Level 1 scotland (oxford bookwarms) stage 1

STEVE FLINDERS

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tsBN 978-0-1 9-423623-2

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SCOTLAND

\trfhat do you think of when you hear rhe name 'scotland'?Golf? Tartan? Bagpipes? The Loch Ness Monsrer? Theseare all part of Scotland - but there is much more too.

There are old castles and exciting new buildings. Thereare beautiful queens, brave kings - and a very famous

James Bond. There are cities with great shops andmuseums, and quiet islands where you see nobody allday. There are long, long summer days, and in the middleof winter, when the days are short and dark, one of thebiggest street parties in the wodd! Welcome ro a veryspecialcountry. . .

--OXFoI{ I ) BOOKWOR MS LII ]RARY

Factfiles

ScotlandStage 1 (400 headwords)

Factf i les Scrie s Editor: ( lhr ist inc l . i rrclon

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The publrtws wmld likr to thank the follruirrgfor pemKim tn relmdw images:Almy Images pp10 (Tafta kiltsPeter Scholey), 14 flemom0,leil McAlister), 15 (Aberden Hubou/David Robertson), 18 (Stem tnin/Blackout Conepts), 19 (Heather/David BGg), 21 (Callanish StandingStones/nagelesttrk.com), 23 (White mter kayaking/Arch White), 27 (Old Bess prctotyp€ stem engine/The Print Collector), 28 (Sherlock HolmesPictorial Press Ltd), 29 (Brod/avara images), 31 (Des*rts/Simon Reddy), 35 (The Camegie Library of Pittsburg{Andre Jemy); Bridgemn Aft Libmry Ltd pp27

0mes Watt (17361819), after William Bschey (17531839), Paruidge, John (U9G1872) / ScottishNational Poftrait Callery, Edinburgh, Scotland), 33 (lmhaberNo More,1883, Nicol,Johnwatrcn/@Theneming-Wfold Aft Foundation): Cephas Pictw Libmry p32 (Whisky distillery/Joris Luyten); FLPA p19(Red deer/Desmond Dugan): G€tty Images pp2 (Otrshore drilling rigsfmn Hawkes/Risr), 3 (Hadrim'sWal{Adam W@lfitt/X.obeft Harding Wdld Img€ry), 6 (Mary Sturt (1542{7)Frmcois ClouetfheBridgeman Art Libmry), 9 (Edinbugh CasttelXathy Colltu/fni), 12 (White Stu liner Quen Mary/Hulton A(hive), 14 (Ranges football spporte6/AFP), 20 (Fingalk Cavefin Richadmnf.lationalGeogxaphic), 34 ([nrigrants at Glasgow dcksftlulton Archive), 35 flartm Day Pmde), 38 (ScottishParliament Debating Chamber/Xathy Collimphotographet's Choie); OUP pp43 (clenc@, Scotlmd/Digital Vision), 43 ('lhrtan/Corel), 43 (Maftirombe Beach/Corel), 43 [Ihe Roud Tows in Windsor), 43(lake District/Digital Vision), 43 (Buck Island/Photodisc); Photolibmry p26 (Haggis ceremony/AnthonyBlake/Fresh trood hDages): Punchsttrk p16 (toch NessPhotodisc); Rex Featres pp8 [Ihe abmdonedvillilge Rirsg Buidhe/Design Pic lnc), 36 {Sem Comery/Jmes Fmser); Scoftish Viewpoint pp (EilemDomn Cilstle/Colin Patesonidw.scottishviewpoint.@m), 11 (Edinburgh Military Taftm),22(St Axlrcws golf course), 24 (Higlrfand Cmes), 25 (Charlotte Square), 30 (Sconish fish); The RoyalG)llc(1i(n l'i(1urc l.ibrary p7 flhe Batde ofCullodenfhe Royal CoUection @ 2009 Her Majesry quen

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CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION

A special country

Scotland's past

Edinburgh

Glasgow

Four Scottish cities

Highlands and islands

Sport and free time

Five great Scots

Food and drink

Scotland and the world

Scotland today and tomorrow

GLOSSARY

ACTIVITIES : Before Reading

ACTIvrrrES : While Reading

ACTIvrr lES: After Reading

ABOUT THE AUTHOR

ABOUT THE BOOKWORMS LIBRARY

40

43

44

48

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52

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A speciaI country

l l r . r 'c is non'hcrc l i l<c Scot l r rncl .

Seot l r rncl is r r c<'rr ntr ' ) in. l L()Unrt ' \ : I f is Prt | t o i(

' r ' t ' . r t l ' r r i t r t in (L.r t r : l r r r r r l , Scot l l rncl . errc l \ \ ' r r lcs) . r rnt l o1'

t l r . I l r r i tcc l I r . ingclont ( [ : r ru. l r rncl , Scot l . r r r r l , \ \ ' r r l t 's , r r r r t l

\ , r ' r l rcr-n I rc l r lnr l ) .

\ t 'ot l r tncl is in thc i , r r n, , r ' t l r rvr 'st of I r r r r ) | . ( . l ) ( . t \ \ r ,L,n

t l r , , ' \ t l .ur t ic ( )ce r t r r rur t l thc \orr l r \ t . . r . l r is o l r r .n . , ,1, .1 .ur . l

r ' , r ' ( ' \ , r t l t ( l i t r : r ins e lot in s()nt( l ) iu- t \ o l t l r t , r ( ) r r ) l l ' \ . l l r r t t l t , '

l r t oPl t 'of Seot l l r r r r l lo ic t l rc i r c()unt l ' r , r ' lnr l nrr ' ln\ \ r r i tor ' ,

l , \ tot l r r r r r l lovc i t too. I l rcr ' lore r l rc l rer t t r t r l ' t r l l r i l ls r r r r t l

tn, , r rn[r ' t ins oi t l re n()r th. thc scrr , rn. l the lJ(X) is l r rnr ls, r r r r t l

t l r , s i r c i t ics - L:c l i r r l r r r lgh, ( ' l . rseou. , \bcr-c l t , , - 'n. l )unr l t r ' ,

I nr t ' r r ress, r rnt l St i r i i ng. 1 'hc c()r . r r f r \ i s spccir J rurt l \eou is l r

l r t oI l t ' i l r -c spccirr l tot , : o i ten \ \ ' l r rnr i lnr l i r i ( 'nr . l l \ :

I l r t ' t 'c r t t - t ' , t l . torr t f ivc nt i l l iorr l ) r 'oplc in Scot l r tnt l . \ lost

\ r . l s l i r c in the so rr t h. i r r or nclr r the [ r ig e i t ie s of F-t l in l r t r rs l r

i l r ( l ( ; l : l \g() \ \ ' . \ lost o i thc nt l r ' th of rhc L()ul) t r \ i : rur-r

, r l r l ) l \ i n() t nr i l l r I l )eoPle l iVc the re .

. \ \ tot t is l t 1. ,c1's1; ;1 rs elsr , , , r t l lcr l r r Scot. l . t r t i . , r r ( ,nt t t ( ) l

r . r l l . . r l rout r r . teofc l r l )c l -s()n: Scott , l r nt( ' : ln\ r r l r iskr . . r t l r . in l<

rrr . r , l , i r r Seot l r rnr l . Scott ish 1 ' rco1. lc rrr- t l l l . i t i r l r , l ' t tcrrrrst ,

" . . t l .ut t l is Prtr t o l ( i rcrr t l i r i t l t r r r . I r r r t \ ( ) r r ntu\ t n()r

, . r l l \ . , t t ish Peopl t ' l .nglrs l r ! Thc Set)r \ . ln( l r i rc l .nLl l is l r

r r , , I i I I r. t'e I I t .

These days everyone in

Scotland speaks English, but

at one time, people in the

north and west of Scotland

did not speak English. They

had a different language, a

beautiful language called

Gaelic. About 60,000 people

- L per cent of the people

in Scotland - speak Gaelic

now. But many more want

Gaelic in their lives because

it is part of the story of

Scotland.

Scotland is not a very hot

country. In the summer the

days are long and it can be

warm. But in the winter the

days can be just seven hours

long, and it often rains.

For many years, Scotland was a poor country, but now

things are better for most people. There is oil and gas

in the sea between Scotland and Norway. Edinburgh is

an important place for money, and there are big banks

there like the Royal Bank of Scotland. People in many

countries drink Scotch whisky, and the whisky business

makes a lot of money for Scotland. Tourists visit this

beautiful country and that brings money to Scotland too.

Many people love living and working there, and more

than 20 million visitors go to Scotland each year.

Scotla nd's past2

Scotland is the oldest country in the world. \7hy? Because

the hills of the north-west and the Hebridean islands are

more than 2,700 million years old. You can walk on some

of the oldest rocks in the world there.

People first lived there 9,000 years ago. At Skara Brae

on the Orkney Islands, in the far north of Scotland,

you can see the houses of early people from about five

thousand years ago. The houses at Knap of Howar, also

on the Orkneys, are the oldest in Europe.

The Romans went to Scotland, but they did not

stay there for long. Between AD 122 and 1.28 they built

Hadrian's Wall. It was 1.L7 kilometres long, and went

from sea to sea across the most northern part of England.

The Romans stayed in England for nearly three hundred

years until about an 400, and then they left and went

back to Rome. Today you can visit Hadrian's Wall in the

rrorth of England and walk along parts of it.

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Scotldnd's past

Who were the first Scots? The pcople trorth of

Hadrian's 'Wall wcre called Picts by the Romatrs. NUc crrtr

st i l l see some of their story in their pictures in stone. Btrt

there wcre i r lso Scott i f rom lreland (the name 'Scot l l t lc l '

comes from the Scotti), Vikir-rgs from Norway, and sotlrc

English people from the sollth. These different peoprles

came under one kir-rg in the f l00s. The f i rst k ing of al l the

Scots, many people say, was Kenneth MacAlpin. He was

king from t l43 to 851i. But the most famous Scott ish king

of this eerr ly t ime is Macbeth (1040-1057). Hc is fr t t rrot ts

because Shakespeare wrote abott t hir t t . F<lr Sl tr tkcsl ' rcere ,

Macbeth was a very bacl t r t l r t t - bt t t hc wl ls l l ( ) t w()rsc thi l l l

many other kir-rgs of thosc errr ly c lays.

There were mal-ly battle s l-rctrve ctt l '.nglerrcl rrtlcl

Scot land. One important Scot wrrs Wil l iern Wal lece

(about 1270-1305). You cau leartr abottt hinr irr thc film

Braueheart Then in 1314, the Scott ish King Robert the

Bruce took his men to the Batt le of Bannockburn. After

the batt le, 10,000 Engl ishmen were dead, and Robert

became one of the most important k ings in the story of

Scotland. Soon after, Scotland was free and stayed free

for nearly three hundred years.

ln 1542, a l i t t le gir l cal led Mary became queen of

Scot land: she was six days old, and only the sccotrd

woman to be queen of this country. Mary Qttectt of Scots

became a tall ',and beautiful wolllrll l ' bttt sot.ttc Sc()ts clicl

not want her to be clr tcctr . Mltry wctt t to I ' . t tg l l t t lc l rr t lc l

asked El izabeth, thc F-ngl ish ( l rrccrr, f i r r l rc lp, btr t she cl id

not get i t . She l tever rct t l r l lcr . l t ( ) Scot lrr t lc l , rrr lc l c l iecl in

England after triueteelt ycrtrs. Vtrt crrtr re:.ld Mlry's story

Loch : '.---fStirlingLonond

-hbannockburn I

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Ed nburgh

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Scotland's past

In the Highlands, things were very different. After

I7l4,Great Bri tain had German kings, f rom Hanover i t r

north Germany. Many Scots in the Highlands wanted a

Scott ish king - someone from the Stuart family l ike Mary

and James, not a German king in London' They wanted

Charles Stuart - 'Bonnie Prince Charl ie ' - the grandson

of the last Stuart king, James the Second of England ar-rd

the Seventh of Scotland. Charles Stuart left France arrcl

came to Scotland: he wanted to be King of Scotlancl lrrcl

England too. But Charles and his men lost the Batt le of

Culloden. near Inverness, it.t 1746. Cull<tcletl wrrs tl-rc lrtst

big batt le in Great Bri tain.

in Mary, Queen of Scots (Oxford Bookworms Stage 1).Mary's son James Stuart became king of Scot land andthen King James the First of England roo. In 1707, rhetwo countries became Great Britain.

In the 1700s, Scot land was more l ike two corrrr tr icsthan one: there were r ich ci t ies in the south, brr f rhcrewere poor counrry people in the Highlarrcls (rhc hi l lcountry in the cenrre and the north of Scot lrrnr l ) . At thatt ime, Edinburgh was one of the most importrrnl c i t ics inEurope and many famous thinkers l ivccl thcrc. l 'hcn inthe 1800s Glasgow became r ich; people brnlr big slr ipsthere, and later frains. So the south of Scot lrurt l l r , r . l brrsyci t ies with beaut i ful bui ldings, lots of worl<, , rnt l rrrorrcy.

Scotland

After the battle, the British soldiers looked frrr (lhrrrles.

but he went inro the hi l ls. The people of the Highlarrdsand the islands helped him to go back ro France, burlife became difficult for them after that. The Britishsoldiers stayed in the Highlands, and took away housesand land from the fr iends of Charles Stuart . After thismany poor families left the Highlands and wenr to thecities in the south of Scotland, or to other countries - theUSA, Canada, Austral ia, and New Zealand. Some wentbecause they wanted to begin a new life, but others wentbecause the rich owners of the land in Scotland wanred roput animals there. Between 1840 and 1880,40,000 peopleleft just one island - the island of Skye.

Life became more difficult in the 1900s, but oil and gasin the North Sea began to bring money to Scotland againin the 1.970s. Let's look now at some of rhe famous placesin the Scotland of today.

Many people begin a visit to Scotland in Edinburgh, the

capital city. Edinburgh is an old city with many important

and interesting buildings, and about 470,000 people live

there. After London, Edinburgh is the second city for

vis i tors in Bri tain.

Come to Edinburgh by train from the south, and yott

arrive at \Waverley Station. \fhen you come out of the

station, Edinburgh Castle is in front of you, high up on

#fu4& Edinburgh

10 Scotland

a hill. From the castle, you can see all over the city. You

can see the famous One O'Clock Gun - and at 1. o'clock,

from Monday to Saturday, you can hear it too. It makes a

very big noise!

Edinburgh is built on hills, but you can walk around

the city easily. From the castle, you can go down the Royal

Mile to Holyroodhouse. This building, three hundred

years old, is the home of Queen Elizabeth the Second

when she comes to Edinburgh. This part of the city is

cal led' the Old Town'.

Then take a walk alongPrinces Street in'the New Town'.

The New Town (1767-I84U is more than 150 years old

now but stil l has this name. Some shops have the famous

Scottish tartans. Each clan - a big, old Scottish family is

called a clan - has its own tartan, and in the windows you

can see the different tartans for famous Scottish clans.

People with a Scottish family name can buy and wear the

family tartan. (People without a Scottish name can buy

and wear a tartan too!)

Edinburgh has many wonderful things. The buildings

in the New Town - in Charlotte Square, f<rr examprlc -

are very beautiful. There are very good nruscr.uns: thc

National Museum of Scot land is uear the Royal Mi le,

and tells you a lot about the Scotland of yesterclay arrd

today. The National Gallery of Scotlar-rd, near the castlc,

has beautiful pictures from Scotland and from many

other countries too.

In August, thousands of people come to the Edinburgh

Festival. Singing, dancing, cinema, books, pictures,

theatre - you can see and do hundreds of different things

at the festival. And also in August, every evening for three

weeks, you can go to the Edinburgh Military Tattoo at

Edinburgh Castle. There you can see soldiers atrd hclr

music from Scotland and from lots of othcr countrics.

On 31 December everyone w.lnts to bc i rr t l rc ci ty

centre for the famous street pirrty for llogtttrttl i ly - tl ' l i lt

is the Scott ish name f<rr Ncw Yertr 's l ivc. l l r r t t l tcrc r trc

only 100,000 t ickets, ancl t l rcy go vcry r luickly! ' l 'hc prrr ty

begins in one ycar aud f i rr is l rcs i rr t l rc l rcxt - that is a

good time!

12 ()lttsgc,ttu

was the fourth largest c i ty in Europe aftcr Lonclorr, l ' r r r is,

and Ber l i r r . Vru can see some of thc beaut i fu l bui lc l i r rgs

from that t ime in George Scluare . Today there is t . tot t t t t tc l r

shipbui lding; sonrc p:rr ts of Glasgow are vcry 1'roor attr l

many pcople have no work. But things are changing irr

Ci lasgow. Ask a Glaswcginrrr (rr persou frorn Glasgow). '1 ir

them, Glasgow is the fr icndl iest c i ty in Bri tairr , rrncl onc

of thc most exci t ing ci t ies in Bri tain too.

Thcrc arc lots of things to do at night in ( i l r rsgorv.

I t is perhaps tht: bcst c i ty i r r Br i t i r in r f tcr Lorrclorr f i r r

shopping t<lo. Like Ecl i rrburgh, i t rs rr grccrr c i t1, . I t l r , rs

seventy parks, and you catt <, f ten scc thc l r i l ls f - rorrr t l r t '

ccntre of the cit,v.

I t is a c i ty of l l r . lscunrs. Yl t t cr t t t sr ' r ' r r t i l r r \ [ r t ' r t t r t i I r r l

p ictures in thc Glasgow (. i ty ' Mtrsct t tn r t t t r l Art ( i r r l lu ' r ;

anci in the Burrel l ( ,o l lect ion i rncl Pol lok Horrsc, s()ut l r ( ) i

thc Clvde.

Gl,asgow

Glasgow is Scot land's biggest ci ty and the thirc l biggest

in the United Kingdom after London rrnd Birmingham.

About 630,000 people l ive in the ci ty and about 1.2 mi l l ion

in and near i t . I t is not ve ry far f rom Edinburgh - rrbont

l i f ty minutes by train - but i t is very di f ferent.

The Rivcr Clydc runs throlrgh the centre of Glasgoq

atrd i t has an important prr t in the story of Glasgow. Two

hurrdred ycars ag(), Glasgow was a snral l t<lwn. Then,

Bri t ish shiprs began to go al l ovcr thc world. Big ships

cr lme Lrp and down thc Rivcr Clycle. They carr iecl things

from other countr ics. In the 1800s, Bri tain wrrs the r ichest

country in thc wor ld. Shipbui ld ing bec:rme very imporrerr t

ancl Glasgow became a ci ty of shipbui lders. At onc t inre i t

It;€ Effi."

ffi\e: trar5,

I t is the ci ty of Charles Rennie Mackintosh. About a

hunclred years ago Mackrntosh and three fr iends began :r

new look in bui lding: art uouveau. Much of Mackintosh's

best work is in Glasgow. His Glasgow School of Art

is on Renfrew Street. After you visit it, yoll can have a

coffee at the Willow Tea Rooms, zrlso by Mackintosh, on

Sauchiehal l Street.

Arrcl Glasgow is, of collrse, a big football city. Yclu can

watch Glasgow Celt ic at Cclt ic Park, or Glasgow Rangers

at the Ibrox Stadium, on Saturdays between August

aucl May.

Four Scott ish c i t ies

Aberdeen, with 192,000 preoplc, is the third biggest ci ty

in Scot land. I t is in the east of the coLlntry, on the North

Sea, and i t is between two r ivcrs - t l - re Dce irncl the l )orr .

Fishing and shipbui lc l i r rg were once i r l rportrul t l ) ( ' r ' ( ' ,

but now i t is fantous as thc oi l capi t r r l of t l t t ' I Ih. l iorr ts

and planes leave Abcrclccn cvcrv t l r t l lor t l t t 'o i l r t r r t l 1 i : ts

f ie lds of the North See. l t l t , ts t r t , , t t t t i t t ' t 's i t t ts, . t t t t l t t t . t t t r

wonc' ler fu l p:rrks l r t rc l e, t r . lc t ts. I l r t ' t t t t ls i t t r t t t t r \ l t t t i t '

Lcnnclx ar-rc l Evelyrr ( i lcrrrr ic l roth cot t rc l t ' . , t t t r \ l t . . ' t . .1. ' t ' t t .

Aberdeen

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I .och Ne rr \ lot tst . ' r . ( ) r Ncssie , l ivct i l r [ .o. l l \ . . " .

\ r r " l ' l

\ t ( ) l ' \ ' sr l \ \ rh is. l t r tc l t l tot ts l t t t t ls o l - toLl l ' is ts go t l r t t t t r r t r

ver l r t ( ) lool i i , r ' i t . l i t t t Nt 'ssi t ' . loes t t t , t r ( ) l l le . l ' t ' t - l t r t1 l ' t l l r "

i r j r r ' t . l \ l r ) l ' \ l - i l t ' t t l t t t is ts.

I l re rr thcrc i . St i r l r t rg, to f l le l l ( ) r t l l -c i l \ t o l ' ( , l . t t r ' . " r r

\ l r r r t r t . is i tors go t l r rot tgh St i r l i r lg l r ht ' r r t l l t ' r g{ ' I ,

t l re I l ighl : r t t r ls . l t h, ts , t \ \ ' ( ) l l ( le l ' f t l l cr lst le . ( ) l l t .1 l l "

l . , iggcst i l l rd t t t ( ) \ t i t t t l ' rot ' t r l t t t cr l \ t lcs i t r Scof l r t r r , l l '

l r : t t t lc of l i , i t t t roc] i l . t t t r t t r r l l . l l - { rvr ts l l t ' i l l ' ] rere. . l l r '

\ l ru ' r l - reeett tc ( l t leL' ] t of- Seot] . i t lc l uher l s l lc r r r t : , t r l '

c l r r r ' r o l t l .

le18 Highlands and islands

Do you love to be out of the cities, walking, climbirrg,

looking for birds and animals, or taking photos? Thcrr

the Highlands are for you. The mountains are not very

high - Ben Nevis, the highest in the UK, is 1,344 metres -

but they can be difficult. Sometimes cold weather comes

from the north, so walkers and climbers need to be careftrl

in the winter, and in the summer too.'What can you see in the Highlands? There arc rr() t

many trees on the hi l ls, but there is bentrt i f t r l hert thcr '

The water in the lochs is colcl atlcl clrrrk. llccl clccr rtttt

across the hi l ls, and perhaps yot l cr l l scc g<t lc lct t crtglcs

high up in the sky.'When you leave the rorrcl, y()tl rlre s()()ll

in empty country; there is nothing but the hi l ls errcl t l rc

sky, the birds and the animals.

&

# Hightands andista nds

High[andS rhe Highlands, i r - r the norrh and westof Scotland, are a special part of the world. There arenot a lot of people here - only eight people per square

kilometre - but there is a lot of beautiful country, with

lochs, rivers, and hills. The Highlands have two of

the most wonderful train journeys in the world: from

Inverness to Kyle of Lochalsh, and from Fort William

to Mal laig. Or vis i tors can go by road past the beaut i ful

Loch Lomond to the mounrains at Glen Coe.

;ef;

. l t20 Scotland

lstandS Scotland has hundreds of islands. and lifeis different there. The island towns are small. On someislands, like Skye and the islands of the Hebrides, many

of the people speak Gaelic. On the islands of Lewis and

Harris, some people do not work, drive, or watch TV

on Sundays. In the north, the is lands of Orkney and

Shetland arc nearer to Norway than to London.

From Oban in the west of

Scotland you can go to some

of the islands in the Inner

Hebrides. Here you can see sea

animals like seals. From Mull

you can go to see the beautiful

caves of Staffa, or you can

visi t Iona. Saint Columba

came to the small island of

Iona from Ireland in 563, and

began to teach people about

Christianity. Today Iona is an

important Christian centre

and half a mi l l ion people go

there every year. The bodies

of Kenneth MacAlpin and

other Scottish kings are here

on lona. You can also go to

Skye, perhaps the most famous

and the most beautiful of the

islands of Scotland, and see

the dark mountains called the

Cuillin near the sea.

Highlands and islands

From Ullapool, you can go across to Lewis in the Ottte r

Hebrides. There are long, white, empty beaches here ancl

the 5,000-year-old stone circle at Callanish. There are

fifty standing stones at Callanish. Time goes more slowly

in this quiet, special place.

-:. )22 Sport and free time

footbal l too, and i t is an important sport in Scot land. Irr

1990 Scot land beat England, 'Wales, I reland, and France

at rugby - and every year the Scots want to do this again!

But now Italy plays too, so they need to beat five countries,

not four.

Scotland's hills and mountains are good for sports too

- walking, climbing, cycling, and more. And there are

lots of exciting sports on, in, and under the water, in the

lochs, rivers, and the sea. You can take a kayak down a

fast river, for example, or out to sea. The rain does trot

matter when you do these sports!

Between May and September,

in more than a hundred diffe rerrt

places in Scot land, peoplc t t tcct

at a Highland Games - rr fcst ivel

of Scott ish sports and nrusic.

You can see big men tossing the

caber, listen to Scottish music on

the bagpipes, and watch Scottish

dancing.

Not all Scots men have kilts,

but more and more of them

wear one sometimes, and lots

of people wear kilts to the

Games. When a Scotsman wears

a kilt, he is saying, 'I l ike being

Scott ish. 'A ki l t needs about six

metres of tartan. When one of

the big clans - like Clan Donald,

Mackenzie. or Stewart - has a

ryg Sport and free t ime

Many Scottish people love sporr, and in Scotland many

people play golf - the rich and the nor so rich. Golf began

in this country, and the golf capital of Scotland is St

Andrews, a small university city near Edinburgh. There

are more than four hundred golf courses in Scotland, and

many of them are very beautiful. In the summer, when

the days are long, you can play from seven in the morning

to ten at night.

Football is also very imporrant: in 2006 Scotland had

the tenth highest number of football clubs of any country

in the world. Celtic and Rangers are the biggest and the

most famous Scottish clubs but others like Aberdeen also

do well in Scotland and in Europe. The Scots play rugby

Tossing the caber 25

* Five g reat Scots

Scot land is not e l ' t i t l c t t t t r r t t ' r ' , t t t . l . l . , . . ' , t t , r t l r . tvt ' l t t r t t t t

people, but thcrc i t l ' ( ' l l r r l l l \ I i l l l l ( )u\ , t t t t l i t t tPt) l l . l l l l \ ( ( ) t \ .

Here are f ivc <l f the nr.

Robert Adam (1728-1792) nrrrr l t ' sorrr t ' , I t l r t ' l r t 's t

bui ld ings in Great Br i ta in i r - r the secottc l h:r l l 'o l ' t l r t ' l7(X)s.

He went to school ernd universi ty in L,c l iubt t rgh, atrr l t l t t ' t t

to Rome for f ive years to leartr about the bui ld ings t l tcrc.

Then he came back to Br i ta in. He workecl on the Ncw

Town in Ecl inburgh and you can see bui ld ings by him i r r

Char lot te Square. There are many bear-r t i fu l bui ld ings by

Adam in F,ngland and Scot land. People come front i t l l

over EuroL-re ancl America to look at them.

big meetir-rg, people come from rnllr.ry coul'ltries. lvlany

of them wear ki l ts in the clr t rr t rrrran when they come.

One clan i r-r the USA - ( l l r rn [)orrrr lc l - has 4,000 famil ies.

Their fanr i l ics went fronr Scot lrrncl to the USA perhaps

150 yerrs r luo, but they st i l l wr l l t t to be Scott ish.

David Hume (171.1.-1775) was a great thinker and

writer. People stil l read and talk about his books today

because they are so important. He also wrote a very long

History of England - at that time, the most important

book of this kind. Hume went to the University of

Edinburgh when he was twelve years old. Later he went

to France and made friends with famous French thinkers

like Voltaire and Rousseau. His most important book is

A Treatise of Human Nature (1739-1740).

The next great Scot is Robert Burns (1759-1796); the

Scots call him Robbie or Rabbie Burns. He was born into

a poor country family, the oldest of seven children, near

Ayr in south-west Scotlar-rd. He began writing poems

when he was stil l a boy. He wrote about important things

- about life and love, rich people and poor people, and

Scotland. His words stil l speak to us today and many

Scots love his poenrs.

Burns was born on 25 January, and that night is

called Burns Night by the Scots. On Burns Night there

are special dirrners not just in Scot land but for Scott ish

people in other countries too. They eat haggis (a special

Fiue great Scots

Scottish food), drink whisky, and say poems by Br-rrns.

And at midnight on 31 December in many Engl ish-

speaking countries, people sing the words of Burns whcn

they sing Auld Lang Syne' (the name of the song means

something l ike' long long ago') .

James 'Watt (1736-1819) was born in Greenock near

Glasgow and did not often go to school when he was ir

child: he stayed at home and his mother was his teacher.

Watt was a quick thinker and he liked to build things with

his hands. He got work building things for the te:rchcrs

at the University of Glasgow. There he becanrc irrtcrcstctl

in steam engines. He l ' rcgrrrr rr busirrcss with l r is f r icrrr l

Matthew Boulton, rrrrc l f rorrr l7L) l to l l l24 thcy rrr :r t lc I , l r ' r , l

s team engines. These engirrcs c l r r r r r l ic . l ( i lcrr t l l r i t r r i r r r r r r r l

the world. After Watt , thc worlr l wrrs ;r r l i l ' l 'cr trr t pl ; rct ' .

27

l928

+1

Scotldnd

Sir Arthur Conan Doyle (1859-1930) was born in

Edinburgh, went to the University of Edinburgh, and

became a doctor. But he did not make much money as

a doctor so he began to write stories about a detective

cal led Sherlock Holmes. Soon Sherlock Holmes was

frrmous rrrrc. l ( lonan Doylc became r ich and famous too.

He wrotc many stor ies about Holmes and his fr iend

Dr 'Watson, and also wrote stor ies about a man cal led

Professor Challenger.

There are films of many Sherlock Holmes stories, and you

can read some of them in Bookworms: Sherlock Holmes

and the Duke's Son and Sherlock Holmes and the Sport

of Kings (Oxford Bookworms Stage 1).

Do you know any other great Scots?

Food a nd d rin k

FOOd In the ear l icst drrys Scott is l r pcoplc ro. l< r l r t ' i r '

food fronr the serr , t l re r ivers, , rncl thc l rurr l . l r r .<)nr t l r . . ' t t ' , r

and the r ivcrs c l t t t tc f ish, r tnr l l ' r 'ot t t t l r t ' l ; tnt l t l r t ' r ' t1ot l r r r i t ,

vegetables, r tnr l t t r t ' l r t . l \n. l t l r . ' r 'g,) t ( ) : r t \ l rorrr t l r t l . r r r . , l

too. They macle t l tc i r l r t 'er t t l l t ' , )nr ( ) i r ts, iur( l t l r ( ' \ 'nr . r ( l ( '

porr idge from oats : . 'urc l u 'etcr krr r r l ro l brr ' , r l i l . rst .

People st i l l crr t r r l l o l ' t l r t 's t ' l l r rn l i t rn St, l l , r r r t l lot l ; l \ ' ,

but they er l t l tew t l r ings too. l ' r 'orrr l ( ) ( } ( ) ( )n, lu, tn\ ' l ) ( ' ( ) l ) l ( '

began to conrc to St 'ot l , r r r . l l r ' . )n l ( ( ) ln l l r i t 's l i l i t l t , t l r ' , tnt l

India, and thcy brorrght t l i l l t ' r ' , ' r r t l ' ' t l rv i t l r t l r . ' r r r .

30 Scotlttncl

Thcre is a lot of good food in Scot latrcl . I t is famons

for i ts f ish, l ike salmon and haddock, and for other food

from the sea. Fish farnr ing is very important for Scot land;

i t gives wr>rk to rrbout 6,000 people, and br ings lots of

money iuto the country. Thcn there is Scott ish bcef - the

bcst beef in thc world, the Scots say - and haggis, made

from meat, oats, and other things. Scott ish raspberr ies

are also very good; the Scots l ike to make a dish cal led

cranachan with raspberr ies, oats, and whisky. People

with lots of money can go to a hotel l ike Gleneagles, near

Perth - perhaps the most famous hotel in Scot larrd today.

Ithas 232 bedrooms, thre e golf courses - and some of the

best Scott ish food.

Food tnt l dr i r r l<

in some parts of Glasgow they only l ive to f i f t1 l . , rn.

Better f<lc lc l is very importaut for Scott ish people tor l r tv

and tomorrow.

f4

\

But good food is

Scot land, and some

Bri t ish men usual ly

not a part of life for everybody in

poorer Scots do not eat very well.

l ive to seventy-seven years old, but

Dfink rn. word 'whisky' comes fr .nr th. ' ( , . r t ' l r t

'uisge-beatha' - the water of l i fe. Whisky - rt lso .,r l l t ' ,1

'scotch'- is made in a dist i l lery. There are nlorc t l t r t t t ot t t '

hundred dist i l ler ies in Scot land - some near F-cl i r rbrr lu l r

and Glasgow in the south, one on the is land of Skrr ' , ,ur , l

three on the Orkneys in the north. There arc t t i t t t ' r ' t r l l t t

smal l is land of Is lay. Abor.r t hal f of thc c l is t i l l t ' r ' i . '

, r r , '

near the River Spey, east of Inverness; t t t r t t t l vr t i l , , t t l t l . , '

to v is i t the dist i l ler ies there and try thc t l i l ' l ' t ' r t ' r r l t r l t ts l . t .s.

Vis i tors toEdinburghcan vis i t thcScotr l r \ \ ' l rnk t I l t r t | , t1 ' , t

Centre near the cast le.

Cranachanand raspberries

. tz Scotland

Whisky is good bur anorher dr ink in Scot land is berrer:water. The whisky is good because rhe wlrer from thehi l ls is good. On a hot day, a dr ink of Scott is l -r hi l l warercan be the bcst c lr ink in the worlc l .

Scotta nd a ndthe worLd

Scotland is a srnal l country. Only f ive mi l l ion peoplc l ivc

there. But for mi l l ions mort: across the world, Scot lrr t tc l is

very important. Why is this?

In the 1800s many people lef t Scot lancl r t t rc l werrt t ()

other countr ies. Pcopr lc i t t t l - re Highlencls lcf t tht ' i r ' l t , r t r t . . 's

and vi l lages bccattsc t l t t ' r ' rvt ' r . ' \ 'crv l )( )( ) l ' : l t t ( l l t t t t tgt ' r :

\ , '

t

$#l|t\,1ilr :,.',i .t

Sometimes the rich people there wanred them ro leave.

Marry others from the south of Scot land lef t because

they wanted a better life in a new country. Between the

1820s and 7914, more than two mil l ion people wenr from

Scotland across the seas to the United States, Canada,

Australia, and New Zealand. More went in the 1920s.

Today there are six mi l l ion Scott ish Americans in the

USA. Every year many people wir lk through New York

on 6 Apri l - Tertrrn Dey. A lot of Scott is l r Anrcr icans go

back to Scot lerrc l i ts t ( ) r r r is ts. ' [ ' l r r ' ] , rvrrnt to f ind their past

nn. l to un( l ( ' r \ t r ln( l i t .

So Scot l r rucl is int l ) ( ) t ' r :u) t i r r t l rc st()ry of other col lntr ies

too. Two great Scots i rr thc USA rrrc Alexander Graham

Bell (1847-1922) ancl Anclrcw, (.rrrncgie (1837-1919). Bell

made the f i rst telephonc. Hc begrrrr the Bel l Telephone

Company in 1877, and by 188.5 nrore than 150,000 people

- - t - \

---_ \.\ --\'-

' Leavinsl*flff;.ad:,

i r r the USA had telephorres. ln l9 l . r l r t '

nrrrcle the first telephor-re call across tltt '

Unitecl States fron New York to Srttr

Fr irncisco. After he died in Cattaclr t , rr t

the age of seventy-five, all the te lephorle s

in North America were quiet for ot tc

minute to re member him.

Andrew Carnegie's family lcf t

Scotland when he was elevelt ancl wettt

to the USA. Carnegie worked harcl , r t t rc l

by the 1880s he had many l-rr ts i t rcsst 's

and was very r ich - t l - rc r ic l r t 'st t t t : t t t i t t

the wor lc l . Whcrt hc st , ,1 ' t1t . ' .1 r t t , t l< i t t t l '

hc gal 'c his t t t r t t t . ' t to ot l t t ' t ' pt opl t ' .

( , l r r t tcgi t ' 's t t l ( , t t ( ' \ ' l r r l i l t t . , l l , , , , l t ,

36 Scotland

universi t ies, and other bui ldings in the LISA, the UK,Austral ia, New Zealand, and lreland. Tlrciey his moneyst i l l helps mi l l ions of people around rhe world everyyear.

Many Scots love to vis i t other countr ics and do newthings. David Livingstone (1813-1873) went to Afr ica tobegin schools and to tel l Afr icarrs about Christ iani ty. Hcwas thc f i rst European to see the Victor ia Fal ls, betwcen

Scotlantl trntl t l tt r lt,t l , l

Zambia and Zimbabwe, and the f i rst to go i . rcr()ss r \ l t ' t t . r

f rom the At lant ic in the west to the Indian Ocealr i t t t l t t '

east. Alan Bean (1932-) is a Scott ish Amcrican. Wherr

he went to the moon in 1969 -

only the fourth man to walk on

the moorr - he took some tartan

with him. Scots l ike to so to new

places!

Who is the most famous Scot

in the world toclay? To many

people i t is thc f i lm strr Sean

Conr-rery(1930-) . Scrtn ( lot t t rcrv

did a lot of c l i f fcrerrt i . l rs [ ' t ' l , t ' t '

he began w<lrk i r rg i t t tc l t ' r ' is iotr

and cinema. Therr i r r l96l l t . . ' r r ' , t t

James Bor-rd in thc l i rst . f r t t t t t 's

Bond f i lm, Dr Nr. , . Ai ter t l r is

he was famous evcrywhcre. I lc

made six more James Borrd f i lnrs,

and macle many other f i lms after

that. To many pcople, his best

filrn is The Untouchables 0,987).

Connery does not make f i lms now

and does not l ive in Scot land, but

he loves Scot land very much and

does not want i t to be part of the

Unitecl Kinsdom.

3938

Scot[a nd

Scotland t <t day and l ( ) t f i ( )rr( ) t t l

tru today il*:Jffilwrt lk r t lorrg t l tc Ikr t ' : r l Mi l t ' , c l i rnb thc

thc is l r t t rc ls, r t t t . l scc i t l i r r yotrrst ' l l ' .

and tomorrow

The story of Scotland is interesting and sometimes

exciting, but it is not an easy story. Some Scots, like Sean

Connery, want Scotland to be just Scotland, and nor part

of the United Kingdom.

Scotland is stil l a country of rich and poor. The past

is important, but many Scots also wanr to think about

Scotland today and tomorrow. The Scots in the USA,

Austraf ia, Canada, ancl New Zealand love the old rhings

- the music, the dancing, the tartans. But many of the

Scots in Scotland want their country to look to rhe furure,

not the past. Scotland, they say, can be like Norway - a

country with five million people and with a lot of money

from oil. Scotland has money from oil, fish farming,

vis i ts from tourists, barrks, compl l ters, and many other

businesses. And there is new I i te hcrc: new business, new

cinema, new music. Things are changing in Scot land.

Today there is a Scottish Parliament in Edinburgh. It is

in an interesting new building on the Royal Mile. People

from every town and city in Scodand come here to talk

about their country. Some Scots want Scotland to speak

for itself, in Europe and in the world.\What is in the future for Scotland? Nobody knows. But

it is always going to be a beautiful, special place. Perhaps

4l40

GLO S SARY

also too; as well

bank a building or business for keeping money safelybattle a fight between armies in a warbeach the place where you can walk next to the seabeat to win a fight or gamebecome to grow or change, and begin to be somethingbeef rncat fronr lr cowbusiness buying arrd scll irrg things; a place where people sell or

make things

buy to give money for somethingcapital (city) the most imporrant city in a countrycastle a large, stone buildingcentre the part in the middle of somethingChristian following the teachings of Jesus Christ;

Christianity (n) the religion that follows Jesus Christcircle a round shape

climb to go up towards the rop of somethingdance to move your body ro musicdifficult not easy to doempty with nothing in or on itfestival a time when a lot of people come together ro have fun,

make music, dance etcfilm a story in pictures that you see at rhe cinema or on TVfish farming (n) breedingfish as a businessfood what you eargas somerhing with a srrong smell that you burn to make heatgolden eagle a large bird that kills small animals for foodgreat importanr or specialgrey with a colour like black and white mixed togethergun somerhing that shoots out bullets to kil l peoplehigh a long way above the groundisland a piece of land with water around itki lt a heavy skirt made of tartan

Glossary

king the most important rnan it.r a country

life the time that you rlrc alive; the way that you live

marmalade a soft swcct food made from sugar with orangcs or

lemons

mountain a very high hill

museum a place where you can look at old or interesting things

music when you sing or play an instrument, you make music;

musician (z) a person who makes music

oats a plant with seeds that are used as food

oil a thick l iquid that comes from under the ground, used for

energy

parliament the pcople who make the laws in a country

park a large placc with trccs itttcl glrdcns whcre pcoplc crtr ' l g()

to walk, play glnrcs ctc

part one of the picccs of sotrrctl l i l lg

place where something <lr sotrtclrotly is

poem words written in l ir.rcs itt i ttt rtrt istic w;ty

poor with very little money

queen the most important woman it l :t eottt ltry

rock the very hard material that is itt thc grottttt l

school a place where people go to learn

soldier a person in an army

special not usual or ordinary

sport a game like football, tennis etc

steam engine a machine that uses the power from steam ttl d<r

things

story words that tell you about what happened in a certain

place or t inrc

theatre st<lrics pcrforttrccl l'ry actors

tourist a pcrs()rl wlro visits ,r plrlcc on holiclrry

university a plrtcc wltcrc pcoplc sttr. ly rlftcr t lrey lcrtve scltool

whisky a strong i r lcr>lrol ic t l r i t tk

wor ld the earth wi th r t l l i ts cort t t t r ics r t t t t l pcopl t '

43

Scotland ACTIVITI I lS

Before Reading

I Match the words to the pictures. You can use a diction:rry.

l lwal l 2Ibeach 3Etartan

4l is land 5Imountain 6 lcast le

You will find eight of these words in the book. Which oncs

do vou think you will find? Whv?

ACTIVITIES

n foothall E ship

I oi l fJ 1' ' ,rrtyI guitar ! solcl icr '

E tclc l ' t l totrc

I I r r r r rbrr l : r tcr '

[ ] t l t ' t t 'c t ivc

I tcrr t t is

I t l l ink

l : tppl t 's

-1544

ACTIVITIES

\X/hile Reading

Read Chapter 1, then circle the correct words.

1 Scotland is a country berween the Atlantic I

Mediterranean and the North Sea.

Most Scottish people live in the north I south of the

counrry.

Scotland has about S0 I 800 islands.

A person from Scotland is a Scot I Scotch.

Scottish people are British I English.

Today everyone in Scotland speaks Gaelic I English.

In the past, Scotland was richer I poorer than it is now.

AcrtvtrlEs : .W

h ile Re ading

Read Chapters 3 and 4, then circle a, b, or c.

1 -is the capital city of Scotland.

a) Glasgow b) Edinburgh c) London

2 The - Mile goes from Edinburgh Castle ttr

Holyroodhouse.

a) Royal b) Old c) Lorrg

3 Hogmanay is thc Scott is l r t t r t t t tc ' for

a) Chr istnr i ts l ' t ) st t t l l t l tc t ' e) t l l )ct t ' t t t l r t ' t '

4 - is thc biggcst c i ty i r r Scot l ; r r t t l .

a) Edinburgh b) l l i r rrr i r rghrrrrr () ( i l ; lsgorv

5 In the 1800s, Glasg<lw startecl to l 'rccottte riclt bctrtttst'

people - there.

a) built ships b) had festivals c) founcl oil

6 Glasgow Celtic and Glasgow - are footb:rll tcill l ls.

a) United b) Rangers c) CitY

Read Chapters 5 and 6. Complete the sentences with thc

correct places.

Aberdeen I Ben Neuis I Dundee I the Highlands I Inucrncss I

lonalLewislSt i r l ing

1 Boats and planes leave - every day for the oil and gas

fields of the North Sea.

2 Marmalade from - is famous all over the world.

3 A lot of bagpipers come to - every Septen-rber.

4 Mary became queen of Scotland at -castle .

5 You can see lochs and hills, and deer ar-rd eaglcs, itt

6 - is the highest mountain in the Urr i tccl Ki trgt lot tr '

7 The bodies of many Scottish kings arc ort

8 There is a 5.000-vear-old stoue circlc ott

3

4

5

67

Read Chapter 2. Match these halves of senrences.

1 The hills of north-west Scotland are . . .

2 People first lived in Scotland . . .

3 The Scottish king Macbeth is famous . . .

4 Mary became queen of Scotland . . .

5 England and Scotland became Grear Britain . . .

6 After the Battle of Culloden . . .

a in 1707.

b because Shakespeare wrote about him.

c when she was six days old.

d more than2,700 million years old.

e many poor families left the Highlands.

f about 9,000 years ago.

. t '46 Acrtv lrtF.s : W h il e Re ading

Read Chapter 7. There is one mistake in each sentence.Write the correct senrences.

1 Golf began in England.

2 Glasgow is the most important place for golf in

Scot land.

3 Celtic and Rangers are famous cycling clubs.

4 Between May and September, people meet ar the Island

Games in more than a hundred different places in

Scot land.

5 A kilt needs about two metres of tartan.

6 The Clan Donald families went from Scotland to

England about 150 years ago.

Before you read Chapter 8, think about the chapter title,Fiue Great Scots. Do you know any famous people fromScotland? Why are they famous? Are they people fromhistory, or are they stil l alive?

Read Chapter 8. Answer the questions.

1 Why did Adam Smith go to Rome? How long did he stay

there?

2 How old was David Hume when he went to university?

3 Where did Hume meet Voltaire and Rousseau?

4 \)fhat do people eat and drink at a Burns Night dinner?

5 \X/hen do people sing Auld Lang Syne'?

6 'What did James tX/att like to do when he was a child?

7 Vhat did James S7att and Matthew Boulton make?

8 Which university did Arthur Conan Doyle go to?

9 \Jfhat was Arthur Conan Doyle's firsr job?

10 tWhat was the name of Sherlock Holmes's friend?

ACTtv r' uti.s: W lt i I c l i t ' , t t l i r t y

Read Chapter 9. Are these sentences tr t rc ( | ) ol l ; r l rc ( l ' )?

1 People make porr idge from vegetablcs r l l r ( l \ \ ' . l l ( ' t .

2 After 1900, many people came to Scotlrttrcl l.t 'orrr lt,rlt '

and India.

3 Fish farming is very important for Scotland.

4 Gleneagles is a cheap hotel near Perth.

5 Men in some parts of Glasgow have a shorter life th,rrr

most British men.

5 The word whisky comes from the Gaelic for'water of

the hi l ls ' .

Read Chapter 10. Choose the best question word for thesc

questions, and then answer them.

How many lWhat l .Who l 'Why

1 . . . people live in Scotland?

2 . . . did Alexander Graham Bell make?

3 . . . was the richest man in the world in the 1fitlOs?

4 . . . did David Livingstone go to Africa?

5 . . . did Alan Bean take to thc rr lootr in 1969?

Read Chapter 11. Complete the summary with these

words.

free, future, loue, oil, part, people, Scottisb, tartan

The Scots in the USA and Canada - the old things,

like Scottish dancing and -. But many of the - irr

Scotland want their country to look to the -, ttot f ltc

past. Some - people do not want Scotlatrcl to l 'rc -

of the United Kingdom. They want it to I'rc rl - c()tll ltry'

with a lot of money from -.

48

ACTIVITIES

After Reading

Here are two postcards from different places in Scotland.Complete them using the words below.

Ben, capital, Castle, eagle, festiual, film, Gaelic, highest,Highlands, hill, island, lochs, Mile, Scottish, uisitors, west

. tc/ r \ ' / l t t , \ : i \ f l ( r / ( r ' , r , / l r r ,q 49

Use the clues below to complcte t l t is c lossrvot ' t l rv i t l t rvt t rds

from the story. Then f ind the hiddcrr r t i t tc lc t lc l rvort l '

1 Shakespeare wrote about this Scottish king.

2 A - is a big, old Scott ish family. I t has i ts owl. l t i l r t i l r r .

3 Many Scots people love the poems of Robert -.4 The Scots word for the last day of the year, whetr t l rcrt ' is

a big street party in Edinburgh.

5 Cul loden was the last big - in Great Bri t rr i r r .

6 This began to br ing money into Scot land irr th. ' l ( )"0s.

7 Nearly two thousand years ago, the Ror.rrr trrs btr i l t

Hadrian's - across the most northcrt t pr l t ' l ( ) l

England.

8 Some houses on the Orkney Is lar tc ls, i r r t l r t ' 1,rr 11111 111 ' lScotland, are the - ir-r Ettrol're .

9 Annie Lentrox is r nrusic i r t t t [ t ' , , t t t

The hidden word in the crosswortl is

Which ci ty is famous for this l ixr t l?

Hi!'We'ru staYingr in Oban, in lhe- of

Saof/anL' Llsl week wa lraYe//eA

Around fhe -. We saw so'ne beaufifu/

lakes the Saofs aa// fhen I an/- we

wa/ked- olt- NeYis, fhe - mounfAin

in fha unifaA- Kinqd-on' We saw,an-

hiah in fhe skY't Nex/ waek we'ra

oJiro fo visil 1kYa, a beaufifu/-''sorb peop/e fhere sPeak -!

See you! Rico and ltlaraia

' , ] ( ! : . l l : j : [ ] ' : i ' l l i '1 ] i . , ' ' l t j : i . . ! i ! . : :1 i i l : | ' l ! ] ] i : . l l i i ] l i , l i l ] : : : l l i

Hello!

Y.1? in Edinburlhl lt,r the_- citv of..".,H;L* t-:yft,aad we.re esoyinj thetnere xre tlvusards of--- in tie city.there is tots to do. We watcheJl at thecineraa lart ni4ht. Bz.fore that, u€;k ed alorlthe Royar to ta,"u*ti--]l ,i1, ,,1, nooA 4-.--. Top,ornou

. pru4ic at the ;fJ:rril-tn.hea'r to".e

Byul Ti^a and .foe] : . ! , : i :a l . ]dr4, . . : : ] , i ! . :q ' . ' |+. , .1f . : :a| . . ,1,{ j : l r f : r4 'n i : ! . r ' ]1 i - i r l i i : : - , i : ! ;

1r

t

fl

f

50 ACTrv tr t F,s : Aft e r Re a ding

Compare Scotland with your country. Use the informationin this book.

You can begin like this:

There are abour five million people in Scotland, but in(my country) there are _people. People in Scotlandspeak English, and some people speak Gaelic too. In (my

country) people speak _.

You can write about:. food and drink. the weather. birds and animals. sports and activities. things that bring money into the country

Choose a city or part of Scotland that you would like tovisit (for example, Edinburgh, Skye, or the Highlands). Findsome more information about it, and make a poster or givea talk to your class. Think about these questions:

. \7hy would you like ro go there?

. 'What can visitors see and do there?

. What can you find out about its history or its famouspeople?

. What do people make or do in this part of Scotland?

You can find more information about places to visit inScotland at www.visitscotland.com andhttp: / / en.wikipedi a.or g/ w iki / Scotl and.

51

ABOUT THE AUTHOR

Steve Flinders is a Brit ish trainer and writer who has l ivcd and

worked in Pakistan, Sweden, Ireland, and France as wcll as in

the UK. He now lives in the beautiful city of York in the north of

England and is a director of a training company' York Associates.

His wife is French-Italian and they have three grown-up sons. His

main iob is teaching business people and politicians in York and

all over Europe. In his spare time he likes reading, talking politics'

going to the theatre, swimming, playing squash badly, and sleeping.

His other Oxford Bookworm Factfile title is The Beautiful Game

(Stage 2).

He is not a Scot but fell in love with Scotland when, at the age

of ten, he went on a camping holiday to the island of Colonsay

with the Scouts. Since then, he has had many walking holidays

there and has climbed many of its best hil ls. He sti l l bclicvcs that

Scotland is one of the most beautiful cottntries in thc world - when

it 's not raining!

52 53

OXFORD BOOK\rORMS LIBRARY

Classics. Crime (t Mystery. Factfiles. Fantasy (y HorrorHuman lnterest . Playscripts . Thriller (t Aduenture

True Stories..Woild Stories

The oxroto BooKwoRMs LTBRARv provides enjoyable reading in English,with a wide range of classic and modern fiction, non-fiction, and plays.It includes original and adapted texts in seven carefully graded languagestages, which take learners from beginner to advanced level. An overviewis given on the next pages.

All Stage 1 titles are available as audio recordings, as well as over eightyother titles from Starter to Stage 6. All Starters and many titles at Stages 1to 4 are specially recommended for younger learners. Every Bookworm isillustrated, and Starters and Fact6les have full-colour illustrations.

The oxponn BooKwoRMs LTBRARv also offers extensive support. Eachbook contains an introduction to the story, notes about the author, aglossary, and activities. Additional resources include tests and worksheets,and answers for these and for the activities in the books. There is adviceon running a class library using audio recordings, and the many ways ofusing Oxford Bookworms in reading programmes. Resource materials areavailable on the websire <www.oup.com/bookworms>.

The Oxford Bookworms Collection is a series for advanced learners. Itconsists of volumes of short stories by well-known authors, both classicand modern. Texts are not abridged or adapted in any way but carefullyselected to be accessible ro the advanced student.

You can find details and a full list of ritles in the OxfordLibrary Catalogue and Oxford English Language Teacbingand on the website <www.oup.com/bookworms>.

Bookuorms

Catalogues,

THE OXFORD BOOKWORMS LIBRARYGRADING AND SAMPLH, H,XTRACTS

STARTER . ?.5O HF]AD\JUORDS

present simple - prese nt c()lltiltl'l()Lls - inrpcrlltive -

canlcannot, must - going to (future) - sitnplc gcrtrnds " '

Her phone is ringing - but where is it?

Sally gets out of bed and looks in her bag' No phone'

She looks under the bed. No phone' Then she looks behind

the door. There is her phone. Sally picks up her phone and

answers it. sally's Phone

STAGETo4OOHEADWORDS

... past simple - coordination with and, but, or -

subordination with before, after, when, because, so "'

I knew him in Persia. He was a famous bui lder and I

worked with him there. For a t ime I was his fr iend, but

not for long. When he canle to Paris' I camc after him -

I wanted to watch him' He was a vcry clcver' very dau€ierous

man. The Phantom of the OPera

STAGE2C/QOHEADWORDS

. . . present perfect - will (futve) - (don't) haue to, must not, could -

comparison of adiectives - simple i/clauses - past continuous -

tag questions - askl tell * infinitive . . .

While I was writing these words in my diary, I decided what to

do. I must try to escape. I shall try to get down the wall outside'

The window is high above the ground' but I have to try' I shall

take some of the gold with me - i f I escape, perhaps i t wi l l be

helpful later. Dracula

54

STAGESoroooHEADwoRDs

... sbould, may - present perfect continu ous - used to _ past perfect _causative - relative clauses - indirect statements .. .

Of course, it was most important that no one should see Colin,Mary, or Dickon entering the secret garden. So Colin gave ordersto the gardeners thar they must all keep away from that part ofthe garden in future. The Secret Garden

STAGE 4.I4oo HEADWORDS

. .. past perfect continuous - passive (simple forms) _would conditional clauscs - indirect qu€stions _

relatives with uherelwhzr - gerunds after prepositions/phrases ...

I was glad. Now Hyde could not show his face to the worldagain. If he did, every honest man in London would be proudto report him to the police. Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde

STAGE5.I8ooHEADWORDS

. .. future continuous - future perfect _passive (modals, continuous forms) _

u.,ould haue conditional clauses - modals { perfect infinitive .. .

If he had spoken Estella's name, I would have hit him. I was soangry with him, and so depressed about my future, that I couldnot eat the breakfast. Instead I went straight to the old house.Great Expectations

STAGE6.z5ooHEADWORDS

... passive (infinitives, gerunds) - advanced modal meanings _

clauses of concession. condi t ion

Vhen I stepped up ro the piano, I was confidenr. It was as if Iknew that the prodigy side of me really did exist. And when Istarted to play, I was so caught up in how lovely I looked thatI didn't worry how I would sound. TheJoy LuckCtub

55

BOOK\vOILMS l ' , l { t , l ' : s l ( ) l { l l ' ls s lA( i l r I

Mary, Queen of Sc<ltsTIM VI( l i \ l { \ '

England and Scotland in the 1.500s' J 'wo frt t l totts ( l trccl ls - MLrry'

the Cathol ic Queen of Scots, and t l izabctlr l , t l rc l)rotcstxt l t ( f t lccl l

of England. I t was an excit ing and a dlngcr()t ls r i l l lc to bc rr l ivc,

and to be a queen.

Mary was Queen of Scotland when she was ollc wcck olcl. At

sixteen, she was also Queen of France. She was tal l and bcatl t i ful ,

with red-gold hair. Many men loved her and died for hcr.

But she also had many enemies - men who said: 'The dcath of

Mary is the l i fe of El izabeth. '

Twenty-five million pcoplc c()nle to England every year, and some

never go out of Londotr. Ilut ltngland is full of interesting places

to visit and things to do. Thcrc arc big r.roisy cit ies with great shops

and theatres, and quict l i tt lc vil lrrgcs. Yrtt clttt visit old castles and

beautiful churches - ()r g() to fcstivrl ls with tt ltrsic twcnty-four

hours a day. You can havc trr F.l lg,l ish itftcrttoolt tcir, wrrlk otl long

white beaches, watch a grc.tt gatrrc 0f footlrit l l , or visit i l c()uutry

house. Yes, England has sotnctlrittg for cvcrylrocly - wlri l t has it got

for you?

BOoK!OOI{MS FACTFILES STAGE I

Tr l l.E nglano

. l ( )HN ESCOTT

56

BOOKlYORMS FACTFILES STAGE 2

The Beautiful Game;TEVE FLINDERS

Some call it football, some call it soccer, and to others it's

'the beautiful game'. By any name, it's a sport with some

fascinating stories. There is murder in Colombia, and a game that

lasts for two days where many players never see the ball. There's the

French writer who learnt lessons about life from playing football,

and the women players who had to leave the club grounds because

''Women's football isn't nice'.

The cups, the leagues, the World Cup finals, the stars, therules - they're all a part of the world's favourite sport, rhe

beautiful game.

BOOKWORMS FACTFILES STAGE 2

IrelandTIM VICARY

There are many different Irelands. There is the Ireland of peaceful

rivers, green fields, and beautiful islands. There is the Ireland of

song and dance, pubs and theatres - rhe country of James Joyce,Bob Geldof, and Riverdance. And there is the Ireland of guns,

fighting, death, and the hope of peace. Come with us and visit allof these Irelands - and many more . . .