For Reference of NECA 2016 Boston Attendees Only 1 October 8, 2016 LED Lighting: Energy and Beyond LED Lighting: Energy and Beyond Jon Zelinsky, P.E. and Dan Blitzer, LC, FIES Philips Lighting This session is eligible for 2 Continuing Education and 2 Contact Hours. For these hours to appear on your certificate, you must: – Have your badge scanned at the door – Attend 90% of this presentation – Fill out the online evaluation for this session 1
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LED Lighting: Energy and Beyond LED Lighting: Energy and Beyond
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For Reference of NECA 2016 Boston Attendees Only 1
October 8, 2016
LED Lighting: Energy and Beyond
LED Lighting: Energy and Beyond
Jon Zelinsky, P.E. and Dan Blitzer, LC, FIESPhilips Lighting
This session is eligible for 2 Continuing Education and 2 Contact Hours.
For these hours to appear on your certificate, you must:– Have your badge scanned at the door– Attend 90% of this presentation– Fill out the online evaluation for this session
1
For Reference of NECA 2016 Boston Attendees Only 2
October 8, 2016
Lighting Drives Business Development
Lighting as a catalyst for developing new business
• Energy savings in terms of demand and consumption
• Elevate your expertise with your customer
• Making yourself relevant and forward looking
• Manage risk for your customer and your business
2
Lighting Drives Innovation
• Smarter office, improved decision making, better working environment for your customers
• Drive business model innovation for you and your customers
3
For Reference of NECA 2016 Boston Attendees Only 3
October 8, 2016
Changing How Your Customers See You With Light
4
Overview
• Introduction
• What lighting costs
• What lighting does . . . and can do
• Benchmarking LED systems
• Integrating lighting controls
• What lighting can do for you
5
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October 8, 2016
6
Energy and BeyondEnergy and Beyond
What Lighting CostsConstruction Perspective
7
Design
Material
Labor
Logistics
Modifications
Profit
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October 8, 2016
8
Material
Labor
Energy
Disposal
What Lighting CostsOperating Perspective
The Environmental Footprint
9
InstantFit LED T8 System
29W*105 LPW
50000 hrs RAL0.0 mg Hg
Best Practice Today
High Performance T8 System
38W*100 LPW
36000 hrs RAL1.7 mg Hg
Good Five Years Ago
Typical ElectronicT8 System
51W*82 LPW
24000 hrs RAL6-8 mg Hg
Good Ten Years Ago
Typical Magnetic T12 System
72W*65 LPW
25000 hrs RAL9 mg Hg
Twenty Years Ago
For Reference of NECA 2016 Boston Attendees Only 6
October 8, 2016
The Total Cost of Ownership
10
Based on a 2‐lamp systemoperating 24/7 for 12 yearselectricity cost of $.11 per KWHplanned maintenance
InstantFit LEDT8 System
$596
High Performance T8 System
$662
Older ElectronicT8 System
$848
Typical Magnetic T12 System
$947
Analyzing TCOO
11
ENERGY 66%
MATERIAL 19%
LABOR 14%
DISPOSAL 1%
TCOO MagT12
Old T8
HPT8
LEDT8
Material 3% 14% 19% 32%
Electricity 88% 69% 66% 56%
Labor 8% 16% 14% 11%
Disposal 1% 1% 1% <1%
TCOO $947 $848 $662 $596
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October 8, 2016
What Lighting Does
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Productivity
Image
Well‐being
Safety
Lighting for Visual Performance
13
Illumination
Comfort
Stimulation
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October 8, 2016
Lighting for Emotional Response
14
Image
AtmosphereSomething New
Lighting for Circadian Response
15
Alertness
Energy Sleep/Wake
Relaxation
HealthcareEducation
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October 8, 2016
Lighting for Information
16
The Edge Building
Asset Management
Fully Connected
Granular Control
User Experience
The Opportunity
Do more for your customer, build relationships, distinguish yourself
17
Lighting quality
Maximum energy savings
Lighting beyond illumination
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October 8, 2016
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Benchmarking LED Systems
The Key Issues
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Light output and efficacy
Color and consistencyLife and reliability
Control
For Reference of NECA 2016 Boston Attendees Only 11
October 8, 2016
Changing the Photometry Rules
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LED Luminaire
FLR Luminaire
Absolute for LEDMeasures luminaire outputMeasures power inputCalculates efficacy (LPW)Efficiency is not used
Relative for ConventionalMeasures lamp outputMeasures luminaire outputCalculates efficiency (%)Efficacy: source LPW x efficiency
Integrating SphereGoniophotometer
Light Output and Efficacy
21
LED Luminaire
FLR Luminaire
Luminaire output: 4200 lumens
Input power: 38 watts
Luminaire efficacy: 110 LPW
Equal light output
32% less power
47% higher efficacy
Lamp lumens: 2800 (2)
Ballast Factor: .88
Fixture Efficiency: 85%
Luminaire output: 4188 lumens
Input Power: 56 watts
Luminaire efficacy: 75 LPW
For Reference of NECA 2016 Boston Attendees Only 12
October 8, 2016
FLR Soft Light LED Soft LightFLR Parabolic
Lumen
s
Lumen
sLumen
s
3000 Luminaire Lumen
s 7000
Louver
Basket
Diffuser
Diffuser
50 LPW Luminaire Efficacy 120 LPW
Light Output and Efficacy
22
Efficacy in Typical LED Luminaires
23
Linear Low Bay125‐150 LPW
High Bay90‐130 LPW
Site & Area100‐125 LPW
Downlight80‐110 LPW
Troffer110‐135 LPW
Pendant100‐130 LPW
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October 8, 2016
Replacing IncandescentLumens, not watts!
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800 lumen A Lamps
60W 13W 13W12W10W9W
650 lumen BR30 Lamps
65W 16W13W10W9W
Savings
85%
Replacing HalogenLumens and Intensity, not watts!
25
3200 lumen PAR38 FL 2100 lumen MR16 NFL
250W 32W 50W 7W
Savings
86%
For Reference of NECA 2016 Boston Attendees Only 14
October 8, 2016
Replacing FluorescentSavings depend on the luminaire
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3‐F32T8/741.88 IS EB90 System Watts
3‐LEDT8/840.88 IS EB54 System Watts
Savings
40%
What is Life?
27
Rated Average Life
Criteria and methods
They are not all the same
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Failure in Conventional Lamps
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Filament evaporates from heat and breaks
Starting emission material sputters off cathode
Inside an LED
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No fragile parts! Lumen depreciation
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October 8, 2016
Failure Points in an LED System
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LED Array
Driver
Optics
Connections
Predicting Lumen Maintenance
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100 %
90 %
80 %
70 %
60 %
50 %
1,000
6000 hrsMinimum test period
10,000 100,000
Reported TM 21L85 @ 60,000 Hrs
CalculatedL70 @ 105,000 hrs
Hours
Luminous Flux
Tj @ 63CTj @ 74C
Smoothed test points
Extrapolated curve
Chip data is correlatedto expected luminaire temperature
Data are illustrative only
Reported TM 21L70 @ 20,000 Hrs
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October 8, 2016
Lumen Maintenance @ 50,000 Hrs.
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General Area Recessed and Pendant Luminaires Recognized by NGL 2014‐15
.70‐.80
80‐.88
> .95
17%
24%
12%
.88‐.95
47%
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Non‐replaceable components Replaceable components
Separate components
For Reference of NECA 2016 Boston Attendees Only 18
October 8, 2016
Driver Life
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High quality replaceable drivers are typically rated at 50,000 hours (within temperature limits)
Life depends on the number and durability of all of these components and connections!
Everything varies!
35
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October 8, 2016
Everything Varies
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Standard or Normal distribution
Life (hours)
Quantity Average value
MEDIAN
MEAN
Risk Factors
37
TemperatureOver‐voltage operation
Frequent Starting
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Life Ratings of Some Typical Products
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1‐5000 hrs
6‐12000 hrs
12‐16000 hrs
20‐60000 hrs
40‐50000 hrs
15‐50000 hrs
40‐80000 hrs
Ratings vary by type
The Color in White LED’s
White LED’s use phosphor conversion
Energy from the blue LED “pump” shifts in wavelength
Blue pump + converted light = white
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Cool White 4000K Warm White 3000K
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October 8, 2016
Color Temperature
Color Temperature expresses the “tone” of whiteness, from warm to cool
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CCT = 30152200
6500
2700
3000
5000
Tight binning within 3 MacAdam Ellipses
ANSI Bins include 7 MacAdam
Ellipses
Advanced LED chip
Color Consistency
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CRI rates a light source on 8 color samples against a reference of the same CCT.CRI of 100 (maximum) means a perfect match with the reference source.
Test source 3000K LED
ReferenceBBR 3000K
Color Rendering Index
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LED vs. Incandescent
43
Tone . . . Yes
Color . . . Not exactly
Beam . . . Not exactly
That depends . . .Which LED’sApplicationObject colorsDimming
Do they “match”? Will you “like” LED?
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October 8, 2016
LED vs. Fluorescent
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Tone . . . Yes
Color . . . Not exactly
Beam . . . Not exactly
That depends . . .Which LED’sApplicationObject colorsDimming
Do they “match”? Will you “like” LED?
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Integrating Controls
For Reference of NECA 2016 Boston Attendees Only 24
October 8, 2016
Drivers for Controls
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You have to: codes require controls
It pays to: controls reduce energy cost
You want to: adjust lighting to improve HABI
BUILDING STANDARDS
TITLE 24
Codes and Controls
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90.1‐1999
90.1‐2001
90.1‐2004
90.1‐2007
90.1‐2010
ExteriorSetback
ExteriorSetback
AutomaticDaylight
AutomaticDaylight
Light Reduction
Light Reduction
Vacancy Sensor
Vacancy Sensor
Exterior Photocell
Exterior Photocell
OccupancySensor
OccupancySensor
SpaceControl
Space Control
Auto Shut Off
Auto Shut Off
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Energy Code AdoptionFrom Building Codes Assistance Project (1‐1‐2015)
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90.1‐2013 (2)90.1‐2010 (16)90.1‐2007 (24)90.1‐2004 (13)No current code (11)
Controls and Standard 90.1
• Automatic Shut Off– Occupancy, Time‐Schedule, or Signal– Zones < 25000 SF or one floor
• Space Control– Manual‐On (Vacancy) sensors in selected spaces– Light reduction setting between 30‐70% of full (exceptions)– Zoned < 2500 SF (Spaces up to 10,000 SF) – Hotel/motel must be controlled at entry
• Daylighting Control– Top lighting and side lighting (retail exempt)– Multi‐level 50‐70% and < 35% (including OFF)
• ILPA increases for additional controls
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