Level 2 Officiating- Track This document is pre reading for the Level 2 Track Seminar. It is important that Officials read this document prior to attending the seminar. Key elements of this will be explained in further detail throughout the seminar Grassroots to International
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Level 2 Officiating- Track - Athletics Australiaathletics.com.au/Portals/56/Competition/Officials...• The wind speed (velocity) will be measured in metres per second • Positive
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Level 2 Officiating- TrackThis document is pre reading for the Level 2 Track Seminar. It
is important that Officials read this document prior to attending the seminar. Key elements of this will be explained
in further detail throughout the seminar
Grassroots to International
Track
Grassroots to International
General Track Rules
Relays
Hurdles
The Race
Officials
General Track Rules
Track Officials
Rules specific to the Race
Rules specific to Hurdles
Rules specific to Relays
Track: General Rules
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Lane Infringement
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RULE 163.3
RACES RUN IN LANES:• Each athlete shall keep within their allocated lane from start to finish
• This shall also apply to any portion of a race run in lanes i.e. 800m first bend or first leg and next
bend of 4 X 400m relay
RACES NOT IN LANES:• In all races (or any part of races) not run in lanes, an athlete running on a bend, on the outer half
of the track (split start)or on any curved part of the diversion from the track for the steeplechase
water jump, shall not step or run on or inside the kerb or line marking the applicable border (the
inside of the track, the outer half of the track, or any curved part of the diversion from the track for
the steeplechase water jump)
• Athlete disqualified if the Referee is satisfied with the Umpire’s report
Lane Infringement
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RULE 163.4
An athlete shall not be disqualified, provided no material advantage is gained and no other athletes obstructed if they are:
• Forced to run outside their lane in the straight or on the outside of their outer line of their lane
around a bend
• Pushed or forced by another athlete to run outside their lane or on or inside the applicable border
or kerb
• Forced to step or run outside their lane in the straight, any straight part of the diversion from the
track for the steeplechase water jump
• Forced to step outside the outer line of their lane on the bend
With no material advantage thereby being gained and no other athlete being jostled or obstructed
so as to impede their progress
• Note: Material advantage includes improving their position by any means, including removing themselves from a “boxed” position in the race by having stepped or run inside the inside edge of
the track
Disqualification
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Athletes will be liable to be disqualified in the following situations, if they:
• Breach the false start rules (Rule 162)
• Jostle or obstruct another athlete so as to impede their progress (Rule 163.2)
• Run on or inside the left hand lane line around the bend (Rule 163.3/4)
• Fail to keep to own lane and causing interference (Rule 163.4)
• Improve position in an inappropriate manner (Rule 163.4)
• Leave the track voluntarily and attempt to re-enter the race (Rule 163.6)
• Use check marks or places objects on or beside the track (except relays) (Rule 163.7)
• Exhibit unsporting or improper conduct (Rule 145.2)
• Breach clothing or footwear rules (Rule 143)
An athlete, after voluntarily leaving the track, shall not be allowed to
continue in the race and shall be recorded as not finishing the event: “DNF”
Resolution of Ties
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RULE 167
• If the relevant Judges are unable to separate the finishing order of one or more athletes after the
application of the finishing rules, then the tie will remain
• In the case of a tie for a “ranking” or “qualifying” position (based on time) in a preliminary round, and photo finish times are available, the Chief Photo Finish Judge shall read the times to 1/1000th of
a second to “break” the tie
• If as a result of this reading, or in situations where there are no photo finish times, the tie remains then
the situation will be resolved by a draw to determine which athletes progress
• Where there is a tie for a “qualifying” position (based on time or place) and it is possible to take the tying athletes into the next round, they should be progressed
• Where this is not possible, a draw should be used to determine which progress
Wind Gauge
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PLACEMENT:
• Along straight
• Adjacent to Lane 1
• 50m from finish
• 1.22m in height
• Not more than 2m from the track
Wind Gauge
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MEASUREMENT – HOW AND WHEN:
• From the flash/smoke of the gun
• 100m 10 seconds
• 100H 13 seconds
• 110H 13 seconds
• 200m: when the lead athlete enters the straight
for 10 seconds
Note:• Wind readings do not affect in any way the outcome of races
• They are used only for record and statistical purposes
Wind Gauge
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MEASUREMENT:
• The wind speed (velocity) will be measured in metres
per second
• Positive reading – assisting wind – tail wind
• Negative reading – not assisting – head wind
The wind gauge shall be read in metres per second,
rounded to the next higher tenth of a metre per second,
unless the second decimal is
zero, in the positive direction
A reading of:
• +2.03 metres per second shall be recorded as +2.1
• -2.03 metres per second shall be recorded as -2.0
Track Officials
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Track Officials
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• Track Referee
• Assistant Track Referee
• Chief Umpire
• Umpire /Lap Scorers
• Chief Track Judge/Lap Scorer
• Manual Timekeeper
• Chief Photo Finish Judge
• Photo Finish Judges
Track Referee’s Duties
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• To preside over all track events to ensure that the technical
rules are observed
• To decide on anything which arises during the meeting
which is not covered by the rules
• To deal with any disputes
• To decide placings only when the judges of the disputed
place(s) cannot make a decision
• To rule on any protest or objection regarding the conduct
of the competition
• To warn or exclude from the competition any athlete guilty
of improper conduct
Track Referee’s Duties
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• To declare any event void and to be held again at a time he shall decide if justice so demands. This
should be done in consultation with the Competition Director and the Technical Delegate.
• To check all final results
• To change the place of competition if circumstances so require (eg. Not to use a lane)
The Track Referee should:• Always check that hurdles and steeples are placed correctly on the track
• Ensure that cones for split starts and steeples are also placed correctly
• Should not act as a judge or umpire but must act if they observes any infringement that is not reported
• Needs to devise a communication process with the Competition Director and Post Event Control
Manager to give the all clear (organised prior to competition)
• Communicates with:
• Competition Director
• Chief Umpire
• Post Event Control Manager
Umpires
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RULE 127
• Are assistants only to the Track Referee, their “eyes and ears”
• Have no power to make decisions
• Are placed by the Referee (in Australia by the Chief Umpire) so as to best
observe the races and any possible infringements of the Rules, particularly
in relays
• Check that hurdlers and steeple chase athletes clear the hurdles correctly
• Supervise the change-over zones for relay races
• Check if athletes run out of their lanes particularly on bends
• Ensure that athletes do not break from their lanes before the break line
(800m; 4x200m; 4x400m)
Umpires
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Umpires on seeing a possible breach of the rules should:• Mark the track where the infringement took place or make a similar
notation on paper or by electronic means
• Indicate it to the Track Referee / Chief Umpire by raising a yellow
flag (or by other agreed means)
• Make an immediate written report on the incident to the Track
Referee / Chief Umpire on the prescribed form indicating the Rule
number which was infringed
• Umpires should act as above even where the athlete or team does
not finish the race
Umpires
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• The Chief Umpire will brief all Umpires prior to competition
• Umpires will be provided with folders in which the report forms and umpiring positions are stored
• Umpires will move onto the track in position order
• Last person leads and first person trails
• All equipment is to be carried in the Umpire’s hand which is away from the spectators
• Assist with the movement and changing of hurdles
• Communication:
• All Clear – white
• Infringement – yellow (report form to be completed efficiently and quickly)
Umpire’s Roster
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IAAF Melbourne World Challenge
Saturday 22April 2014Phil's Team Owen's Team
Time Event
Hurdle
Marking A1 A2 A3 A4 B1 B2 B3 B4
4.00PM
Kids Sprint Challenge
Boys/Girls Lynne to escort athletes from the track at the finish line
• White with blue insert (“staggered” or “echelon” start lines): 4x400m
• White with green insert “staggered” or “echelon” start lines): 800m
Track Layout: Split Start
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• Used when more than 12 athletes are in a race of 1,000; 2,000; 3,000; 5,000 and 10,000m
• There are two curved start lines
• 65% of the athletes are on the regular start line
• The rest of the athletes are on a start line across the outer half of the track
• The outer half start line is positioned so that all athletes run the same distance
Hurdles
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Hurdles
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• The same rules apply to the start, finish and conduct of hurdle races
as apply to other track events
• Hurdle races are always conducted in lanes
• An athlete in a hurdles race must jump each hurdle
• Hurdles are placed on the track so that the feet are on the side of
the approaching athlete
• Hurdles shall be so placed that the edge of the bar nearest the
approaching hurdler coincides with the track marking nearest the
athlete
• Officials must ensure the weights are adjusted to match the height
of the hurdle
Hurdles
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An athlete can be disqualified in a hurdle race if they:• Do not jump each hurdle
• Their foot or leg is, at the instant of clearance, beside the hurdle (on either side), below the horizontal
plane of the top of any hurdle
• In the opinion of the Referee, they deliberately knock down any hurdle
• Does not keep in their own lane, except as in Rule 163.4
Steeple Chase
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• Athletes must go over each hurdle and through the water jump
• An athlete can be disqualified if they:
• Trail their leg or foot below the horizontal plane of the top of any barrier at the instant of clearance
• Miss a steeple
• Step to one side or the other of the water jump
• Providing the above rules are observed, athletes may go over each barrier in any manner, providing no athlete is obstructed
• Put their hand on a hurdle
• Climb on or over a hurdle
• Go completely through or over the water
Relays
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Relays
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• The standard distances shall be: 4 x 100m, 4 x 200m, 100m-200m-300m-400m Medley Relay (Medley
Relay), 4 x 400m, 4 x 800m, 4 x 1500m
• Lines 5cm wide shall be drawn across the track to mark the distances of the legs and to denote the
scratch line
• Each takeover zone shall be 20m long of which the scratch line is the centre. The zones shall start and
finish at the edges of the zone lines nearest the start line in the running direction
• Check Marks: When all or the first portion of a Relay Race is being run in lanes, an athlete may place
one check-mark on the track within their own lane, by using adhesive tape, maximum 5cm x 40cm, of a distinctive colour which cannot be confused with other permanent markings
• No other check-mark may be used
Relays
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• 4 x 100m race shall be run entirely in lanes
• 4 x 200m race may be run in any of the following ways:• where possible, entirely in lanes (four bends in lanes)
• In lanes for the first two legs, as well as that part of the third leg up to the nearer edge of the
breakline, where athletes may leave their respective lanes (three bends in lanes)
• In lanes for the first leg up to the nearer edge of the breakline where
athletes may leave their respective lanes (one bend in lanes)
Note: Where not more than four teams are competing, the third option may be used
• Medley Relay race shall be run in lanes for the first two legs, as well as that part of the third leg up to the nearer edge of the breakline, where athletes may leave their respective lanes (two bends
in lanes)
Acceleration Zone
In the 4 x 100m and 4 x 200m races, athletes other than the first, and in the Medley Relay, the second
and third athletes, may commence running not more than 10m outside the takeover zone
Relays
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• 4 x 400m relay may be run in either of the following ways:• In lanes for the first leg, as well as that part of the second leg up to the nearer edge of the breakline,
where athletes may leave their respective lanes (three bends in lanes)
• In lanes for the first leg up to the nearer edge of the breakline, where athletes may leave their
respective lanes (one bend in lanes)
Note: Where not more than four teams are competing, it is recommended that second option should be used
• There is no acceleration zone in 4 x 400 relay and athletes may only commence running within
the take-over zone
• Second athlete receives the baton in the take-over zone within their lane
• Third and fourth athletes line up in the take-over zone (inside to out) in the same order as the order
of their incoming runner as they complete 200m. Once positioned by the Official they may not
change their order or they will be disqualified
Relays
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• 4 x 800m relay may be run in either of the following ways:• in lanes for the first leg up to the nearer edge of the breakline, where athletes may leave their
respective lanes (one bend in lanes)
• without the use of lanes
• 4 x 1500m relay shall be run without the use of lanes
For the final takeover in the Medley Relay and in the 4 x 400m, 4 x 800m and 4 x 1500m races, athletes are not permitted to begin running outside their takeover zones, and shall start within this
zone. If an athlete does not follow this Rule, their team shall be disqualified
Relays
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In the Medley Relay, the athletes running the final leg and in the 4 x 400m relay, the athlete running the third and fourth legs shall:
• Under the direction of a designated Official, place themselves in their waiting position in the same order
(inside to out) as the order of their respective team members as they enter the last bend
• Once the incoming athletes have passed this point, the waiting athletes shall maintain their order, and
shall not exchange positions at the beginning of the take-over zone
• If an athlete does not follow this Rule, their team shall be disqualified
Baton Changeovers
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The passing of the Baton:
• Begins when it is first touched by the outgoing athlete
• Ends when it is in the hand of the outgoing athlete only
• It is the position of the baton only which is decisive and not that of the athlete’s bodies
• Whilst waiting to receive or after passing the baton, athletes should remain in their own lanes/zones and should not impede any other athlete
Baton Changeovers
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A Baton:• Must be carried in the hand throughout the race
• Must be passed, never thrown
• Have lane numbers placed upon them
• Must be coloured
Athletes:
• Cannot wear gloves
• Cannot place a substance on their hands to get a better grip
• Must retrieve it if they drop it
• Can leave their lane to retrieve the baton, but can’t shorten distance to be run or obstruct other runners
• Pass must commence and be completed only within take-over zone
• Pass commences when baton is first touched by receiving runner and is completed when baton is solely in hand of receiving runner
• During the crouch start the baton is permitted to touch the ground