Lesson 4 HOCH

HOCH Lesson 4

33. The Passive Voice34. The Present Tense Passive of the Circumstantial Forms35. The Past Tense Passive of the Circumstantial Forms36. A Variation on the Statement of Fact: Noun+sDm.f37. Another Variation on the Statement of Fact: iw.f sDm.f38. Circumstantial Clauses that modify Nouns:The Relative Clause with Indefinite Antecedent39. The Dependent Pronouns 40. Feminine and Plural Forms of the Particle mk43. An Overview of Adjectives44. The Predicate Adjective45. The exclamatory .wy47. The Independent Use of the Feminine Singular46. The Impersonal Predicate Adjective + Dative48. The Adjective + Noun: A Bound Construction50. The SuperIative Notion49. The Comparison of Adjectives #2

From Lesson 3,29. The Circumstantial sDm.f Form #1Active voice Subject performs the action Bob throws the ballPassive voice The action is done to the subject The ball is thrown by Bob

Verb Forms29 circumstantial active sDm.f30 past circumst. Active sDm.n.f34 present circumst. passive35 past circumst. passive57 infinitive72 1st prospective active72 1st prospective passive84 Stative

Circumstantial Forms

33. The Passive Voiceactive voice He eats lots of olives.passive voice Lots of olives are eaten by him.There are two ways of forming the passiveThe most common uses the verbal infix twActive voice Subject performs the action Jack hits Jill

Passive voice The action is done to the subject Jill is hit by Jack

34. The Passive of the Circumstantial Forms: Present TensesDm.f present tense active sDm.tw.f present tense passive

35. The Past Tense Passive of the Circumstantial Forms:The past tense circumstantial passive form is sDm(w).fiw nHm(w) Hm.f in pHty.f aAHis Majesty was rescued by his great strength.Take care, the w of the sDm(w).f passive is regularly left off, the forms tend to look like present tense, active circumstantial sDm.f forms

Remember slide Lesson 3, 28. Verb Classes?See Hoch Appendix 1

ClassesRoot Form sDm.fForm sDm.n.fStrong Verbs AB ABAB.nABC ABCABC.nWeak Verbs ABi, ABw or ABy ABi, ABwAbi.n, Abw.nABCi or ABCw ABCi or ABCwABCi.n or ABCw.nDoubling verbsABB ABBAB.n

http://bobmanske.com/hochverbforms.shtml

ClassesRoot Form sDm.tw.fForm sDm(w).fStrong Verbs ABAB.twAB.(w)ABC ABC.twABC.(w)Weak Verbs ABi, ABw ABi.twABi/ABw(w)ABCi or ABCwDoubling verbsABB ABB.tw

36. A Variation on the Statement of Fact: Noun+sDm.fInstead of starting with iw or mk, one can simply place the noun that would be the subject of the sentence at the head of the sentence.imn HtpAmenhotepDd.fhe saysn Hry-tp.fto his superiorn Dws(.i)I not denouncesmanHow does this fit on the grid?

37. Another Variation on the Statement of Fact: iw.f sDm.fiw.f sDm.f construction produces a very light sense of emphasisiw.r n(y) sA mans words

swHimSee 39

n Hm.fsaves he/it

38. Circumstantial Clauses that modify Nouns:The Relative Clause with Indefinite AntecedentCircumstantial clauses usually describe the circumstances under which a main clause is true: because, since, for, when, as, while, wheneverIf it modifes the noun, it is a relative clause: who, which, that

38.#2The Relative ClauseEverything from 'nDs' on goes in the O slot in the first line, not the A slot where it would go if it were simply additional information.

39. The Dependent Pronouns #1

39. The Dependent Pronouns #2The basic use of the dependent pronouns is as the direct object of verbsDependent pronouns when used as the direct object of a verb get as close to the verb as they can, and they precede the subject when it is a noun.

39. The Dependent Pronouns #3 reflexAlthough the reflex is mentioned in 39, it is dealt with later in lesson 7 bAktn(y)twabpnwab.s syservant girl of this wab priest bathes herself

40. Feminine and Plural Forms of the Particle m.k beholdWhy the dot in m.k?

43. An Overview of Adjectives #11) As a Qualifier: modifying a noun,20. Adjectives that describe the noun. (modifiers)Good boatdpt nfrtGood boatsGood housepr nfrGood housespr(w) nfrw1) As a Qualifier: modifying a noun,We did this in Lesson 3Dp(w)t nfr(w)tadjectives as qualifers follow the noun they modify

43. An Overview of Adjectives #21) As a Qualifier: modifying a noun, continued.adjectives pn, tn, and nb are used before other adjectives.

43. An Overview of Adjectives #31) As a Qualifier: modifying a noun, continued.do not follow the noun because they are not adjectives, but nouns meaning (an)other one.

43. An Overview of Adjectives #42) As a Predicate: forming a sentence,More to come on predicates in ~ 44. The Predicate Adjective

43. An Overview of Adjectives #53) As a Noun:We did this in Lesson 321. Adjectives used as nounsThe adjective can stand on its own as a nounnDs poor (man)nfrt beautiful womannfrt pretty cownfrt a good thing

44. The Predicate Adjective #1The adjective, used as predicate, occurs only in sentence initial positioni.e. as the first word of the sentence.It occurs almost always without introductory particle.It can be preceded by mk, but never by iw.The predicate adjective is invariable with regard to gender and number and does not agree with the subject.Tense is not present in sentences employing the predicate adjective.

44. The Predicate Adjective #2 Examples

From the Study Notes:How do you grid these things? They're identical to the subject of the sentence. And they're not pronouns, so they all must go in the big S slot.44. The Predicate Adjective #3 The grid

46. The Impersonal Predicate Adjective + DativeThe predicate adjective, without a subject, can be followed by a dative

The fem. sing. form of the adjective that means:something that is .. . ,what is . .. , a ...thing. 47. The Independent Use of the Feminine Singular

48. The Adjective + Noun: A Bound Construction

In Egyptian there are no superlative forms of adjectives: big, bigger, biggest. 49. The Comparison of Adjectives #1In Egypt things were not just good they were:the best in the entire landThe preposition r can be used to mean: with respect to or compared to. Its known as the r of comparison.

49. The Comparison of Adjectives #2My son is big by comparison to the son of this scribe.It was finer than anything.more than anything.

50. The SuperIative NotionGreat or greatestGreat one of the great onesGrand one of the grandest ones

HOCH Lesson 4Exercise 4b

Refer to HOCH 2013 CorrationsHoch-04PVsioSOA.pdf

Q1b Volcab

iwbAktn(y)twabpnwab.s symsAwt.fSnb(w)tfactofthisbathes herselfindaughters hispoolallThe servant girl of this wab priest bathes herself in the pool together with all of his daughters.Q1biwwab.ssybAktn(y)twabpnmsAwt.fSnb(w)tproposedSee Slide 36

PVsioSA

HOCH 2013 CorrationsHoch-04PVsioSOA.pdf

Q2b VolcabhoneybitNoun (masculine)sweet; pleasant of tastebnrAdjective (masculine)

taste; experiencedptNoun (feminine)

bnrdptn(y)tbitynfrsyrnbtxttA pnhowhoneyall thingsin this landtasteofQ2bsweetm.wyit is better thanbnr .wy dpt n(y)t bitynfrsyrnbtxttA pnmHow sweet the taste of this honey. It is better than all things in this land.

PVsioSA

Q3b VolcabHis MajestyHm.fEpithetto rescuenHmVerb Tri-Consonantal Strongstrength; power (of Gods, Kings)pHtyNoun (masculine)Past Tense Passive?nHm(w)by; throughinPreposition

iwHm.finphty.fbyhis strenghaAQ3bhis MajestygreatnHm(w)His Majesty was rescued by means of his great strengthrescuedHm.fnHm(w)iwinPhty.faA

PVSOA

Q4b Volcabplan; idea; (piece of) advicesxr

Q4bnfr sA.i for him sDm.f n it.f My good sonhe listens to his fatheriw.f m xrdhe is as a childnfr.wyhow goodn.f

PVSOA