Library Tech and Biz Update Marshall Breeding Independent Consultant, Author, and Founder and Publisher, Library Technology Guides

Library Tech and Biz Update

Marshall BreedingIndependent Consultant, Author, andFounder and Publisher, Library Technology Guideshttp://librarytechnology.org/http://twitter.com/mbreeding

28 October 2015 Internet Librarian 2015 

#internetlibrarian 

Description

The success of libraries depends to a large extent on the technology tools that it has in place to manage and provide access to collections and to automate operations. Breeding discusses the current library technology industry, highlighting the major trends in systems and the companies that develop and support these tools.

Library Technology Guides

www.librarytechnology.

org

Business and Industry Trends

Library Technology Industry Reports

2014: Strategic Competition and Cooperation

2015: Operationalizing Innovation

2013: Rush to Innovate 2012: Agents of Change 2011: New Frontier 2010: New Models, Core

Systems 2009: Investing in the Future 2008: Opportunity out of turmoil 2007: An industry redefined 2006: Reshuffling the deck 2005: Gradual evolution 2004: Migration down,

innovation up 2003: The competition heats up 2002: Capturing the migrating

customer

American Libraries Library Journal

Library Systems Report 2015“Operationalizing innovation”

http://americanlibrariesmagazine.org/2015/05/01/library-systems-report/

Industry Revenues

$1.8 billion global industry

$805 million from companies involved in the US

$495 million from US Libraries

Business Climate

Generally growing and profitable Able to attract interest of large risk-

adverse investors Long-term prospects matter more than

short-term profitability Ex Libris speculated to have lower

profitability due to higher R&D costs, but deemed a good long-term investment

Ownership models

Private Equity Innovative (HCCG, JMI) SirsiDynix (ICV)

Family owned Follett EBSCO ProQuest (Snyder / Goldman Sachs)

Ex Libris – A ProQuest Company Membership owned

OCLC

Mergers and Acquisitionshttp://librarytechnology.org/mergers

Personnel Resources 2014

Innovative Interfaces, Inc.

Transition from founder to Investor ownership

Global expansion Acquisition of Polaris Acquisition of VTLS Evolutionary development model

SirsiDynix

Product of decades of consolation of directly competing ILS Companies: Sirsi > Dynix > DRA > Inlex > MultiLIS >

NOTIS > Ameritech > epixtech > DataPhase

Transition of ownership: Vista Equity Partners > ICV

Hybrid development: Legacy + BLUEcloud

Bibliotheca acquires 3M Library Services

Intellident (UK) Bibliotheca RFID (Europe) ITG (US) Aturis Group (Belgium, Netherlands,

Germany) MultiSystems (partnership in Brazil) 3M Library Services

Bibliotheca e-book strategy

Continue and rebrand 3M Cloud Library Fold nascent opus into Cloud Library

Expand from US to International Overdrive still dominant provider of

library e-books

Increased vertical integrationCompanies offer ever more broad scope of products and services

Trend:

Overlap between Content and Technology

Content companies ever more deeply extended into resource management and discovery technologies

Technology companies involved in content creation and integration E-resource Knowledgebases (Journal level) Discovery indexes (Article level) Content companies well positioned to

create knowledge bases and indexes

Acquisition of Ex Libris by ProQuest Still primarily a content company Full arsenal of resource management

products (“workflow solutions”) Alma Intota Analytics 360 Suite (core, Link)

Discovery Services Primo Summon

ProQuest

Database creation and aggregation ProQuest Platform

Print acquisition pipeline: Couts, MyiLibrary Academic E-books: ebrary + EBL = Ebook

Central Discovery Technology: Summon Resource management

360 Resource Manager 360 Link Intota (Print + electronic)

EBSCO Information Services

Subject Indexing: EBSCO databases Content aggregation: EBSCOhost platform Discovery Technology: EBSCO Discovery

Service Print acquisition pipeline: YBP, GOBI3 Serials Acquisition pipeline

EBSCO Subscription Services E-books (academic) Resource management / workflow strategy

Integrate with all Library Management Systems

Open source and Open Access Open source development of platform

services Open source infrastructure components Open APIs to expose platform services Knowledge base components

Open access Community maintained Adequately resourced

Open Systems

Achieving openness has risen as the key driver behind library technology strategies

Libraries need to do more with their data Ability to improve customer experience and

operational efficiencies Demand for Interoperability Open source – full access to internal

program of the application Open API’s – expose programmatic

interfaces to data and functionality

Open Source Automation Systems Koha

smaller public and academic libraries Used for some consortia (SKLS)

Evergreen Designed for Library Consortia

Kuali OLE Designed for large research libraries

Development Timeline for Library Services Platforms

Changing models of Resource Sharing

BibliographicDatabase

Library System

Branch 1

Branch 2

Branch 3

Branch 4

Branch 5

Branch 6

Branch 7

Branch 8

Holdings

Main Facility

Search:

Integrated Library System

Patrons useCirculation featuresto request itemsfrom other branches

Floating Collectionsmay reduce workload forInter-branchtransfers

Model:Multi-branchIndependentLibrary System

BibliographicDatabase

Library System A

Branch 1

Branch 2

Branch 3

Branch 4

Branch 5

Branch 6

Branch 7

Branch 8

HoldingsMain Facility

BibliographicDatabase

Library System B

Branch 1

Branch 2

Branch 3

Branch 4

Branch 5

Branch 6

Branch 7

Branch 8

HoldingsMain Facility

BibliographicDatabase

Library System C

Branch 1

Branch 2

Branch 3

Branch 4

Branch 5

Branch 6

Branch 7

Branch 8

HoldingsMain Facility

BibliographicDatabase

Library System D

Branch 1

Branch 2

Branch 3

Branch 4

Branch 5

Branch 6

Branch 7

Branch 8

HoldingsMain Facility

BibliographicDatabase

Library System F

Branch 1

Branch 2

Branch 3

Branch 4

Branch 5

Branch 6

Branch 7

Branch 8

HoldingsMain Facility

BibliographicDatabase

Library System E

Branch 1

Branch 2

Branch 3

Branch 4

Branch 5

Branch 6

Branch 7

Branch 8

HoldingsMain Facility

Resource Sharing Application

BibliographicDatabase

Discovery and Request Management Routines

Staff Fulfillment Tools

Inter-System Communications

NCIP

SIP ISO ILL

Z39.50

NCIP

NCIP

NCIP

NCIP

NCIP

NCIP

Search:

Consortial Resource Sharing System

BibliographicDatabase

Shared Consortia System

Library 2

Library 3

Library 4

Library 5

Library 7

Library 8

Library 9

Library 10

Holdings

Library 1 Library 6

Shared Consortial ILS

Search:

Model:Multipleindependentlibraries in aConsortiumShare an ILS

ILS configuredTo supportDirect consortialBorrowing throughCirculation Module

Benefits of shared infrastructure Increased cooperation and resource

sharing Collaborative collection management Lower costs per institution Greater universe of content readily

available to patrons Avoid add-on components for union

catalog and resource requests and routing

Shared infrastructure Projects Orbis Cascade WHELF South Australia Ireland Public

Libraries JULAC

California State University

University System of Georgia

Complete Florida Plus Program

University of Wisconsin system

Library and Tech Trends

Fundamental trends in Academic Libraries

Increased diversity and complexity of collections: Electronic, Digital, Print

Collection budgets skewed toward subscriptions to electronic content resources (~70-95%)

Personnel resources disproportionately allocated to supporting print

Demand for strong integration with campus infrastructure (Authentication, Financial, Student, VLE)

Involvement with Research Data Emphasis on role in student learning performance Increase impact and lower costs through collaboration

Academic Tech Trends

Comprehensive Resource Management Library Services Platforms

Article-level index-based discovery Discoverability beyond library-provided

interfaces Open Linked Data; Schema.org, BIBFRAME,

API ecosystem Declining, but targeted investments in

RFID

Public Library Trends

Print collections remain strong Circ transactions many multiples higher

than academics Collection Budgets skewed toward print E-book lending a routine service

Minority component of collection budget Deep satisfaction with pricing and business

models offered by publishers

Public Tech Trends

Model of the Library Management system persists Gradual evolution toward Web-based interfaces No current offerings based on true multi-tenant

platforms Programs and services designed to

strengthen patron engagement Hosted: Managed services RFID-based self-service routine for mid-sized

to large public libraries (uneven by international region)

E-book lending

High demand for integration technologies

E-book lending fully blended within the library’s own online catalog or discovery interface

Simple selection, download, and reading of e-books

Librarians demand fair pricing models Publishers continue to fear impact on sales Impose policies that create more friction

Functionality Trends

Legacy: Fragmented Environment

Integrated Library System for management of (mostly) print Duplicative financial systems between library and university Electronic Resource Management E-Resource knowledge base and Link Resolver A-Z e-journal lists and other finding aids Interlibrary loan (borrowing and lending) Digital Collections Management platforms (CONTENTdm,

DigiTool, etc.) Separate systems for archival materials and special collections Discovery-layer services for broader access to library

collections No effective integration services / interoperability among

disconnected systems, non-aligned metadata schemes

Cycles of fragmentation > unification

Early Phase: Modular automation Integrated Library Systems Proliferation of systems to manage

electronic resources and digital collections

Current unification phase: library services platforms bring together print and electronic resource management

Next phase? Bring archival and digital assets under common management platform

Library Services Platform

Library-specific software. Technical infrastructure to help libraries automate their internal operations, manage collections, fulfillment requests, and deliver services

Services Services-oriented architecture Exposes Web services and other API’s Facilitates the services libraries offer to their users

Platform General infrastructure for library automation Consistent with the concept of Platform as a Service Library programmers address the APIs of the platform to

extend functionality, create connections with other systems, dynamically interact with data

Library Services Platforms – Functional

Manages electronic and print formats of materials

Replaces multiple incumbent products Extensive Metadata Management Multiple procurement workflows Knowledgebases Built-in collection analytics Decision support for collection

development

Library Services Platforms – Technical

Beyond Client/Server Computing Multi-tenant platforms Web-based interfaces Services-oriented architecture Exposes APIs for extensibility and

interoperability Interoperable

Con

solid

ate

d in

dex

Unified Presentation LayerSearch:

Digital Coll

ProQuest

EBSCO…

JSTOR

Other Resour

ces

New Library Management Model

`

API Layer

Library Services Platform

LearningManageme

nt

LearningManageme

nt

Enterprise ResourcePlanning

Enterprise ResourcePlanning

StockManageme

nt

StockManageme

nt

Self-Check /

Automated Return

Self-Check /

Automated Return

Authentication

Service

Authentication

Service

Smart Cad /

Payment systems

Smart Cad /

Payment systems

Discovery

Service

Library Services Platform Installations

Production installations as of December 2014

Product Installations

2014 Sales

Sierra 495 123

Alma 406 43

WorldShare Management Services

303 79

Kuali OLE 2 10

Intota 0 21

Web-scale Index-based Discovery

Search:

Digital Collections

Web Site ContentInstitution

al Repositori

es

…E-Journals

Reference Sources

Search Results

Pre-built harvesting and indexing

Conso

lidate

d In

dex

ILS Data

Aggregated Content packages

(2009- present)

Usage-generate

dData

Customer

Profile

Discovery Service Statistics

Discovery Product 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014InstalledEBSCO Discovery Service 1774 2634 8246

Primo 506 111 101 98 88 1529

Encore 56 72  36

Summon 164 214 158 195 697

WorldCat Discovery 2085

Resource Management ModelsCategory Integrated

Library SystemProgressive

integrated library System

Library Services Platform

Resources managed

Physical Print, electronic Electronic, Physical

Technology platform

Server-based Server-based Multi-tenant SaaS

Knowledgebases None None e-holdings, bibliographic

Patron interfaces Browser-based Browser-based Browser-based

Staff interfaces Graphical Desktop (Java Swing, Windows, Mac OS)

Browser-based Browser-based

Procurement models

Purchase Purchase, license license

Hosting option Local install, ASP Local install, ASP Saas Only

Interoperability Batch transfer, proprietary API

Batch transfer, RESTful APIs,

APIs (mostly RESTful)

Products SirsiDynix Symphony, Millennium, Polaris

Sierra, SirsiDynix Symphony/BLUEcloud, Polaris, Apollo

WorldShare Management Services, Alma, ProQuest Intota, Sierra, Kuali OLE

Development strategy

Brownfield Brownfield Greenfield (mixed)

Web-scale Index-based Discovery

Search:

Digital Collections

Web Site ContentInstitution

al Repositori

es

…E-Journals

Reference Sources

Search Results

Pre-built harvesting and indexing

Conso

lidate

d In

dex

ILS Data

Aggregated Content packages

(2009- present)

Usage-generate

dData

Customer

Profile

Discovery Beyond Library-provided Interfaces

Reality that most discovery happens external to library

Improve discoverability of library resources Locally: through incorporation of SEO and

semantic encoding Especially schema.org

Globally: OCLC, Google Scholar and other services

Discovery beyond Library Interfaces

Improved performance of library content through Google Scholar Same expectations for transparency?

Better exposure of library-oriented content Schema.org or other microdata formats

Better exposure of scholarly resources Open access & Proprietary

Embedded tools in other campus interfaces

Developing Ecosystems of APIs Strategically and operationally essential

for platforms to be extensible and interoperable

APIs provide technical mechanism Accessibly by library or campus

programmers

APIs as Competitively differentiating factor

Functional scope Documentation and training License Model Community or Development

Environment

Library Technologies Penetrating into the Campus Enterprise

Dynamic interchange of data with campus business systems

Patron records from Student information systems Financial data to ERP or Finance systems Single sign-on via campus authentication

services Integration with Learning Management Systems

Resource pages at the course level Appropriately scoped search tools Reading list management

Defense of Patron Privacy

Library ethics require protection of patron privacy

Avoid exposing reading, browsing, and search behavior of patrons

Increased expectation to encrypt all patron activity

Avoid exposure to advertising networks

Library Technologists

Shifting from Infrastructure to services Less time devoted to general technical

infrastructure: network and server hardware, operating systems, security frameworks, application installation and maintenance

More time devoted to developing new services based on APIs exposed by library and campus platforms

Conclusions

General Society and Scholarly environment has changed

Library collections now more complex than ever Fragmented environments and legacy applications

have negative impact on a library’s ability to fulfill its mission

Library services platforms and index-based discovery services now routine and maturing products

These components provide a basic infrastructure to build a new future for technology-based library services

Questions and discussion