! Eocenico
basal; Silveirinha; Portugal.
A jazida de Silveirinha, rica de mamiferos e outros vertebrados,
deu tarnbem moluscos, car6fitos e ostracodos, descritos
nestetrabalho. Foram reconhecidas oito especies, duas novas: lli
ocypris lusitanicus n. sp. e Cypris si lve irinhaensis n. sp. Alern
destas,ocorrern especies atribui veis, possivelrnente, aos generos
Cyclocypris (uma) e Cyp ria (uma) , ale rn de quatro de
genero(s)indeterminado(s) da superfamilia Cypridacea. A associacao,
tipicamente indicativa de meios lirnnicos, ecompativel com
ambientesinter-tropicais. Do ponto de vista cronol6gico, Cypris si
lveirinhaensls sugere idade do Eocenico, em particular do Eocenico
inferior.
I. Introduction
Vertebrate remains have been col1ected by R. Pena dosReis (Un
iversity of Coimb ra) in a clay pit at Silveirinha,lower Mon dego
area, West-central Portuga l. T heconcerned lithostratigraphic unit
is the "Areias e argilasde Taveiro", whose lower levels are late
Cretaceous inage, mainly comp rises greenish, clayey beds crossed
byfluviatile channels (Reis & Soares, 1981). Pelitic
sedimentsare nearly sterile under a palaeonto logie viewpoi nt.
Onthe other hand, the channels'infi l1ings are foss
il-richmicroconglomerates .
Sedimentation occurred in an al1uvial plain, maybe inbogs that
ofte n (seasona l1y?) were floode d throug hcrevasse-sp lay
channels.
The first fossils were sent to M. T. Antunes, whoidentified some
mammals that pointed out to lowermostEocene (Antunes, 198 1). That
age was then recognizedfor the first time in Portugal (ibid.). A
ful1er accou nt waspublished soon after (Antunes & Russel1 ,
198 1).
A Research Program has been deve lopped since underthe direction
ofM. T. Antu nes. Field work and subsequentwashing and sieving at
the Earth Sciences Department ofthe Faculdade de Ciencias e
Tecnologia (Universidade
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Cienciasda Terra(UNL). 15
Nova de Lisboa) of more than 10 thousand kg ofsedime ntsallowed
us to gathe r an impressive collection. Silveirinhabecame one of
Western Europe's richest sites for thosetimes. It yielded a rich
mammalian fauna (for a synthesis,see Antunes et aI., 1997) that was
reco gnized as olderthan Doormat's (in Belgium, the type site for
the MP7mammal -unit). Lat er on, a few si milar mammalianfaunulas
from the Pyrenean region were shown to laystratigraphically under
marine Paleocene beds (Gheerbrantet al., 1997).An uppe r Paleocene
age cannot therefo re beexcluded as far as Silve irinha is
concerned.
Other groups are represented: birds, including a wader(Harris
on, 1983), a small-si zed crocodili an, ge nusDiplocynodon (A
ntunes, under pri nting), snakes andliza rds as well as amphibians
(Rage, this volume),Pelomedusid che lonians (De Lappare nt de
Broin, idem),percomorph fishes (Gauda nt & Antunes, idem),
scarce(except Bythinia s gastropods and exceedi ng ly ra
relamellibranchs (Callapez, idem), ostracods, worms or
othertrace-fossil producers, scarce seeds, charophyte
gyrogonites(identified by J. Riveline, Antunes & Colin, this
volume),besi des coprolithes and a few amber fragments.
Most fossils unde rwent diagenetic silicification andwater
transportation. They are often abraded.
I/yocypris conroe Mandelstam , 196 1 common in theEocene of
China (Hou et 01.• 1978), which also lacks thepostero -ventral
node.
Family Candonidae Kaufmann, 1900Subfamily Cyclocypridinae
Kaufmann, 1900Genus Cyclocypris Brady & Norman, 1889
Cyclocypris ? sp.(PI. 2, fig. 8)
Dimensions: L = 0.5 1 mm; h = 0.46 mm.
Rem arks: This species, tentatively assigned to the
genusCyclocypris , is morphologically close to
Porpocyprissphaeroidalis Guan 1978 and Cyprois globra Chen,
1982(ill Hou et 01.) from the uppermost Cre taceous of China(Zhang,
1992).
Genus Cyp ria Zenker, 1854
Cypria? sp.(PI. 2, figs. 7,9, 10)
Dimension s: L = 0.43 mm; h = 0.29 mm.
Remarks: Rather small species, strong ly compressed. Arelated
species, Cypris dorsalta Malz & Moyadepour, 1973from the
Miocene and Oligocene (Carbonnel et 01., 1985)of respectively
Germany and Switzerland, is higher.
2. T he Ostracoda
The limnic ostracode assemblage found in Silverinh ais we ll
diversified, with 8 species recognized.
Illustrated materi al is provi sionally deposited in theco llec
tions of the Ce ntro de Es tudos Geolcgicos,Faculdade de Ciencias e
Tecnologia (UNL). Family
SubfamilyGenus
Cyprididae Baird, 1845Cypridinae Baird , 1845Cypris Muller,
1898
SubclassOrderSuborderSuperfamilyFamilyGenus
OS T RA C O DA Latreille, 1806PODO COPIDA Muller, 1894PODOCOPA
Sars, 1866Cypridacea Baird, 1845Ilyocyprididae Kaufmann ,
1900I/yocypris Brady & Norman, 1889
Ilyocypris lusitanicus n, sp.(PI. I, figs. 1-2, 4, 8)
Cyp ris silveirinhaensis n. sp.(PI. I , figs .3, 5-7)
Deriva tion of nam e: from the type locality Silveirinha.Holotyp
e: Cara pace (PI. I, fig. 5).Paratypes: 3 carapaces.!\Iaterial: 12
speci mens.Type locality a nd horizon: Silveirinha, Portugal,
LowerEocene.
Derivation of name: from Portugal.Holotyp e : I carapace (PI. I,
fig. 2).Paratypes: 3 carapaces .Material: 5 carapaces.
Diagnosis: species of I/yocyp ris, strongly reticulate, with3
dorsa l, a sub-median and a postero-ve ntral nodes.
Dimensions: L = 0.73 mm - 0.75 mm; h = 0.40 mm;e =0.34 mm.
Remarks: Related species are Ilyocypris essertinesensisCarbonnel
et 01. 1985 from the Chattian (Oligocene) ofSwi tzerland , which
differs by the ab sence of apo st ero-ventral tubercle and is
slightly larger; and
92
Diagnosis: Species ofthe genus Cypris with the
followingcharacters: moderate size carapace, finely reticulated,
weakanterior lip.
Dimensio ns: L = 1.22 - 1.39 mm; h = 0.76-0.90 mm;e =0.89
mm.
Remarks: Cypris silveirinhaensis is closely related tothe
followin g species:
- Cypris sp. Tambareau et 01. 1991, from the Ilerdian ofthe
Montagne-Noire (Southern France ), is smooth or veryfine ly pun
ctated , higher, with the greatest height in amedian position.
-
- Cypris pseudodecaryi Guemet 1981 from the Spam acianof the
Paris Basin has a more com pressed anterior margin,its dors al
margin is more inclined and the oma mentionmuch finer .- Cypris
decaryi Gauthier, 1933, a recent intertropical species,is large r,
high er and finely punctate (Neale, 1976b).• Cypris henanensis Guan
& Sun 1978 (= Cypris cf.decaryi auct.) from the Eocene of China
(Guan, 1984;Guan & Sun, 1978; Zheng, 1983; Hou et 01. 1978,
1982;Hao, 1988; Hao et a/., 1988; He & Zhang, 1982; He
etal.,1988), has a higher and more symmetrical carapace and avery
finely punctate carapace.- Cypris f avosa Ye (in Hou et 01., 1978)
from the Eoceneof China has a similar micro-reticu late
ornamentation butthe carapace is narrower and more elongated.-
Cypris subglobosa Sowerby, 1840 senSli Neale, 1976a ,a recent
species from India, Sri Lanka and Eastern Europe ,is more elongated
and the recticulation meshes are larger.
Indet. Cypridacea
Indet, Cypri dacea sp. I(PI. 2, fig. 5)
Dimen sions: L = 1.45 ; h = 0.93 mm.
Rem a r ks: outline comparable to Hebeina ovata Boj e,1978 from
the Oligocene of China.
Indet, Cypridacea sp. 2(PI. 2, fig. 6)
Di mensio ns : L = 1.23 mm; h =0.92 mm .
Indel. Cypridacea sp . 3(PI. I, figs. 8, 10; PI. 2, figs. 1,
2)
Dimensio ns: L = 0.78- 0.8 1 mm; h =0.4 6·0.50 mm.
Re mar ks : morphol ogicall y re lat ed fo rm s from th eCenozoi
c o f Ch ina have been referred to th e genusEucypris by many
Chinese authors (Hou et a/., 1978,1982).
Indet , Cypridacea sp. 4(P I. 2, figs. 3, 4)
Ciencias da Terra(UNL), 15
Dimensions: L =0.96 - 0.98.
Remarks: the same as for Cyp ridacea sp . 3.
3. C onclusions
I) T he ostracod associat ion from Silveirinha comprisesthe
following spec ies (absence of loose valves hampersgeneric
attribution of some):
lIiocypris lusitanicus n. sp.Cyclocypris ? sp.Cypria? sp.Cypris
silveirinhaens is n. sp.Inde l. Cyp ridacea sp. IIndel. Cyp ridacea
sp. 2Indet, Cypr idacea sp. 3Indet, Cypridacea sp. 4.
2) Th e most diagnostic spec ies are l/yocypris Iusitanicusn.
sp.and Cypris silveirinhaensis n. sp.
3) Th e presence of Cypris silverinhaensis n. sp. suggestsan
Eoce ne age as this species is very closely related to:Cypris sp.,
described by Tambareau et 01., 1991 from theIlerd ian of Sou thern
France; Cyp ris ps eudodecaryiGuem et, 198 1 from the Spam acian of
the Pari s Basin;and Cypris henanensis Guan & Sun , 1978, from
the Eoceneof China.
4) Th e Silveirinha's association ofostracods clearly pointsout
to limnic environments.
5) The s am e as soc ia ti o n seems co mpat ib le w
ithintertropical condit ions.
Acknowledgeme n ts
We are plea sed to express ou r sincere ackn owledgement s to
Dr. P. Carbonel (Talence, France) and C. Guerne t(Paris, France)
for the SEM phot ograms, Dr. E. Kempf(K iel, Ge rmany) for
bibliographic he lp , and Dr. ANascimento (Monte de Caparica,
Portugal) for preliminaryexamination of the Silveirinha
ostracodes.
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Ciencias da Terra (UNLJ. 15
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1, 2, 4, 8 -llyocypris lusitanicus n. sp.
I. Carapace, left view, x 80.2. Carapace, right view, hoJotype,
x 80.4. Carapace, dorsal view, x 80.8. Carapace, dorsal view,
slightly tilted, x 80.
3, 5-7 - Cypris silveirinhaensis n. sp.
3. Carapace, ventral view, x 40.5. Carapace, right view,
holotype, x 45.6. Carapace, left view, x 40.7. Carapace, right
view, x 45.
9, 10 - Indet, Cypridacea sp. I
9. Carapace, male, right view, x 70.10. Carapace, female, right
view, x 70.
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Plate 1
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Ciincias da Terra (UNL). 15
PLATE I
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Ciencias da Terra (UNL). 15
I, 2 - lnd et. Cyprideacea sp. I
I . Carapace, female left view, x 80.2. Cararapace, fem ale,
right view, x 80.
3-4 - Indet. Cypridacea sp. 2
3. Carapace, male, right view, x 60.4. Carapace, female, right
view, x 80.
5 - Indet, Cypr idacea sp. 3.
Carapace, right view, x 40 .
6 - Indet, Cypridacea sp. 4
Carapace, left view, x 40 .
7,9, 10 - Cypria sp.
7. Carapace, right view, x 115.9. Carapace, left view, x 115.10.
Carapace, right view, x 130.
8 - Cyc/ocypris ? sp.
Ca rapace, right view, x 80.
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Ciincias da Terra (UNL). 15
PLATE 2
99