Lesson 3 Psychoactive Drugs
Jan 03, 2016
Lesson 3Psychoactive Drugs
Effects of Psychoactive Drugs Chemicals that affect the central nervous system and
alter activity in the brain Change the functioning of the CNS 4 main groups of psychoactive drugs: stimulants,
depressants, opiates and hallucinogens Some serve a medical purpose but when abused
functioning of all body systems are affected Teen brain and body development can be damaged
Consequences of Psychoactive Drugs Poor judgment and behavior Become at risk for unintentional injuries,
violence, STDs, unintended pregnancy and suicide
Club Drugs Describes drugs found at concerts, dance
clubs and drug parties (raves) Can be disguised in foods, or slipped in a
drink w/o a person knowing Designer drugs- synthetic drugs that are
made to imitate the effects of other drugs Can be several hundred times stronger then
the drugs they imitate
Ecstasy Both stimulant and hallucinogenic effects Hallucinogen- drugs that alter moods,
thoughts, and sense of perceptions including vision, hearing, smell and touch
May cause short-term euphoria- a feeling of intense well-being or elation
Rohypnol A.K.A roofies They are depressants- drugs that tend to slow
the central nervous system they are colorless, odorless and tasteless Often called the date-rape drug
GHB- gamma hydroxybutyric acid Central Nervous System depressant Available as a clear liquid, white powder, and
tablets and capsules Can be used as a date-rape drug
Ketamine Anesthetic used to treat animals Causes hallucinations and may result in
respiratory failure Consequences: kidney and cardiovascular
system failure, death, memory loss, numbness, impaired motor function
Methamphetamine (meth) Considered a stimulant- drugs that speed up
the CNS White, odorless, colorless powder that easily
dissolves May provide a short-term euphoria Often causes depression, paranoia, and
delusions Can cause death
LSD (acid) Lysergic acid diethylamide Causes hallucinations and severely distorted
perceptions of sound and color Flashbacks can occur (states in which the user
experiences the emotional effects of a drug long after its actual use)
May experience emotions ranging from extreme euphoria to panic, to terror, or deep depression
Other Stimulants Cocaine Crack Amphetamines
Cocaine Rapidly acting, powerful and highly addictive
stimulant White powder extracted from the leaves of the coca
plant Illegal May experience a surge of self-confidence and
euphoria Feelings of confidence are followed by feelings of
emotional let down Regular use can lead to depression, fatigue, paranoia
and physiological dependence
Crack Dangerous form of cocaine (also called rock
or freebase rock) Reaches the brain in seconds after being
smoked or injected Once in blood, heart rate and blood pressure
soar to dangerous levels Cardiac and respiratory failure can result in
death
Amphetamines Highly addictive Some use to stay alert, improve athletic
performance or lose weight Regular use can cause irregular heartbeat,
paranoia, aggressive behavior, and heart failure
Other Depressants Slow heart and respiration rates and lowers blood
pressure Barbiturates
Sedatives that are rarely used for medical purposes Causes mood changes, excessive sleepiness and coma
Tranquilizers Relieve anxiety, muscle spasms, sleeplessness and
nervousness When overused, can cause physiological and
psychological dependence, coma and death
Hallucinogens Can cause serious mental/emotional and physical
consequences for users Alter mood, and impair judgment, thoughts and
sense of perception May behave in way they usually wouldn’t and
believe they are invincible Can cause increase in heart and respiratory rates
which can lead to heart and respiratory failure and can cause coma
Overload sensory controls in the brain causing confusion, intensified sensations and hallucinations
PCP (angel dust) Most dangerous of all drugs Effects vary for each user Creates distorted sense of time, increased muscle
strength, increased feelings of violence, and inability to feel pain
Overdoses can cause death Most PCP deaths are caused by the destructive
behavior or disorientation that the drug produces Flashbacks can occur
DXM (tussin) Cough suppressant sold as over-the-counter
medicine When used properly it is not dangerous When misused, can cause hallucinations,
paranoia, panic attacks, nausea, increased heart rate and blood pressure, seizures and addiction
Mushrooms or Peyote Hallucinogens found in nature as a fungus or
plant When eaten, they cause hallucinations, nausea
and flashbacks Can lead to poisoning and death when dealers
harvest toxic species
Opiates Also called narcotics Drugs such as those derived from the opium plant that are
obtainable only by prescription and are used to relieve pain When used accordingly following directions provided by a
healthcare professional, they are an effective pain reliever Abusing opiates dulls senses, causes drowsiness,
constipation, slow and shallow breathing, convulsions and death
Pharmacists record all sales of opiates since it is very addictive
Codeine Highly active ingredient in some prescription
cough medicines Can cause drowsiness Can cause dizziness, labored breathing, low
blood pressure, seizures and respiratory arrest
Morphine Much stronger then codeine Sometimes prescribed to treat severe pain for
a short time Side effects include fast or slow heartbeat,
seizures, hallucinations, blurred vision, rashes and difficulty swallowing
Heroin Processed form of morphine that is injected, snorted
or smoked Comes in different forms: white or brownish
powder, and a black, sticky tar Dealers may mix heroin w/ medicines or household
substances to create other forms, such as “cheese” or “cheese heroin”
Slows breathing and pulse rate Can cause infection of the heart lining and valves as
well as liver disease
Oxycodone When used properly under supervision of a
doctor, it’s a prescription drug that helps relieve moderate to severe chronic pain
Side effect – suppression of the respiratory system which can cause death from respiratory failure
Homework Pg. 610 # 1-5 To be collected next class