Life Cycle Inventory Database for Glass Industry ~ Japanese Experience ~ Tooru Kudo ASAHI GLASS Co., Ltd. Flat Glass Japan/Asia Corporate Social Responsibility Center Environmental & Safety Group Special Seminar “LCI/LCA in Thailand : 5-year experience under GMTAP” 5, Feb., 2008 Glass for Tomorrow Glass for Tomorrow
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Life Cycle Inventory Databasefor Glass Industry
~ Japanese Experience ~
Tooru KudoASAHI GLASS Co., Ltd.
Flat Glass Japan/AsiaCorporate Social Responsibility Center
Environmental & Safety Group
Special Seminar“LCI/LCA in Thailand : 5-year experience under GMTAP”
5, Feb., 2008
Glass for TomorrowGlass for Tomorrow
5, Feb., 2008LCA/LCI in Thailand : 5-year experience under GMTAP2
Contents
1. Life cycle & Boundary of Flat Glass2. LCA Sample 1; for New Product3. LCA Sample 2; for New Technology4. Conclusion ~ For Planet Earth
5, Feb., 2008LCA/LCI in Thailand : 5-year experience under GMTAP3
Contents1. Life cycle & Boundary of Flat Glass
i. Raw material stage ii. Production stageiii. Fabricating stageiv. Transporting stagev. Usage stage and Discharging stage
2. LCA Sample 1; for New Product3. LCA Sample 2; for New Technology4. Conclusion ~ For Planet Earth
5, Feb., 2008LCA/LCI in Thailand : 5-year experience under GMTAP4
1. Life cycle & Boundary of Flat Glass
Air pollution
(CO2, NOx)
Water pollution
(BOD,COD)
Solid wasteetc.
Flat Glass Production
Repairing
Recycle
Discharge
Energy
Raw materials
Wateretc.
Float glass
TemperingSputteringDouble Glazing,
Input Output
Transporting
Construction/Assembling
Fabricating
UseOther Industries
5, Feb., 2008LCA/LCI in Thailand : 5-year experience under GMTAP5
1. Life cycle & Boundary of Flat Glass~ Consumption ~
Soda ash
Dolomite
Raw materials2.6 x 106 ton
Silica sand38%
11%10%
Cullet36%
SiO2
Na2CO3
CaCO3, MgCO3
Others~5%
Scrap Glass
Flat Glass Products; ~1.4 x 106 ton/year in JapanData source; FLAT GLASS MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION OF JAPAN
5, Feb., 2008LCA/LCI in Thailand : 5-year experience under GMTAP6
1. Life cycle & Boundary of Flat Glassi. Raw material stage ~ Mining & Refining ~LCI of Raw Material Mining & Refining Process
Data Source; “How-to LCA=「LCA実務入門」3. Case study of LCI for Container glass
rate
Consumption ***/ton Air emissionRawore
Elect-ricity
Dieseloil
Heavyoil
NaturalGas Water CO2 SOx NOx
ton kWh ℓ ℓ kg ton kg kg kgSilica sand 38% 1.6 17.5 1.3 12.5 13 0.02 0.01
CO2 emission of transporting stage= 0.05 CO2-ton/glass-ton
5, Feb., 2008LCA/LCI in Thailand : 5-year experience under GMTAP12
1. Life cycle & Boundary of Flat Glassv. Usage stage and Discharging stage
Air pollution
(CO2, NOx)
Water pollution
(BOD,COD)
Solid wasteetc.
Flat Glass Production
Repairing
Recycle
Discharge
Energy
Raw materials
Wateretc.
Float glass
TemperingSputteringDouble Glazing,
Input Output
Transporting
Construction/Assembling
Fabricating
UseOther Industries
5, Feb., 2008LCA/LCI in Thailand : 5-year experience under GMTAP13
1. Life cycle & Boundary of Flat Glassv. Usage stage and Discharging stage
LCA; Its objectives are mainly to compare some optionsabout those environmental phase.
I show some sample of LCA about Flat Glass Products.
5, Feb., 2008LCA/LCI in Thailand : 5-year experience under GMTAP14
Contents
1. Life cycle & Boundary of Flat Glass2. LCA Sample 1; for New Product
~ LCA for “Eco-Glass” ~3. LCA Sample 2; for New Technology4. Conclusion ~ For Planet Earth
5, Feb., 2008LCA/LCI in Thailand : 5-year experience under GMTAP15
2. LCA for Eco-glass ~ Explanation of products ~
• What is “Eco-glass”?– High performance double glazing unit with
Low-E coated Glass for architectural useLow-E coating;Special metallic coating layer
Insulate Solar heat effectively
Prevent to escape “Warmth” with low thermal transmittance
Summer
Winter
5, Feb., 2008LCA/LCI in Thailand : 5-year experience under GMTAP16
2. LCA for Eco-glass ~ Objectives of LCA ~
Is “Eco-glass” really effective for global warming?– Its environmental burden is big.
• Twice amount of glass• Other material ( aluminum spacer, sealing material)• Complicated producing process
– It means quality loss at each process.– It means an additional transporting process.
We need to explain for our customer its environmental advantage by LCA
5, Feb., 2008LCA/LCI in Thailand : 5-year experience under GMTAP17
2. LCA for Eco-glass ~ Boundary ~
• Compare with– Current situation; Normal double glazing or
Single pane window with aluminum sash– “Eco-glass”; Low-E coated double glazing unit
• Compared inventory– CO2 emission
• Inventory data of each material– Flat Glass;
• Raw materials & Transporting process“How-to LCA=「LCA実務入門」 3. Case study of LCI for Container glass
• Production process for Flat Glass & Double glazing unitActual performance data of AGC group
– Other materials ( Sash, Spacer and Sealing materials )• LCA database of JEMAI
5, Feb., 2008LCA/LCI in Thailand : 5-year experience under GMTAP18
2. LCA for Eco-glass ~ Usage stage ~
How do we evaluate an environmental impact at usage stage?– based on data from Energy Conservation Effect by Insulating
Residential Windows—CO2 Emission Reduction by Using Low-E insulating double glazing (simulation with SMASHsoftware), a publication issued by the Flat Glass Manufacturers Association of Japan in March 2003.
(Source: Flat Glass Manufacturers Association of Japan website)
Ex.) *Controlled room temperature by air conditioner ;20℃ in winter, 26℃ in summer
* Season model of Tokyo; Summer; 22, June ~ 19, Sep., Winter; 2, Nov. ~ 22, Apr.
* Controlled time; 7AM ~ 23PM, ventilating every 2~3 hours
5, Feb., 2008LCA/LCI in Thailand : 5-year experience under GMTAP19
2. LCA for Eco-glass ~ House Model ~
Floor area / ㎡ 147.40ground-floor 81.15second-floor 66.25
Opening area / ㎡model 1 34.30model 2 41.44
Model 1; for cold regionModel 2; for warm region
Sample of model for single-family house
We use a model for complex housing also.
5, Feb., 2008LCA/LCI in Thailand : 5-year experience under GMTAP20
2. LCA for Eco-glass ~ Climate Model ~Compared model for each climate model
5, Feb., 2008LCA/LCI in Thailand : 5-year experience under GMTAP28
3. LCA for glass recycling from ELV~ Inventory ~
•Recycling Process•We developed and constructed a test facility.•We gathered the inventory data through recycling test.
Tomakomai
Sendai
YokohamaNagoya
Kitakyusyu
•Recovery Process for ELV cullet•ELV Dismantle trader at each prefectural capital
5 accumulation place by truckTomakomai, Sendai, Yokohama, Nagoya, Kitakyusyu
recycling plant in flat glass factory by bulk carrier near Nagoya
5, Feb., 2008LCA/LCI in Thailand : 5-year experience under GMTAP29
3. LCA for glass recycling from ELV~ Result ~
-2.0 -1.5 -1.0 -0.5 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5
CO2 emissionReduce Increase
Current situation
Target situation
Transporting
ShreddingLand-fill
Recycle Process
Expected amount of CO2 emission cutWe can reduce raw material mining, also.
Increased part
Melting Process
Reduced part
Transporting
5, Feb., 2008LCA/LCI in Thailand : 5-year experience under GMTAP30
Contents
1. Life cycle & Boundary of Flat Glass2. LCA Sample 1; for New Product3. LCA Sample 2; for New Technology4. Conclusion ~ For Planet Earth
5, Feb., 2008LCA/LCI in Thailand : 5-year experience under GMTAP31
4. Conclusion ~ For Planet Earth
1. Glass industry use relatively large amounts of resources and energy.
Ex. ~1.2 ton-CO2 emission / Glass 1ton
2. But glass industry can propose and offer Eco-friendly products in their Life cycle.Ex. Eco-glass (Low-E coated double glazing)
3. We should develop new products and new technology for planet earth through LCA. Especially, against for global warming issue that is urgent common problem for all over the world.
4. We should explain to our customer about LCI of our products through logical LCA.
5, Feb., 2008LCA/LCI in Thailand : 5-year experience under GMTAP32
END
Thank you for your attention!
5, Feb., 2008LCA/LCI in Thailand : 5-year experience under GMTAP33
How did we gather our inventory data?
• Reporting obligation– for research of industry dynamic state
to Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry• Reporting contents
– consumption of raw material and energy source ( Oil, Gas & Electricity )
– manufacturing quantity• Reporting path
– Industry group, Flat Glass Manufacturers Association of Japan, gathers, tallies up and reports.
⇒So, Flat Glass Manufacturers Association of Japan has already gripped its inventory data.
5, Feb., 2008LCA/LCI in Thailand : 5-year experience under GMTAP34
History of LCA -Beginning-
• AGC got a certification of ISO14001 in 1998 Feb.(next year of COP3 )
• In that time, I worked in R&D center of AGC.• We considered;
– What kind of activity of R&D will be useful to improve Environment impact?
• We concluded;– We should evaluate an environmental impact of our
developing products & production technologyand we should contribute to a sustainable society
• We made a plan to introduce LCA concept in the evaluation process of R&D theme.
5, Feb., 2008LCA/LCI in Thailand : 5-year experience under GMTAP35
History of LCA - Applications -• LCA for Eco-Glass;1997~
– SMASH program had been investigated already at Tokyo University.– An energy saving effect of several building materials was evaluated
using by SMASH program when Ministry of land, infrastructure andtransport of Japan made “Energy Saving Guideline for Future Generation Housing”. In that time, Flat Glass Industry cooperated in this project.
– LCA for Eco-Glass takes root in society in Japan gradually. We can appeal this result of eco-friendly performance of Eco-Glass at its sales.
• LCA for Glass recycling from ELV;2001– An automotive maker assessed LCA for new technologies of
automotive industry with cooperating of several element makers. AGC cooperated in this project ( Ex. Glass Recycling from ELV ).
• Others– LCA for Cover Glass of Solar module; 2007– LCA for recycling process of laminated glass, solar module;
2002~2007
5, Feb., 2008LCA/LCI in Thailand : 5-year experience under GMTAP36
Contents1. Introduction of ASAHI GLASS Co., Ltd.2. Life cycle & Boundary of Flat Glass3. LCA Sample of Flat Glass Products4. Conclusion ~ For Planet Earth
5, Feb., 2008LCA/LCI in Thailand : 5-year experience under GMTAP37
Contents1. Introduction of ASAHI GLASS Co., Ltd.
i. Business domainii. Company of AGC Groupiii. Group Vision iv. Environmental performance
2. Life Cycle & Boundary of Flat Glass3. LCA Sample of Flat Glass Products4. Conclusion ~ For Planet Earth
5, Feb., 2008LCA/LCI in Thailand : 5-year experience under GMTAP38
Account date: Dec., 2006
Board of Meeting/Management Committee
Flat Glass Company ; \ 515 Billion
Automotive Glass Company ; \ 301 Billion
Display Company ; \ 318 Billion
Chemicals Company ; \ 308 Billion
Electronics & Energy Company ; \ 162 Billion
We are committed to finding out just how pleasant glass can make life..
Our pursuit of safety led to this sophisticated glass.
Ensuring the biggest, brightest and most beautiful images
Technology developed in glass production is at work on the frontiers of electronics.of electronics.
Our commitment to pioneering new applications is expanding the envelope for new materials and performance chemicals.Others( Ceramics, Biochemical,… ) ; \ 84 Billion
Total Sales; \ 1,621 Billion
Allianz-Arena
1. Introduction of ASAHI GLASS Co., Ltd.i. Business domain
5, Feb., 2008LCA/LCI in Thailand : 5-year experience under GMTAP39
1. Introduction of ASAHI GLASS Co., Ltd.ii. Global Evolution
North America Europe Asia Japansubsidiary 27 98 44 AGC + 54
5, Feb., 2008LCA/LCI in Thailand : 5-year experience under GMTAP44
Contents1. Introduction of ASAHI GLASS Co., Ltd.2. Life cycle & Boundary of Flat Glass
i. Raw material stage ii. Production stageiii. Fabricating stageiv. Transporting stagev. Usage stage and Discharging stage
3. LCA Sample of Flat Glass Products4. Conclusion ~ For Planet Earth
5, Feb., 2008LCA/LCI in Thailand : 5-year experience under GMTAP45
Contents1. Introduction of ASAHI GLASS Co., Ltd.2. Life cycle & Boundary of Flat Glass3. LCA Sample of Flat Glass Products
i. LCA for Eco-glassii. LCA for glass recycling from ELV
4. Conclusion ~ For Planet Earth
5, Feb., 2008LCA/LCI in Thailand : 5-year experience under GMTAP46
Contents1. Introduction of ASAHI GLASS Co., Ltd.2. Life cycle & Boundary of Flat Glass3. LCA Sample of Flat Glass Products4. Conclusion ~ For Planet Earth