Limitations & Exceptions Limitations & Exceptions for Libraries, Archives & for Libraries, Archives & Museums Museums Denise Nicholson Denise Nicholson Copyright Services Librarian Copyright Services Librarian University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa [email protected]African-Arab Regional Seminar African-Arab Regional Seminar "Limitations and Exceptions to Copyright and Related Rights: "Limitations and Exceptions to Copyright and Related Rights: Addressing the Needs of Affected Constituencies” Addressing the Needs of Affected Constituencies” Cairo, Egypt – 2 November 2009 Cairo, Egypt – 2 November 2009
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Limitations & Exceptions for Libraries, Archives & Museums Denise Nicholson Copyright Services Librarian University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg,
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Limitations & Exceptions Limitations & Exceptions for Libraries, Archives & for Libraries, Archives &
• Access to information/knowledge – a basic human right - Access to information/knowledge – a basic human right - essential for human survival and development. essential for human survival and development.
• “Freedom, prosperity and the development of society depend on education, as well as on unrestricted access to knowledge, thought, unrestricted access to knowledge, thought, culture and information.” (IFLA/FAIFE)culture and information.” (IFLA/FAIFE)
• ““Knowledge is not a commodity, and can never be one. Knowledge is Knowledge is not a commodity, and can never be one. Knowledge is the distillation of human endeavour, and it is the most profound the distillation of human endeavour, and it is the most profound collective good that there is". (A.Erwin, collective good that there is". (A.Erwin, former Minister of Trade & former Minister of Trade & Industry, South Africa)Industry, South Africa)
• ““Education is the most powerful weapon which you can use to change Education is the most powerful weapon which you can use to change the world”. (Nelson Mandela) the world”. (Nelson Mandela)
International copyright trendsInternational copyright trends
45 Recommendations adopted for Development Agenda - 45 Recommendations adopted for Development Agenda - http://www.wipo.int/ip-development/en/agenda/recommendations.html
Recommendations 16,19,20, 21 & 22 especially relevant Recommendations 16,19,20, 21 & 22 especially relevant to access to knowledgeto access to knowledge
Appropriate Limitations and Exceptions Appropriate Limitations and Exceptions vitalvital for access to for access to knowledge & development.knowledge & development.
Limitations and Exceptions Limitations and Exceptions Limitations & Exceptions of Copyright & Related Rights in the Limitations & Exceptions of Copyright & Related Rights in the
Digital Environment Digital Environment http://www.wipo.int/meetings/en/doc_details.jsp?doc_id=16805
Automated Rights Management Systems and Copyright Limitations and Exceptions http://www.wipo.int/meetings/en/doc_details.jsp?doc_id=59952
Limitations & Exceptions for the Visually-Impaired - Limitations & Exceptions for the Visually-Impaired - http://www.wipo.int/meetings/en/doc_details.jsp?doc_id=75696
Copyright Limitations & Exceptions for Libraries & Archives Copyright Limitations & Exceptions for Libraries & Archives http://www.wipo.int/meetings/en/doc_details.jsp?doc_id=109192
Copyright Limitations & Exceptions for Education – final report Copyright Limitations & Exceptions for Education – final report due before end of 2009due before end of 2009
Analytical Document on Limitations and Exceptions - Analytical Document on Limitations and Exceptions - www.wipo.int/edocs/mdocs/copyright/en/sccr_19/sccr_1www.wipo.int/edocs/mdocs/copyright/en/sccr_19/sccr_19_3.doc9_3.doc
Libraries as Key StakeholdersLibraries as Key Stakeholders
Statement of Principles on “Statement of Principles on “Copyright Exceptions Copyright Exceptions and Limitations for Libraries and Archivesand Limitations for Libraries and Archives” – ” – EIFL/IFLA/LCA at WIPO SCCR May 2009 - EIFL/IFLA/LCA at WIPO SCCR May 2009 - www.ifla.org/files/clm/statements/statement-of-prwww.ifla.org/files/clm/statements/statement-of-principles-sccr20.pdfinciples-sccr20.pdf
Free Uses: Free Uses: Reproduction for private purposes & research; Reproduction for private purposes & research; Temporary Reproduction; Quotation; Translations;Temporary Reproduction; Quotation; Translations; Educational Activities; Inter-Library Document Supply; Educational Activities; Inter-Library Document Supply; Communication to the public for educational & research purposes; Communication to the public for educational & research purposes; Archives, libraries, museums & galleries; Archives, libraries, museums & galleries; Reproduction, broadcasting & communication to the public for information Reproduction, broadcasting & communication to the public for information
purposes; purposes; Caricature, parody & pastiche; Caricature, parody & pastiche; Reproduction & adaptation of computer programs;Reproduction & adaptation of computer programs; Display of works; Display of works; Persons with disabilities; Persons with disabilities; Public/official documents Public/official documents
Afford African countries time & space to developAfford African countries time & space to develop
TRIPS-Plus is NOT the answer for Africa!TRIPS-Plus is NOT the answer for Africa! Review, liberalize and harmonize international and Review, liberalize and harmonize international and
national IP laws to national IP laws to facilitate, not restrict facilitate, not restrict accessaccess
Restore balance between rights-owners & usersRestore balance between rights-owners & users Support the Proposed WIPO Support the Proposed WIPO Treaty for Improved Treaty for Improved
Access for Blind, Visually Impaired and other Access for Blind, Visually Impaired and other Reading Disabled PersonsReading Disabled Persons
Consider alternative publishing options, e.g. Open AccessConsider alternative publishing options, e.g. Open Access
SolutionSolution
A A BalancedBalanced International FrameworkInternational Framework
that that enshrines enshrines ALL ALL Users’ RightsUsers’ Rights
Thank youThank you
Some Resources on L & EsSome Resources on L & Es Guideline Document on Copyright Limitations and Exceptions - Guideline Document on Copyright Limitations and Exceptions -
Copyright Limitations & Exceptions – Why they are important for access to Copyright Limitations & Exceptions – Why they are important for access to knowledge -knowledge - http://www.aca2k.org/index.php?option=com_idoblog&task=viewpost&id=79&Itemid=69
Exceptions and Limitations in copyright vital in South countries - Exceptions and Limitations in copyright vital in South countries - http://www.twnside.org.sg/title2/intellectual_property/info.service/2008/twn.ipr.info.081102.htm
L & Es - L & Es - http://www.cptech.org/ip/copyright/le.html Copyright Limitations and Exceptions for Libraries - Copyright Limitations and Exceptions for Libraries -
Resources for African countriesResources for African countries
WIPO Development Agenda and related issuesWIPO Development Agenda and related issues Article 27(1) of the Universal Declaration of Human RightsArticle 27(1) of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights Article 7 of the TRIPS Agreement on ObjectivesArticle 7 of the TRIPS Agreement on Objectives The Doha Declaration on TRIPS and Public Health (2001)The Doha Declaration on TRIPS and Public Health (2001) UK Commission on Intellectual Property Rights Report (2002)UK Commission on Intellectual Property Rights Report (2002) Geneva Declaration of Principles ( Paragraph 42) (2003)Geneva Declaration of Principles ( Paragraph 42) (2003) ICTSD/UNCTAD Policy Discussion Paper on IP and Development (2003) ICTSD/UNCTAD Policy Discussion Paper on IP and Development (2003)
and its Resource Book on TRIPS and Development (2005)and its Resource Book on TRIPS and Development (2005) World Summit on the Information Society (2003 and 2005)World Summit on the Information Society (2003 and 2005) Chile’s proposal on Exceptions and Limitations to WIPO’s Standing Chile’s proposal on Exceptions and Limitations to WIPO’s Standing
Committee on Copyright (2004)Committee on Copyright (2004) Commonwealth of Learning – Guidelines on copyright L & Es (2005)Commonwealth of Learning – Guidelines on copyright L & Es (2005) IFLA & eIFL position papers and their statements made at WIPOIFLA & eIFL position papers and their statements made at WIPO Access to Knowledge (A2K) Movement (Yale University)Access to Knowledge (A2K) Movement (Yale University) Gowers’ Review of Intellectual Property (UK) (2006)Gowers’ Review of Intellectual Property (UK) (2006) International Right to Read Campaign (WBU)International Right to Read Campaign (WBU) Proposed WBU Treaty for the Blind at WIPOProposed WBU Treaty for the Blind at WIPO
““Introducing Copyright – a plain language guide to Introducing Copyright – a plain language guide to copyright” (Commonwealth of Learning): copyright” (Commonwealth of Learning): http://www.col.org/resources/publications/monographs/Pages/Copyright.aspx
www.aca2k.org Access to Learning Materials for Southern Africa Project –Access to Learning Materials for Southern Africa Project –
www.access.og.za (2005) (website now closed)(2005) (website now closed) African Access to Knowledge Alliance – Ugandan Chapter, 2005 - African Access to Knowledge Alliance – Ugandan Chapter, 2005 -
Continental Organization, 2007 (currently in partnership with ACA2K) Continental Organization, 2007 (currently in partnership with ACA2K) http://www.col.org/SiteCollectionDocuments/Copyright_Alliance_article.pdf
Open Society Initiative for Southern Africa (OSISA) – Open Society Initiative for Southern Africa (OSISA) – www.osisa.org African Digital Commons - www.commons-sense.orgAfrican Digital Commons - www.commons-sense.org Southern African Regional Universities Association (SARUA) – Southern African Regional Universities Association (SARUA) –
www.sarua.orgwww.sarua.org Publishing and Alternative Licensing Model of Africa (PALM) - Publishing and Alternative Licensing Model of Africa (PALM) -
http://www.idrc.ca/acacia/ev-117012-201-1-DO_TOPIC.htmlhttp://www.idrc.ca/acacia/ev-117012-201-1-DO_TOPIC.html SADC-Centre for Distance Education - www.sardec.org.bwSADC-Centre for Distance Education - www.sardec.org.bw
South African A2K initiativesSouth African A2K initiatives Creative Creative Commons/Commons/iCommonsiCommons (South Africa) - (South Africa) - icommons.orgicommons.org Wits Link Centre - Wits Link Centre - http://link.wits.ac.za/http://link.wits.ac.za/ Library Association of SA (LIASA)/FAIFE – www.liasa.orgLibrary Association of SA (LIASA)/FAIFE – www.liasa.org Shuttleworth Foundation – www.shuttleworthfoundation.orgShuttleworth Foundation – www.shuttleworthfoundation.org African Virtual Open Initiatives and Resources (AVOIR) - African Virtual Open Initiatives and Resources (AVOIR) -
http://avoir.uwc.ac.za/http://avoir.uwc.ac.za/ Sivulile Open Access Project - Sivulile Open Access Project - http://www.sivulile.org/http://www.sivulile.org/ CSIR research Space - CSIR research Space - http://researchspace.csir.co.za/dspace/http://researchspace.csir.co.za/dspace/ Human Sciences Research Council (South Africa) - Human Sciences Research Council (South Africa) -
http://www.hsrc.ac.zahttp://www.hsrc.ac.za
OA institutional repositories in tertiary institutionsOA institutional repositories in tertiary institutions
SA National A2K initiativesSA National A2K initiatives
SA Government – adopted Open Source policy - SA Government – adopted Open Source policy - www.info.gov.za/view/DownloadFileAction?www.info.gov.za/view/DownloadFileAction?id=94490id=94490
The National Research Foundation (NRF) – advocacy The National Research Foundation (NRF) – advocacy role re: OA National Electronic Theses & Dissertations role re: OA National Electronic Theses & Dissertations Repository - www.nrf.ac.zaRepository - www.nrf.ac.za
Academy of Science of South Africa - SCIELO-South Academy of Science of South Africa - SCIELO-South Africa OA publishing project - www.assaf.co.zaAfrica OA publishing project - www.assaf.co.za