Lesson Overview Lesson Overview Studying Life Bell Ringer What is the difference between a hypothesis and a scientific theory? ____________________________________________.

Lesson OverviewLesson Overview Studying LifeStudying Life

Bell RingerWhat is the difference between a hypothesis and a scientific theory?

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Bell RingerWhat are 2 benefits of being able to produce / make human organs?

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Bell RingerWhat is an easy way to remember how to convert units in the metric system?

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Lesson OverviewLesson Overview1.3 Studying Life1.3 Studying Life


Daily Objectives

-List the characteristics that all living things share.-Identify the central themes of biology.-Explain how life can be studied at different levels.


Characteristics of Living ThingsBiology is the science that employs the scientific method to study the living world

What are some characteristics of living things?


Characteristics of Living ThingsLiving things share the following characteristics:

1. Made up of units called cells2. Based on a universal genetic code (DNA)3. Obtain and use matter and energy4. Grow and Develop5. Reproduce6. Maintain a stable internal environment7. Change over time8. Respond to their environment


Cellular Basis of LifeOrganisms are composed of one or more cells,

which are the smallest units that can be considered fully alive.

Cells can grow, respond to their surroundings, and reproduce.

Plant Cell Bacterial Cell


Cellular Basis of LifeIf an organism is composed of only a single cell it is referred

to as a unicellular organism.The cells in multicellular organisms (many celled) are

remarkably diverse, existing in a variety of sizes and shapes.

Ex. The human body alone is made up of at least 85 types of cells.

Red Blood Cells


Information and HeredityThe genetic code is common, with minor variations, to

every organism on Earth.That information, carried in DNA, is copied and passed

from parents to offspring (Children).


Matter and EnergyMatter serves as nutrients to build body structures

and energy is used to fuel the processes of life.


Matter and EnergyPlants obtain energy from sunlight and take up the

nutrients they need from air, water, and soil.

Animals must consume other organisms to obtain both nutrients and energy.


Growth and DevelopmentGrowth = When an organism gets bigger or increases in

sizeExample: Lifting Weights

Development = When an organism gets more complex or specialized

Example: Puberty


ReproductionAll organisms produce new organisms through a process called

reproduction. Sexual Reproduction – Cells from two different parents unite to produce the first cell of the new organism.

Asexual Reproduction – The new cell has a single parent.Ex. Budding


HomeostasisAn organism’s ability to maintain a relatively stable

internal environment.


EvolutionEvolution, or the change in living things over time,

explains inherited similarities as well as the diversity of life.


Structure and FunctionStructures evolve in ways that make particular

functions possible, allowing organisms to adapt to a wide range of environments.


Interdependence in NatureAll forms of life on Earth are connected together into a

biosphere, which literally means “living planet.”

Relationships between organisms and their environment depend on these processes:1.Flow of energy2.Cycling of matter


Science as a Way of Knowing-Science is not just a list of “facts.”-The job of science is to use observations, questions, and experiments to explain the natural world.


Response to the EnvironmentOrganisms detect and respond to stimuli from their

environment.A stimulus is a signal to which an organism

responds.

Ex. Temperature, light, water, movement


Branches of Biology

• Zoologists (Animals)• Botanists (Plants)• Cell Biologists (Cells)• Geneticists (DNA)• Ecologists (Environment)


Branches of BiologySome of the levels at which life can be studied include:

• Molecules• Cells• Tissues• Organisms• Populations• Communities• Biomes• The Biosphere


Branches of Biology

MoleculesGroups of atoms; smallest unit of most chemical compounds

Water DNA


Branches of Biology

CellsSmallest functional unit of life

Nerve cell


Branches of Biology

Groups of CellsTissues, organs, and organ systems

Nervous tissue Brain Nervous system


Branches of Biology

OrganismIndividual living thing

Bison


Branches of Biology

PopulationGroup of organisms of one type that live in the same area

Bison herd


Branches of Biology

CommunityPopulations that live together in a defined area

Hawk, snake, bison, prairie dog, grass


Branches of Biology

EcosystemCommunity and its nonliving surroundings

Hawk, snake, bison, prairie dog, grass, stream, rocks, air


Branches of Biology

BiosphereThe part of Earth that contains all ecosystems

Lesson Overview Lesson Overview Studying Life Bell Ringer What is the difference between a hypothesis and a scientific theory? ____________________________________________.

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