LHC experiments starting with the p-pbar community in 1986 24-04-09 Global collaboration Hans Hoffmann, CERN honorary 1
Mar 28, 2015
LHC experiments starting with the p-pbar community in 1986
24-04-09 Global collaboration Hans Hoffmann, CERN honorary 1
24-04-09 Global collaboration Hans Hoffmann, CERN honorary 3
Observe the collisions
CMS
24-04-09 4Global collaboration Hans Hoffmann, CERN honorary
LHC Experiments
ATLAS, CMS:- Higgs boson(s)- SUSY particles- more dimensions?
ALICE:Quark Gluon Plasma
LHC-B:- CP violation in B
24-04-09 5Global collaboration Hans Hoffmann, CERN honorary
24-04-09 Global collaboration Hans Hoffmann, CERN honorary 6
Example: Technologies’ watch
From CERN IT
Maximum use of everybody’s knowledge
24-04-09 Global collaboration Hans Hoffmann, CERN honorary 7
LOI letter of intent 1992
TP technical proposal 1994
MOU memorandum of understanding “construction”
M&O MOU operation MOU
2003
RD3
RD34
RD6RD13
RD27RD20
RDxx
RDyy
Conception Phase
Design Phase
Construction Phase
Exploitation Phase
Beam 2009
TDRs technical design reports from 1996
ASCOT
EAGLE
ATLAS only
ATLAS OrganizationJanuary 2009
ATLAS Plenary Meeting
Collaboration Board(Chair: K. Jon-And
Deputy: G. Herten)
Resources ReviewBoard
Spokesperson(F. Gianotti2 Deputies)
Technical Coordinator
(M. Nessi)
Resources Coordinator(M. Nordberg)
Executive Board
CB Chair AdvisoryGroup
Inner Detector(L. Rossi)
Tile Calorimeter(B. Stanek)
Magnet System(H. ten Kate)
ComputingCoordination
(D. Barberis,D. Quarrie)
Data Prep.Coordination
(C. Guyot)
LAr Calorimeter(I. Wingerter-Seez)
Muon Instrumentation
(L. Pontecorvo)
Trigger/DAQ( C. Bee,
L. Mapelli)
ElectronicsCoordination
(P. Farthouat)
PhysicsCoordination
(D. Charlton)
AdditionalMembers
(T. Kobayashi,M. Tuts, A. Zaitsev)
Commissioning/Run Coordinator
(T. Wengler)
TriggerCoordination
(N. Ellis)
24-04-09 8Global collaboration Hans Hoffmann, CERN honorary
Last years’ ATLAS meetings
24-04-09 CERN in everyday life H F Hoffmann CERN honorary 9
Global collaboration Hans Hoffmann, CERN honorary24-04-09
“Virtual” international big science laboratoryFunded, supervised by ~50 funding agencies
10
37 Countries 169 Institutions 2800 Scientific Authors (1850 with a PhD)1200Technical personsThousands of industrial
relations
ATLAS (Spokesperson Fabiola Gianotti)Number of scientists: 2100
Number of institutes: 167
Number of countries: 37
24-04-09 11Global collaboration Hans Hoffmann, CERN honorary
The ATLAS Cavern24-04-09 12Global collaboration Hans Hoffmann, CERN honorary
24-04-09 13Global collaboration Hans Hoffmann, CERN honorary
The ATLAS Cavern24-04-09 14Global collaboration Hans Hoffmann, CERN honorary
Assembly CMS
24-04-09 Global collaboration Hans Hoffmann, CERN honorary 15
24-04-09M.Nessi
ATLAS
Global collaboration Hans Hoffmann, CERN honorary 16
24-04-09 Global collaboration Hans Hoffmann, CERN honorary 17
Trajectographe à silicium
Des capteurs en silicium très finement segmentés (rubans et pixels) permettent de suivre la trajectoire des particuleset de mesurer leur impulsion
Comparable à un appareil photo à 70 millions de pixels prenant 40 millions de clichés par seconde!
But: mesurer les trajectoires & l’ impulsion des particules chargées
Tracker
EM calorimeter 80 000 xtals, lead tungsten oxide, 80% metal: transparent
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Trigger and Dataflow40 MHz
Pattern
Time16 Million channels3 Gigacell buffers Charge
100 kHz
s Level 1
1 kHz
ms Level 2
100 Hz
sec
100 Gigabit/s
Level 3
1000 Gigabit/s
Read Out Buffers200 Gigabytes
1 Petabyte/yPermanent Storage
Software structure/layers
non-HEP specificsoftware packages
Experiment Framework
EventDet
Desc.Calib.
Applications
Core Libraries
SimulationData
Mngmt.Distrib.Analysis
Every experiment has a framework for basic services and various specialized frameworks: event model, detector description, visualization, persistency, interactivity, simulation, calibration, etc.
Many non-HEP libraries widely used
Applications are built on top of frameworks and implementing the required algorithms
Core libraries and services that are widely used and provide basic functionality
Specialized domains that are common among the experiments ( some in grid middleware)
GRID Middleware
OS & Net services
com
mon
for e
xpts
.ex
pt. s
peci
ficgr
ids/
netw
orks
30 June 2008 21Grid 2008; H F Hoffmann, CERN
“Software and Grids”
What to do with the data?
24-04-09 Global collaboration Hans Hoffmann, CERN honorary 2222
individualphysicsanalysis
batchphysicsanalysis
batchphysicsanalysis
detectorEvent Summary
Data (ESD)
rawdata
eventreconstruction
eventreconstruction
eventgeneration,simulation
eventgeneration,simulation
event filter(selection &
reconstruction)
event filter(selection &
reconstruction)
processeddata
Analysis Object Data (AOD)(extracted by physics topic)
Detector calibration alignment
Detector calibration alignment
@
@CERN in the Grid
24-04-09 Global collaboration Hans Hoffmann, CERN honorary
July 2008
“Digital camera”, 150 M pixels, observing: 109 frames/s, recording selected frames: 200/s, ~1 GB/s recorded volume
Concorde(15 Km)
Balloon(30 Km)
CD stack with1 year LHC data!(~ 20 Km)
Mt. Blanc(4.8 Km)
Computing GRID the size of the planet!
24-04-09 25Global collaboration Hans Hoffmann, CERN honorary
International cooperation: Russian workers converting shells to CMS detector parts
Structure
CMS est constitué de plus de 10 000 tonnes d’acier – en comparaison la Tour Eiffel ne pèse “que” 7 000 tonnes!
Ce “socle” a été réalisé au Pakistan et est arrivé au CERN par bateau, train et camion!
Contribution from Pakistan
CMS
24-04-09 27Global collaboration Hans Hoffmann, CERN honorary
ALICE: an ultra-sensitive eye on the Universe:Quark-gluon plasma?
31 countries, 109 institutes, 1000 scientific/technical participants
29
LHCb: an asymmetrical perspective
What is the Grid?
The World Wide Web provides seamless access to information that is stored in many millions of different geographical locations
In contrast, the Grid is an emerging infrastructure that provides seamless access to computing power, software and data; distributed over the globe
enabling CERN users to work from home as if at CERN
24-04-09 31CERN in everyday life H F Hoffmann CERN honorary
Marek Domaracky24-04-09 32CERN in everyday life H F Hoffmann CERN honorary
24-04-09 CERN in everyday life H F Hoffmann CERN honorary 33
“e-Science is about more than networks, Grids, High Performance Computing...; e-science is about global collaboration in key areas of science and the next generation of infrastructure that will enable it.” John Taylor, Director Research Councils, UK, 2000
Provide equal access to the data, software, compute power. . to all participating
scientists
large datarepositories; data services
communication means
facilities, instruments,
services
e-librariesarchive/curation
centres
people & VOs skills &
training computers (HPC; HTC); computer aided services
interoperable open software
networks, services, dark λ
Multidisciplinary Collaborations:
Common objectivesOpen sharing Critical mass
Trust and respect>Best efforts
Quality Assurance Service-oriented
e-science infrastructure ingredients
24-04-09 34CERN in everyday life H F Hoffmann CERN honorary
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Distance to Centre Galaxy28 000 light years
Black hole of 3.5 10 6 solar masses
37
Ism
ail S
erag
eld
in