425 Amer J of Potato Res (2001) 78:425-4:31 Liberator: A Round White Chip-processing Variety with Resistance to Scab D. S. Douches'*, K. Jastrzebski', J. Coombs', R. W. Chase', R. HanUllersctunicl V, and W. W. Kirk" 'Dq,l. nf Crup and 5011 SciencE's, Michigan Slate University, E. uU1Sing, M1481)2'1 "i BOlan}' and Plant 1 'ctthology, iVlidllgan State Un.iversity, E. LanSlJ1g, MI4&lZ'1. author' S, PhoJl'" :s 17 PAX 517-353-5174, douchesd@msl! eclu ABSTRACT Liberator is a round wllite ch..ip-processing selection with medium-high specific gravity and resistance to scab (Streptomyces scabies Tllaxter). The tubers will chip process out 0 r the field and Fro m 10 C 15 torage. Th e tu ber appearance is si.milal" to Norcltip. Pust-harvest tuber tests indicate a tolerance to fusariuIIl dl")' rot. Liberator was tested in the North. Ceutral Regional Trials and the '\'ation.al. Snack Food Association Trials. Under irrigated conditions the yield and specific gravity are ::;imilar to Snowden and Atlantic. Liberator has a full-season "ine mat'.lrity that is similar to Snowden and tuber donnancy equal to AtIa ntic. RESUMEN Liberator es una variedad de papa de tllbcrculos redondos y blancos para procesamiento; neue de mediana a alta gravedad especifica y es resistente a la sarna (Streptomyces scabies Thaxh'r). Los tuberculos pueden ser procesaUos para chips inmediat.arnente despues de ser cosechados 0 despues de ser almacellados a 10 C. La aparencia de los tuberculos es similar a la varied ad Norchip. Los tuberculos recien cosechados SOIl resistentes a la pudrici6n por fusariuH1. Liberator fue evaluado en experimentos de la Region Central Norte de los Estados Unidos Y poria Asociaci6n National de Snack Food. Esta variedad posee un alto rcndimiento y una gravedad especi- fica si milar a Snowden y Atlantic en cultivo irrigado. Tiene tambien lIIaduracion media t::I.rdia, similar a Snow- den, y domlancia eQllivalente a Atlantic. ,'\cceplt"d for pu ill;, 1. ADDITIONAL I(Et WOW);;: S()IU7IVHI t"h(;)tls/u!l., p0tato. SII'f'ploTfl!lcCS sC(Jbir:s. BACKGROUND Lit l( 'l"atDr is a new rowld white chip-proCf',-,,,,ing potato vari- ety (So/.(I'n:um luberoswn L) developed at Michigan State Uni- verSIty WiUI resistance to scab (SlreplomyclJs scabies Thaxter). LIberator was evaluatt>o <1..<; s",edling number MSA09 L -1. It is a selection from a cross made in 1988 betwl'en the moderately scab-resislant breeding tine MS702-80 and chip-processing \"rol- ety Norchip (Johansen et aI. IH69) for the purvose of brel.,Jin,'! s,'db-resistant ng v;uielies. TIle name Uhlr<ltor was chosen to acknowledge the resistance to scab in this round white chip-processing vcuiety. Liberator IS a round white chip-processing variety with a medium set of brighl.-skirmed t.Ul>(TS similar in appear,ull'e to Norchip (Figun:' I). The tubers have a low level of internal defects. ';1\e plimary strength of this variety is its suong resis- lance to scab combined with chip-processing quality. Another sl n 'I' gt II of Liberator is lhat Ille tubers have a 1<.'\ d r.oler;:Ulce to fllsarimll dry rot simjlar to Sr Iflwdell. Libemtor was tested in thr North ('Piltral Regional Trials and lhe National Snack food Association Trials Under inigated conditiOIlS. tIll' yield ,md src>- cilk gravity an? similar to SnO\\'{len and At.hntk wilJl virl<? matu- rity similar to Snowden, The pedigree of Liher<ltor is descnh('cl in fignre 2. The seedling generation was grown in 1988, followed by two yew:. of selecUon and sepd muWplication 0.1', Ill", Cl<JIkS\illf' Horticultural E>..l)eriment Statioll, Cbl'ks\ille. !vir. Sillce HJD2, seed incn:::lse was r('located to the Lake ('icY Experimellt Sta- (.ion, Since 199;1, Liberator has been tested in rerlicat.ed <1.::,ro- nomic trials <1t lJH> Mont(',tlm Research Farm, Enlrican. MI. and ill the scab nursery at the Michigan State University Soils F:llm, East LaJlSing. i'vI r. In 19m it was enl I'red into I',Ulll trials in Mwllj· g.Ul, Wlct then in 1999 was placed i.nto cOlllmerci;u seed produc- Uon. VARIETAL DESCRIPTION Plant Vine and Foliage: GnJ1vlil habit: lVkdiw'l 10 lall height, spreading vdlll a balance between stems .mel. fohage \lS-
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425 Amer J of Potato Res (2001) 78:425-4:31
Liberator: A Round White Chip-processing Variety with Resistance to Scab
D. S. Douches'*, K. Jastrzebski', J. Coombs', R. W. Chase', R. HanUllersctunicl V, and W. W. Kirk"
'Dq,l. nf Crup and 5011 SciencE's, Michigan Slate University, E. uU1Sing, M1481)2'1
U~jll "i BOlan}' and Plant 1'ctthology, iVlidllgan State Un.iversity, E. LanSlJ1g, MI4&lZ'1.
1997 23,6 28,2 84 14 71 llJ :3 1080 :3 () l27 days 1!)!)8 45.J 497 91 8 77 l:) I 1 USI S 0 1:33 days 19()(l :363 ,111:1 87 11 76 II :.1 1090 :, I l-m days
2000 4liB 5J9 87 7 59 ,)~ ~, G 1.086 8 '2 140 days
Meall :380 ,1;3.4 87 10 n 15 :] 1.087 :)
Snowden
1997 158 24,8 64 :30 6:3 I 0 IOSJ (J 0 127 d<l.vs lflflS ;J7,') 4:l8 BG 14 80 6 I 1075 '2 Il 1:3:.J (lays
19"Q '27,7 :3,~,2 79 21 74 4 I 1.080 0 il 140 days 201J1J 4J,5 40,<:> s..q II 78 11 0 1.(0) 1 0 H6 days
Mean 30,6 :37,6 80 21 ~ .. \ ,... 6 1.081 0
'Size Distribution: B: <: 5.1 c:m, A: 5.1 - 83 cm, OV: > 83cm, PO: PiCkOU1S ·Tub0r ().,wity· HH Hollow He,U1. IBS: InkrnaJ Brown Spot 111 Imber of tubers Ivith HH or IBS in .j.() oversize (>8:1 em) tuben;
tliab low 1)1 :rcemages of cull tubers were observed (2'Yu-8"Io). The TABLE 4-Yield and specific gmv-Uy of Liberator/rom {he
majolity of these tubers were misshapen, In the 1098 North Cenl .....orlh CenlTal Regional. Potalo 7hals,
tral Regional Trials with inigation, Uberator's perfonnance was Yield (Mlha) Percent Specific similar to Snowden and Atlamic, but In 1999 the market~ble
Entry llSiil Total 1lS#1 GWVlty Maturity' yield was lower (73%) (Table 4). In bOUl years, Lhe vi ftc' II ',at wity
between varieties was si.milar. in the 1999 Snack Food Associau:m8 -4 Locations tion Trials, LiberalOJ' had higher yield than Snowden ,md was
l.Jber~tor <112 452 88 1086 3<1 Atlantic 39,9 46,1 89 1,091 3,;:; comparable to AUanlic Cfable 5). Uberalor was i.nduded in on
Snowdell .11 fl 466 s..q 1.089 3.4 fann mal" in lvfJchigan lnlm 1997 to 2000. Table 6 summarizes
1999, 9 Locc'llon.s the agronomic perfomwllce of four locations. II ,.;hou lei be not ('d
Liberator 28,7 :38.8 7-3 1.086 3,7 that agronomIC perfomlanCf~ of Liberator was only observed al 114 3 ')Atlantic 379 82 1.091 inigated sites with sandy loam soil types.
Snowden :)1,1 4:35 &1 1087 '10 Chip-processing quality of Liberator was assessed 011 lubers 2000 - ,5 Locations from the North CI'J11 [,t! RI'gional Trials. Table 7A compan's lib
!'lberator '1:.',:3 46.2 91 1.089 3.4 enItor to AUanlic and Snowden. In 1998 the chip color of Uber0').\: lantic '1'1.2 477 1091 :3.:3
alor was equivalent to Atlantic and Snowden i.ll out-of-the-field::;nowden 4:18 480 em 1088 34 and 10 C storage samples, bul clarker t1':Ul Snowdrn from 5,7 C
*Matunly Rallllg storage (basvd on Ule aWlage of fOUf locati, ,ns) [n 1999, si III iLt r Ratings: I - 5
results were found from samples over eighl locations. In the1: Early (villes completely dead) 5: Late (vigorous vme: some !lowering) Michlg."lJl StatE' Unin'fSlty Trials and the Snack Fuuel Assoda
'OTF, Out or IIw field. 'H\mter v(l1ues pro~ided by lfSD.<\-AR5- PA Potato Research Work;lu' at &1st Grand Fork:s, MN, 'VISUal Ralmg uslIlg 1.h" Snack Food ASSO"];1l.1C'" Scale (1-5),
ffSUJ(S from out.-01~U1€'-liddsanlples. Again chip coJor scores for
Liberator were comparable to tl1e checks. Figure 3 shows a sam
ple of Liberator chips from long-t,t>nn 9 C storage compared (,0
Dakola Pearl from the 1999 SF1\. Trial in Michlg,nl.
To E'valuat.e blackspot bruise, two 25-tuber samples wen"
collected (<I composij(' of four replications) from each line and
VanE'/)' at the Montcalm Rpsearch Faun at the I irne of grading.
TABLE 7B---Relative compwison ojchip CO{o1' 'values' from
S1Wck Food Association Trials.
Vlca(jon
Entry Flonda Millne Permsyl'-<lIUa tlUchir:'lj\ Washington
FIGURE 3. 1999-2000 SFA Crop 'l'rial commercial storage samples of Liberator (MSA091-1) and Dakota. Pearl. Tuber samples were stored at 48°F (9°C). Chips with interllaJ or extemal defects (dish on the right) were separated from dcfeet-free chlps (dish on tIle left).
One sample was placed in 10 C storage overnight and then ttun per tuber and 25o/<>4D% bruise-free tubers are typical of an inter
bled in a hexagon plywood dru\ll 10 times to smmlate bruise meltiate level of bruising in our procedure, Bruising levels of
conducive cOJlditions, The other 25-tuber check sample was greater than 1.5 bruises per tuber and less than 20% bruise free
held at room temperature. After holding the samples at amhient are classified as Olore sensitive to bruising dwing handling. Each
indoor temperatures for 3 wk, the tubers were peeled in an abra year a sample of ttlbers that are not ttUnbled as describE'd above
sive peeler and indi",dual tubers were assessed for the nurl1b~r (check sample) are also evaluated {or blackspot brllising. The
01' blackspot bruises on each potato. These data from 1998 and incidence of blackspot bruising in the check sanlple was very
:2000 are shol-\11 in Table b. The bnlisE' data are representE'd in low for Uberator (Table 8).
two ways: percentage of bnrise-free potatoes and average num
ber of bruises p€r tuber. Liberator h<tS blackspot susceptibility ELECTROPHORETIC PATTERNS sinlilar to Atl3Jlt.iC and SlIowden. This range of 0.0-1.2 bnrises
Leaf tissue was sampled from Liberator to con
struct an el~ctrophoretkfingerprint. The proceduresTAULE 8-B/cu:k-spol. bruise results oj '~<\. "-size tuber samplP...s.
and alleliC' designations used are according to Douches 1998 1999 2000 and Ludlam (1991). The transcript for 10 enzynle loci is
CHEMISTRY 'Tuber s;lITlples were coU"'!:ic-d at harvest. graded, and held until evaluation. Samples were abrasive-peeled and scored. Total tuber glycoalkaJoids (TGA) w~re llleasured Tuber samples WelX' collected:it. harves~, held al 10 C at least 12 hr. and placed UI a
on tubers coUecled at harvt:.'S(. from 1997 to 2000, Thesesix-sirled plY'..'oorl drum and Ntated len ames to prOQuce ~imula1.ed bruising, Samples were abra.slv(>-p€eled <lJld scored. samples wen' sent to either Dr. Ken Deahl at the
2001 DOUCHES, c/, aL: UBERATOli 4Jl
TABl.E 9-7'o/,((l glycoalkaIJYi<l~' (mg I lOOg PWj from Jalllwr/Jestqr{ tubers.