LED manufacturing technologies - Fileburstiopp.fileburst.com/microsites/C000015998/LED_ManTech_08_Sample.pdf · LED manufacturing technologies ... Bulk GaN Composite substrates InGaN
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Digital Cinema Projectors: introduction• Worldwide total accessible market is about 109,000 cinema
screens in 2007.• A digital cinema playback system including server, media
block and projector can cost up to $200k• Digital Cinema light source can be:
– White light: Texas Instrument 3xDLP technique– 3 lasers (RGB): Sony GLV or Kodak GEMS technique
• In 2006, Texas Instruments had 100% market share in digital cinema projection systems
• Main digital projector makers (based on TI DLP technology): NEC, Christie (market leader in the US), Barco (Market leader in EU and Asia), Digital Projection International
Projection systems market
SONY Grating Light Valve (GLV) technology license from Silicon Light Machine's (bought
by Cypress Semiconductor in 2000).
At EXPO’05, Sony has presented a 10x50 m² screen display with GLV system generating 60,000 lumens
• Molecular Imprints (US) is developing a low-cost imprinting technique that increases the extraction efficiency of LED chips:
– Nano patterning of photonic crystals is done thanks to a combination of both DRIE + Nanoimprint processes:
• Imprinted depth of the structure are ~ 250nm deep• Resolution: from 50 nm to 300 nm
– Whole-wafer template technology one single step to imprint the entire LED wafer. To achieve this, they imprint intermediate quartz replicas that can each one imprint ~ 1 000 wafers. Thanks to this approach, one template manufactured by e-beam lithography can imprint ~ 1 000 000 of wafers…
– Process cost is < 20$/wafer– Throughput is ~ 20 wafers/hour– Wafer sizes: 2”, 3” to 4”– Time to market at production level: by 2008
Nano-imprint lithography, a key technology for photonic crystal LEDs
GaN epiwafer prepared for etching to form a photonic crystal LED
• Efficient green emitters (LED or Laser diodes) at 555 nm are required for several solid-state lighting applications, including Digital Light Processing (DLP) projectors, large scale projection systems, color displays, and controllable red/green/blue (RGB) white light.
• A “green gap,” however, falls between the two LED device material systems-aluminum gallium indium phosphide (AlGaInP) and gallium indium nitride (GaInN)-that are used to produce visible-spectrum solid-state light sources.
The “green gap”
The power-conversion efficiency curves of two important material systems used for solid-state
light are separated by a “green gap” that will need to be filled to achieve performance goals for