Humanitarian games for international social impact Guiding principles for collaboration and design of culturally-competent interactive interventions Lien Tran, MFA Assistant Professor of Interactive Media University of Miami @Lien T Lienbtran.com [email protected]
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Lien Tran - Humanitarian Games for International Social Impact: Guiding Principles for Collaboration and Design of Culturally-Competent Interactive Interventions
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Humanitarian games for international social impactGuiding principles for collaboration and design of culturally-competent interactive interventions
Lien Tran, MFA Assistant Professor of Interactive Media
• Simulation games as interactive, alternative to standard of care
• Players as active learners engaged in parallel play
• Opportunity to explore a real-world system, its objects (actors), and its relationships for enhanced problem-solving and informed decision-making
Humanitarian games As simulation
Humanitarian games for international social impactGuiding principles for collaboration and design of culturally-competent interactive interventions
• overview of two humanitarian game partnerships
• comparison of these partnerships and the game development process
• lessons learned, considerations for future humanitarian game collaborations
Por Nuestras Calles (Through Our Streets)
Uwezeshaji Kaya Kuhimili (Enabling Households to Withstand)
Game Designers Lien Tran Clay Ewing !Game Producers Pablo Suarez Janot Mendler de Suarez !World Bank Rasmus Heltberg Cecilia Costella John Elder !Tanzania Social Action Fund (TASAF) Barnabus Jachi Ali Mohamed Omari Malilo Sekela Mwakatumbula Mercy Mariki Patricia Matogo Amadeus Kamagenge
Social Development & Labor practice
Uwezeshaji Kaya Kuhimili (Enabling Households to Withstand)
client partner
funder
• To provide a safe space to explore the potential risks and benefits of a real-world economic development program
• To role play as subsistence farmers living below the poverty line
- measures that allow farmers to building resiliency to climate change and climate shocks, notably through the enrollment in PSSN
- how farmers can increase income through climate change adaptation (through labor and building of community assets) and therefore curb harmful coping mechanisms such as selling assets, pulling children out of school, etc.
• To make an informed decision whether it is beneficial to enroll in the PSSN
TASAF: Game objectives
0: Establishing relationships (Spring 2011 - Fall 2011)
1: Formative research // design brief (Fall 2011)
2: Design and playtest of initial prototype (January 2012)
3: Game session with TASAF // client buy-in (April 2012)
4: Game adaptation with client, in-country (July 2012)
5: Preparations for facilitator training (August - October 2012)
6: Training of facilitators by project team, in-country (November 2012)
TASAF: Project phases
Game prototype commissioned by the World Bank with “goal of synthesizing knowledge on the role of social protection for
managing climate-related risks and conveying it in a manner that is
compelling and motivates behavior change by program officers and
other stakeholders”
Simulation game for behavior change by stakeholders
January 2012
April 2012
[TASAF] (and [we at the Bank]) see the game as an engaging and creative way to create awareness and foster enthusiasm for TASAF and its new productive social safety net program, develop understanding of program goals and mechanisms, and to engage and educate on climate change and SP. The game moves the dialogue from abstract concepts to the concrete, and makes people see solutions.
The validity of the core elements of the game were confirmed during our field visit these last few days to the Dodoma area which is badly affected by drought and where the conversation is all about community water assets and household asset/livelihood building and diversification in response. Beneficiaries of the TASAF CCT pilot has used the money for....guess what...chickens and goats and schooling for their kids. The TASAF staff member accompanying us to the field had played the game and was using all the concepts and explaining them to other colleagues. She said she has "seen the light"! The game resonated, with us and with her!
”
“
April 2012
“The Government found that the game would be a useful tool to assist
TASAF in rolling out the [national] PSSN Project, explain the
objectives, and foster understanding and enthusiasm for the ways in
which the PSSN can support resilience and graduation [from poverty]”
Game-based intervention to raise knowledge and understanding of PSSN
1 Introduction to TASAF management and mission team
2 Game session + workshop: TASAF mission team (6) + Tran (designer)
3 Playtest #1: TASAF personnel, facilitated by Tran (12)
4 Update game components; draft rules, facilitation guide
5 Playtest #2: district council from 2 villages, facilitated by Tran (11)
6 Iteration: simplified and made game system more relevant to TASAF
7 Playtest #3: with villagers, facilitated by TASAF, debrief (12)
8 Iteration: based on previous play test, status meeting with Bank personnel
9 Playtest #4: with villagers, facilitated by TASAF, debrief (18)
10 Updated facilitation and game components
11 Trial training workshop facilitated by Tran with 10 district staff members
12 Playtest #5: with villagers, facilitated by 2 members of district council (24)
13 Iteration: reviewed play test feedback and made modification
14 Game session with TASAF management facilitated by Tran; presentation on mission
Game adaptation phaseJuly 5-19, 2012 in Tanzania (testing system, content, aesthetics, logistics, facilitation, etc.)
Good facilitation is essentialRelating in-game events to intervention goals
play observe game assistant
co-facilitator facilitator
Facilitating to player concernsRisk and risk mitigation
Lessons learned
Invest in childrenSave money Invest in environmental protectionRun a good farm with crop and livestockMake good investment decisions
In partnership with the Directorate of Protection and Special Services (DIPRO) of the National Police of Colombia under the leadership of Brigadier General William Rene Salamanca
Protection of: - Persons and facilities - Children and adolescents - Environment and natural
resources - Tourism and national
heritage
Lien Tran, Assistant Professor
Maria Elena Villar, Associate Professor
Jessica Wendorf, PhD Student
Por Nuestras Calles (Through Our Streets)
Research Team
Funder
Client partner
Of the 18 million children in Colombia at least 35,000 are linked to sexual exploitation.
(ICBF *, “Colombian Institute of Family Welfare”, 2014)
* Instituto Colombiano de Bienestar Familiar
Child victims in Colombia
Presently, child prostitution represents a significant global problem, with an estimated 1 million children forced into prostitution each year, contributing to an industry that generates over US$20 billion or more yearly.
• To provide a safe space to discuss a serious, risky issue
• To allow players to gain understanding of a social issue from differing viewpoints through role-play
• To enable conversation about possible solutions from the viewpoint of the assigned role (not the individual preferences)
• Increase potential of players to recognize signs, stop the facilitation of CSEC, and report suspicious acts
Por Nuestras Calles: Game objectives
• Appeal to Colombia’s collectivist culture and their concern to care for those must vulnerable in effort to de-stigmatize and address CSEC
• Game (including narrative) as a simulation of Colombian children and youth’s reality, therefore based on interviews and data collected in the field
• Game scenarios must be considered authentic by a general Colombian public (regardless of demographics, economic status, or region)
• Simple gameplay and visual/written language that could be understood by a general Colombian public (dialect, literacy, etc.)
• Based on communication theories that could be evaluated
Por Nuestras Calles: Considerations
Identification1
2
3
Through gameplay, players: • will increase awareness of CSEC as a national issue • will learn to recognize signs of CSEC in their environment • will remind them of their responsibility as Colombians to protect the most
vulnerable
PreventionThrough gameplay, players: • will understand their role in enabling, facilitating or preventing CSEC • will gain knowledge of the resources available to protect children and
adolescents at risk
ReportingThrough gameplay, players: • know how to report a case of CSEC to the appropriate party (parties) • know how to seek help for children and adolescents who are being exploited
Pillars of Understanding about CSEC
0: Establishing relationships and project concept (Fall 2013 – Spring 2014)