Lesson 1 -Introduction to Physics

Chapter 1 – Introduction to Physics

1 Which one of the following is not a base quantity?

A Length B Weight C Current D Time

2 Which one of the following is not a base unit?

A Celsius B Ampere C Kilogram D Second

3 All derived quantities can be derived from base quantities by

A addition operation or subtraction operationB addition operation or subtraction operation or both C multiplication operation or division operationD multiplication operation or division operation or both

4 The S.I. base unit for mass is

A gram B miligram C kilogram D mikrogram

5 Which one of the base quantities is not involve in force?

A Length B Time C Temperature D Mass

6 Which of the derived quantities is the combination of a base quantities only?

A Force B Volume C Acceleration

7 Which one of the following pairs of derived quantities is true?

A Work and massB Force and current

C Pressure and temperature D Weight and potential difference

8 Which of the following physical quantities is a base quantity

A The weight of an astronaut on the Moon’s surface is 10 N.B The velocity of a cyclist rides a bicycle is 70 km h-1

C The perimeter of a field is 380 mD The power of a lamp is 60 W.

9 Which one of the base quantities is not involve in acceleration?

A Length B Mass C Time

10 Which one of the following apparatus is not be used to measure the density of a metal cube?

A Ruler B Stop watch C Triple beam balance

11 Which one of the following derived quantities contains length and time only?

A Velocity B Momentum C Force D Pressure

Physics Panel SMSKP1

TUTORIAL 1


12 Which one of the following is true?Physical quantity Type of physical quantity S.I. Unit

A Momentum Derived quantity Kg m s-2

B Temperature Base quantity o CC Work Derived quantity kg m 2 s -2

D Area Base quantity m 2

13 The kinetic energy of a moving object is given by E = ½ m v 2

where m = mass and v = velocity. The number of the base quantities involve in the kinetic energy ,E is A 1B 2C 3

14 Which of the following pairs of physical quantities and S.I. units is true? Physical quantity S.I. unit

A Area foot squaredB Weight KilogramC Power Joules per minuteD Density Kilograms per metre cubed

15 Which one of the following is true?

A The S.I. units of charge is A sB The S.I. units of volume is cm 3

C The S.I. units of velocity is km j - 1

D The S.I. units of acceleration is cm s- 2

16 A physical quantity is given by M = ¾ e d 2

where the unit of e is unit kilogram and the unit of d is metre. The units of M are

A kg 2 m B kg - 2 m C kg m 2 D kg m - 2

17 The period of oscillation for an inertial balance is given by T 2 = k m

where T = The period of oscillation and the unit is s ,

m = Mass and the unit is kg k = constant

The units of k are

A kg s2 B kg- 1 s 2 C kg s D kg- 2 s-1

18 Which of the following quantity is a scalar quantity.

A Weight B Volume C Force D Acceleration

19 Which of the following quantity is a vector quantity.

A Work B Power C Velocity D Distance



20 Which one of the following pairs of vector quantities is true?

A Impulse and area B Power and pressure C Weight and velocity

21 (a) The current flows through a metal conductor is defined by the equation

current = charge time

Based on the equation, which of the quantities above are

(i) base quantities

...................................................................................................................... (ii) derived quantities

.......................................................................................................................

(b) What are the S.I.units of charge?

............................................................................................................................... 22 The power of a student to run up a stair is given by the equation Power = force X displacement time

(a) State the base quantities contain in the equation above.

................................................................................................................................

b) State the power in term of base quantities.

..................................................................................................................................

1. Every number can be written in ‘standard form’, particularly in the cases of

A very small numbersB very large numbersC very small and very large numbers

2. The standard form for 15200 is


TUTORIAL 2


A 15.2 x 10 2B 1.52 x 10 3 C 1.52 x 10 4D 0.152 x 10 -4

3. The product of 2.4 x 10 -2and 5.0 x 10 - 4 is

A 1.2 x 10 6 B 1.2 x 10 5 C 1.2 x 10- 5 D 1.2 x 10 - 7

4. If A = 2 x 10 - 4 and B = 3 x 10 - 5 then the value of A + 5B is

A 1.7 x 10 - 5 B 3.5 x 10 - 5 C 1.7 x 10 - 4 D 3.5 x 10 - 4

5. What is 0.0455 kg expressed in standard form?

A 0.455 x 10 - 1 kg B 4.55 x 10 - 2 kg C 45.5 x 10 - 3 kg D 455 x 10 - 4 kg 6. The prefixes according to their value in ascending order are

A. Giga,mega,kilo,centi B. Mikro,mili,centi,kilo C. Mega,giga,kilo,centi D. Centi,giga,mikro,mili

7. Radio 5 RTM station operates at 105 .6 M Hz.The expression of the frequency in units of Hz is

A 1.056 x 10 8 Hz B 1.056 x 10 6 Hz C 1.056 x 10 4 Hz D 1.056 x 10 - 4 Hz

8. 5 x 10 - 4 seconds is equivalent to

A. 0.05 µseconds B. 0.5µseconds C 50 µseconds D 500 µseconds

9. Which one of the following measurements is smallest ?

A 1.5 x 10 2 kg B 1.5 x 10 7 g C 1.5 x 10 12 µ g

10. The volume of a metal sphere is 12 cm 3.This volume in units of m 3 isA 1.2 x 10 - 2 B 1.2 x 10 - 3 C 1.2 x 10 - 5 D 1.2 x 10 – 7

11. The velocity of a car is 108 km h-1. What is the velocity in units of ms-1 ?

A 20 B 30 C 50 D 60

12. The pressure exerted by a box on a surface is 500 N cm – 2. What is the pressure in units of Pa?( 1 Pa = 1 N m - 2 )

A 5 x 10 - 2 B 5 x10 -1 C 5 x 10 4 D 5 x 10 6

13. The acceleration of a trolley is 2000 cm s- 2 This acceleration in S.I. unit is

A 0.002 B 0.02 C 0.2 D 20

14. Which one of the following prefixes is less then 1?

A Mega B Desi C Kilo

15. Which of the following is true?



A 0.00023 = 2.3 x 10 - 3 B 0.05 = 5 x 10 - 1

C 3450 = 3.450 x 10 4 D 5678.9 = 5.6789 x 10 3

16.Readings

7.2 x 10 5 µm , 7.2 x 10-2 cm7.2 x 103 mm and 7.2 x 10- 6 km

The table above shows the measurement of length for four different objects.

(a) Which reading is the longest ?

......................................................................................................................................

(b) Which reading is the shortest?

.....................................................................................................................................(c) Arrange the readings according descending order.

.....................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................

(d) Which reading is more than 1 metre?

...................................................................................................................................(e) A cube of sides 7.2 x 103 mm . State the volume of the cube in unit of m3

1 The ability of an instrument gives consistent reading , when repeated readings are taken is called A accuracy B precision C sensitivity D error

2 Which of the following should be the small value ,so that the precision becomes high?

A Actual value B Mean C Relative error D Relative deviation

3 The ability of an instrument to detect a slight change that occurs in the measured quantity is called as

A precision B accuracy C sensitivity D error

4 The accuracy of an instrument increases if

A the number of significant figures increases B the relative deviation relative increasesC the relative error increases


TUTORIAL 3


5 Based on the table below, what are the measuring instruments J, K and L?

Measuring instruments MeasurementJ 2.52 ±0.01 cmK 15.2±0.1 cmL 125.4±0.1 g

J K LA Micrometer screw gauge Vernier calipers Spring balanceB Micrometer Screw gauge Vernier calipers Triple beam balanceC Vernier calipers Metre ruler Triple beam balance

6 Which of the following is true?

A The parallax error is not effected to the accuracyB The accurate instrument is also the sensitive instrumentC The accuracy increases when the measurement nearest to actual value.

7 Which of the following is most likely to show a precise shooting?

8 Which of the following statements about errors is correct?

A Zero error is random errorB Random errors can be reduced by taking repeat readings.C Systematic errors can be due to instruments which are not sensitive.D Systematic errors cause the readings scattered on both sides of the actual value.

9 Which of the following experiment techniques can reduce systematic error of the quantity being measured?

A Measuring the diameter of a wire at different points along the wire.B Adjusting an ammeter to read zero before measuring a current.C Timing a large number of oscillations to find the period of a pendulum.D Measuring the thickness of a large number of pieces of paper to find the thickness of one piece.

10 The error is caused by the position of eye is not parallel to the scale of an instrument is called as

A positive zero errorB negative zero errorC parallax error

11 Table shows readings of the thickness of a book measured by four different students. Which of the students recorded the true readings.

Student Ruler/ cm

Verniercalipers/ cm

Mikrometerscrew gauge/cm



ABCD

WXYZ

2.172.1742.172.2

2.22.22.1742.17

2.1742.172.22.174

12 Which of the following accuracy of the measuring instruments is true?

Measuring instruments Accuracy

A Ruler 1 mmB Vernier calipers 0.001 cmC Mikrometer screw gauge 0.1 mm

13 The diagram shows the existence of zero errors of a vernier calipers.What is the value of the zero error?

A + 0.04 cm B - 0.04 cm C + 0.06 cm D - 0.06 cm

14 he following diagram shows a vernier calipers.

What is the reading of the vernier calipers ?

A 3.17 cm B 3.08 cm C 2.18 cm C 2.07 cm

15 Figure(a) shows the existence of zero error of a vernier calipers. Figure(b) shows the reading of the vernier calipers for diameter of metal sphere.



The actual reading of diameter of the metal sphere is

A 2.02 cm B 2.04 cm C 2.06 cm D 2.08 cm

16 The thickness of a paper is measured by using a micrometer screw gauge should be recorded as

A 2 mm B 2.1 mm C 2.14 mm D 2.142 mm

17 Diagram shows a micrometer screw gauge reading when it is closed at its gap.

The subsequent readings must be corrected by

A adding 0.02 mmB subtracting 0.02 mmC adding 0.03 mmD subtracting 0.03 mm

18

Based on the diagram above, the thickness of a sheet of paper is



A 3.25 cm B 3.75 cm C 0.325 cm D 0.0375 cm

19 Figure(a) shows the existence of zero error of a micrometer screw gauge. Figure(b) shows the reading of the micrometer screw gauge for diameter of metal wire.

The actual reading of diameter of the metal wire is

A 8.30 mm B 8.32 mm C 8.80 mm D 8.82 mm

20 A simple pendulum makes 20 complete swings in 20.35 s. Which of the following is used?

A Stop watch B Pendulum clock C Electronic watch

21 A mass hanging from one end of a vertical spring makes ten complete oscillations in 15 s.If the time of the oscillations is taken by a stop watch ,it should be recorded as

A 15 s B 15.0 s C 15.00 s D 15.000 s

22 The figure shows a thermometer.

What is the reading shown?A 96o C B 93.5o C C 94.0 o C D 94o C

23 Which of the following will increase the sensitivity of a mercury-in-glass thermometer/Glass stem wall

Capillary tube

Size of bore

A thick wide bigB thin narrow bigC thick wide smallD thin narrow small

24 The current flows through a metal conductor is between 0.01 A to 0.05 A. Which ammeter is most suitable to use?



A Ammeter range 0-1A B Ammeter range 0-5AC Ammeter range 0-10 mAD Ammeter range 0-50 mA

25 What is the reading shown by the ammeter above?

A 2.4 A B 2.80 A C 0.48 A D 0.44 A

26 The function of zero adjuster in an ammeter is toA avoid zero errorB fasten the pointer C avoid parallax errorD control the very large current

27

Measurement Measuring Instrument

Accuracy (cm)

Diameter of a copper wireLength of a pencilInternal diameter of a beaker(a) Complete the table above.(b) State one reason why the diameter of the copper wire should be measured at a few different places?

………………………………………………………………………………………………….................................

(c) State one precaution to be taken while taking measurements by using the instrument which measured the internal diameter of a beaker.

……………………………………………………………………………………………….....................................

28



Figure(a) shows the jaws of a vernier calipers without tigh any object. Figure(b) shows the jaws of the vernier calipers tigh a test tube.

(a) What is the function of P?

.........................................................................................................................................................

(b) What is the smallest division on the vernier scale?

........................................................................................................................................................

(c) State the diameter of the test tube in metre.

29

Diagram above shows the reading of a micrometer screw gauge for the thickness of 5 sheets of paper.

(a) Determine the thickness of a sheet of the paper in cm.

.......................................................................................................................................................(b) Give the name and the function of M scale.

.......................................................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................................................(c) State a precaution to be taken while taking measurements by using the micrometer screw gauge.

........................................................................................................................................................30



Diagram above shows a thermometer.

(a) Name component

(i) P ……………………………...........

(ii) Q ……………………………...........

(b) State the accuracy of the thermometer.

.......................................................................................................................................................

(c) What is the reading of the thermometer?

.......................................................................................................................................................

(d) Why does the glass stem wall of the thermometer is thin?

.......................................................................................................................................................

(e) How should you do to increase the accuracy of the thermometer.

.......................................................................................................................................................

(f) Why does the thermometer use mercury?

........................................................................................................................................................

(g) Draw a dotted line to show the correct position of eye in the above diagram while measuring the

temperature of a substance.

31 Diagram shows a miliammeter.

(a) Give the name and the function of component of

(i) A ...........................................……................................................................................



(ii) B ……………………………………................................................................................

(b) State the accuracy of the ammeter

................................................................................................................................................... (c) State the reading of the ammeter.

...................................................................................................................................................

(d) State two precautions to be taken while taking measurements by using the ammeter.

1 Which of the following is the best way to tabulate the data ?

A Voltage,V 0 5 10 15 20

Current,I 0 1.7 2.5 3.4 4.2

B Time,t /s 2 4 6 8 10

Density, / kgm-3 2000 5000 8000 11000 14000

C Period, T / s

10.5 15.3 19.8 27.9 36.0

Distance, d /m 2.5 3.3 4.6 5.8 6.9

D Object distance,u / cm

5.1 8.7 11.6 16.5 18.6

Image distance,v / cm

2.3 5 6.9 9 11.6

2 Which of the following scales is the most suitable to plot a graph?

A 1 cm : 3 unit B 1 cm : 5 unit C 1 cm : 6 unit D 1 cm : 8.8 unit

3 Which of the following is the best graph ?


TUTORIAL 4


4 Which of the following graphs show that y increases linearly with x?

5 Hooke’s law states that applied force F is directly proportional to the extension x of spring if its elastic limit is

not exceeded. Which of the following graphs shows the Hooke’s Law?

6 The acceleration, a of an object is inversely proportional to the mass, m of the object under constant

force. Which of the following graphs describes the relationship between a and m .

7 An experiment is carried out to find the relationship between mass and acceleration of a trolley on a

wooden runway.The experiment is repeated by adding the number of trolleys. The responding variable in this experiment is



A the length of the wooden runway.B acceleration C mass

8 In a simple pendulum experiment, the length of the pendulum and time for 20 oscillations are recorded.The length of the pendulum is a

A manipulated variableB responding variableC fixed variable

9 Based on the graph above, what is the gradient of the graph?

A - 1.5 B - 0.7 C 0.7 D 1.5

10 What is the unit of the gradient of the graph above?

A m B m2 s C ms2 D ms- 2

11 A student plot a graph for a physical quantity , Q on axis-y against a physical quantity ,R on axis –x The relationship between Q and R is given by as Q - aR = b , where a and b are constants.The gradient of the graph is

A a B R C b D a b Q

12 The resistance R and temperature T for an electric conductor is given as R = r + aT with r as the resistance at 0oC and a as a constant. A graph of R against T is shown .

What is the resistance ,R of the conductor at a temperature 60oC ?

A 35 B 47 C 86 D 93



13

The equation of the graph above is

A P = 10Q + 5 B P = 2Q + 10 C P = -2Q + 10 D P = 5Q – 10

14 The following figure shows a graph U versus V.

Which of the following shows the correct relationship between U and V?

A U = m V + m n

B U = - m V + m nC U = m V + n nD U = - n V + m m

15 The pressure ,P of the gas is directly proportional to the absolute temperature, T of the gas.When P = 100 ,T = 50. What is the value of P when T = 400.

A 0.8A B 125 C 200 D 800


Lesson 1 -Introduction to Physics

Documents

micrometer

physics panel

vernier calipers

mv

physical quantity

base quantity

physical quantities

base quantities