CHAPTER – 6 LIFE PROCESSES All living things perform certain life processes like growth, excretion, respiration, circulation etc. All the processes like respiration, digestion, which together keep the living organisms alive and perform the job of body maintenance are called life processes. Examples : Kinds of nutrition in which in organic materials like CO 2 , water etc are utilized to prepare organic food by the process of photosyntheses Eg. Green Plants Kinds of nutrition in which in organisms do not possess the ability to synthesize their own food. They depend on autotrophs for their food supply directly or indirectly. eg. Animals, Fungi CBSE Biology class 10 Key notes prepared by KVS and Delhi Schools for SA-01 Downloaded from: www.jsuniltutorial.weebly.com/ 01
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AK
50 X – Science
CHAPTER – 6
LIFE PROCESSESAll living things perform certain life processes like growth, excretion, respiration,circulation etc.
All the processes like respiration, digestion, which together keep the living organismsalive and perform the job of body maintenance are called life processes.
Examples :
Kinds of nutrition in which in organicmaterials like CO2, water etc are utilized toprepare organic food by the process ofphotosyntheses
Eg. Green Plants
Kinds of nutrition in which in organisms donot possess the ability to synthesize theirown food. They depend on autotrophs fortheir food supply directly or indirectly.
eg. Animals, Fungi
CBSE Biology class 10 Key notes prepared by KVS and Delhi Schools for SA-01
The organisms which carry out autotrophic nutrition are called autotrophs (greenplants)
Autotrophic nutrition is fulfilled by the process by which autotrophs take in CO2 andH2O and convert these into carlohydrates in the presence of chlorophyll, sunlight iscalled PHOTOSYNTHESIS
Equation :
Raw Materials for Photosynthesis :
q Sunlight
q Chlorophyl Sunlight absorbed by chlorophyll
q CO2 enters through Stomata, and Oxygen (O2) is released as by productthrough stomata on leaf.
q Water water + dissolved minerals like Nitrogen phosphorous etc are takenup by the roots from the soil.
Site of Photosynthesis :
Chloroplast in the leaf. Chloroplast contain chlorophyll. (green pigment)
Main Events of Photosynthesis :
q Absorption of light energy by chlorophyll
q Conversion of light energy into chemical energy + splitting (breaking) of waterinto hydrogen and oxygen.
q Reduction of CO2 to carbohydrates.
STOMATA : Tiny pores present on the surface of the leaves
FUNCTIONS :
(i) Exchange of gases O2/CO2
(ii) Loses large amount of water [water vapour] during transpiration.
CBSE Biology class 10 Key notes prepared by KVS and Delhi Schools for SA-01
How do organisms obtain their foodUnicellular / single celled organism : food is taken up through entire surface.Example : (i) Amoeba. (ii) Paramaecium
CBSE Biology class 10 Key notes prepared by KVS and Delhi Schools for SA-01
The circulatory system in human beings consists of :
A Pumping OrganHeart
Blood vessels- Arteries & Veins
A circulatory mediumBlood & Lymph
Life Process (II)
Transporation and Excretion
– Human beings like other multicellular organism need regular supply of food, oxygen etc., This function is performed by circulatory system or Transport system.
– The circulatory system in human beings consists of :
DeoxygenateBlood
(from body)
VenaCava
RightAtrium
(Relaxed)
RightAtrium
(contracts)
RightVentricle(relaxed)
Body Parts
via AoRTA
Rightventriclecontracts
Lungs
Blood Circulationin Human Heart
LeftVentricle
(contracts)
LeftVentricle(relaxed)
LeftAtrium
(contracts)
LeftAtrium
(relaxed)
Oxygenatedblood
AORTA
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CBSE Biology class 10 Key notes prepared by KVS and Delhi Schools for SA-01
W.B.C. A yellow colour fluidcontain 90% water &10% Organic substanceslike- Plasma Proteins viz.albumin, globulininorganic-mineral ions
Provide Bodydefence byengulfing thegerm cells &producingantibodies
helps inBlood Clotting
- carries respectgas (O , CO )2 2
- contain Hbimpart red colourto me blood
- Lymph - a yellowish fluids escapes from the blood capillaries into the intercellular spaces contain less proteins than blood. Lymph flows from the tissues to the heart assisting in transportation and destroying germs.
Blood Vessels
Arteries Veins
1. Carry Oxygenated blood from heart to body part except pulmonary Artery
2. Also called distributing Vessel
3. Thick and elastic
1. Carry deoxygenated blood from body parts to heart except pulmonary vein.
2. Also called collecting Vessel.
3. Thin and Less elastic.
Transportation in Plants
Xylem Phloem
1. Carries water & minerals from the roots to other part of the plant
2. No energy is used.
1. C a r r i e s p r o d u c t o f photosynthesis from leaves to the other part of the plant.
2. Energy is used from ATP
- There are two main conducting Pathways in a Plant
X-Science59
CBSE Biology class 10 Key notes prepared by KVS and Delhi Schools for SA-01