Top Banner
Göran Wahnström, Department of Physics, Chalmers Lectures Ordinary differential equations Stochastic methods Partial differential equations Exercises/Home work problems Linear dynamics E1 Brownian dynamics E4 Metropolis algorithm Monte Carlo integration E3 H2a/H2b Non-linear dynamics Molecular dynamics E2 H1a/H1b Quantum structure H3a Quantum dynamics E5 H3b
29

Lectures Exercises/Home work problems Linear …fy.chalmers.se/~tfsgw/CompPhys/lectures/Lec6a_homepage.pdf · Quantum structure H3a Quantum dynamics E5 H3b. ... Exercises/Home work

Jul 27, 2018

Download

Documents

vanthu
Welcome message from author
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Transcript
Page 1: Lectures Exercises/Home work problems Linear …fy.chalmers.se/~tfsgw/CompPhys/lectures/Lec6a_homepage.pdf · Quantum structure H3a Quantum dynamics E5 H3b. ... Exercises/Home work

Göran Wahnström, Department of Physics, Chalmers

Lectures

Ordinary

differential

equations

Stochastic

methods

Partial

differential

equations

Exercises/Home work problems

Linear dynamics E1

Brownian dynamics E4

Metropolis algorithm

Monte Carlo integration E3

H2a/H2b

Non-linear dynamics

Molecular dynamics

E2

H1a/H1b

Quantum structure H3a

Quantum dynamics

E5

H3b

Page 2: Lectures Exercises/Home work problems Linear …fy.chalmers.se/~tfsgw/CompPhys/lectures/Lec6a_homepage.pdf · Quantum structure H3a Quantum dynamics E5 H3b. ... Exercises/Home work

Ising model

Content:

Ising model

Ising model: Mean field solution

Ising model: Metropolis algorithm

Ising model: Numerical results

Binary alloy: CuZn

Binary alloy: Mean field solution

Göran Wahnström, Department of Physics, Chalmers

Page 3: Lectures Exercises/Home work problems Linear …fy.chalmers.se/~tfsgw/CompPhys/lectures/Lec6a_homepage.pdf · Quantum structure H3a Quantum dynamics E5 H3b. ... Exercises/Home work

Ising model

a lattice model

one of the simpliest and non-trivial model

systems of interacting degrees of freedom

introduced by Lenz and Ising to model

phase transitions in magnetic materials in

the 1920s

solved exactly in 2D by Onsager 1944

has not been solved exactly in 3D (yet)

useful in condensed matter physics and field

theory

a (rather crude) model for magnetism

can be used to model binary alloys in

materials science

can be used to model adsorbed particles in

surface science

can be extended in many directions

Göran Wahnström, Department of Physics, Chalmers

Page 4: Lectures Exercises/Home work problems Linear …fy.chalmers.se/~tfsgw/CompPhys/lectures/Lec6a_homepage.pdf · Quantum structure H3a Quantum dynamics E5 H3b. ... Exercises/Home work

Binary alloyFerromagnetic substance

low T high T

disordered stateordered state

Heat capacity

temperature

high Tlow T

paramagneticferromagnetic

Magnetization

temperature

Göran Wahnström, Department of Physics, Chalmers

Page 5: Lectures Exercises/Home work problems Linear …fy.chalmers.se/~tfsgw/CompPhys/lectures/Lec6a_homepage.pdf · Quantum structure H3a Quantum dynamics E5 H3b. ... Exercises/Home work

Ising model – statistical thermodynamics

Göran Wahnström, Department of Physics, Chalmers

Page 6: Lectures Exercises/Home work problems Linear …fy.chalmers.se/~tfsgw/CompPhys/lectures/Lec6a_homepage.pdf · Quantum structure H3a Quantum dynamics E5 H3b. ... Exercises/Home work

Ising model – the exact solution (2D)

Due to Onsager, 1944

Göran Wahnström, Department of Physics, Chalmers

Page 7: Lectures Exercises/Home work problems Linear …fy.chalmers.se/~tfsgw/CompPhys/lectures/Lec6a_homepage.pdf · Quantum structure H3a Quantum dynamics E5 H3b. ... Exercises/Home work

Ising model – mean field solution (h=0)

Göran Wahnström, Department of Physics, Chalmers

Page 8: Lectures Exercises/Home work problems Linear …fy.chalmers.se/~tfsgw/CompPhys/lectures/Lec6a_homepage.pdf · Quantum structure H3a Quantum dynamics E5 H3b. ... Exercises/Home work

Ising model – mean field solution (h=0)

Göran Wahnström, Department of Physics, Chalmers

Page 9: Lectures Exercises/Home work problems Linear …fy.chalmers.se/~tfsgw/CompPhys/lectures/Lec6a_homepage.pdf · Quantum structure H3a Quantum dynamics E5 H3b. ... Exercises/Home work

Ising model – Metropolis algorithm

Göran Wahnström, Department of Physics, Chalmers

Page 10: Lectures Exercises/Home work problems Linear …fy.chalmers.se/~tfsgw/CompPhys/lectures/Lec6a_homepage.pdf · Quantum structure H3a Quantum dynamics E5 H3b. ... Exercises/Home work

The Metropolis algorithm

1

acceptrej.

Göran Wahnström, Department of Physics, Chalmers

Page 11: Lectures Exercises/Home work problems Linear …fy.chalmers.se/~tfsgw/CompPhys/lectures/Lec6a_homepage.pdf · Quantum structure H3a Quantum dynamics E5 H3b. ... Exercises/Home work

Equilibration

It is important to wait until

the system has equilibrated.

Göran Wahnström, Department of Physics, Chalmers

Page 12: Lectures Exercises/Home work problems Linear …fy.chalmers.se/~tfsgw/CompPhys/lectures/Lec6a_homepage.pdf · Quantum structure H3a Quantum dynamics E5 H3b. ... Exercises/Home work

Equilibration

It is important to wait until

the system has equilibrated.

Göran Wahnström, Department of Physics, Chalmers

Page 13: Lectures Exercises/Home work problems Linear …fy.chalmers.se/~tfsgw/CompPhys/lectures/Lec6a_homepage.pdf · Quantum structure H3a Quantum dynamics E5 H3b. ... Exercises/Home work

Equilibration Boundary conditions

To mimic a large system periodic boundary

conditions are commonly used.

It is important to wait until

the system has equilibrated.

Göran Wahnström, Department of Physics, Chalmers

Page 14: Lectures Exercises/Home work problems Linear …fy.chalmers.se/~tfsgw/CompPhys/lectures/Lec6a_homepage.pdf · Quantum structure H3a Quantum dynamics E5 H3b. ... Exercises/Home work

Ising model – Numerical results

Göran Wahnström, Department of Physics, Chalmers

Page 15: Lectures Exercises/Home work problems Linear …fy.chalmers.se/~tfsgw/CompPhys/lectures/Lec6a_homepage.pdf · Quantum structure H3a Quantum dynamics E5 H3b. ... Exercises/Home work

Ising model – Numerical results

Ising model – Exact results

Göran Wahnström, Department of Physics, Chalmers

Page 16: Lectures Exercises/Home work problems Linear …fy.chalmers.se/~tfsgw/CompPhys/lectures/Lec6a_homepage.pdf · Quantum structure H3a Quantum dynamics E5 H3b. ... Exercises/Home work

Ising model – spatial correlations

T = 2.0 T = 2.4 T = 3.0

Göran Wahnström, Department of Physics, Chalmers

Page 17: Lectures Exercises/Home work problems Linear …fy.chalmers.se/~tfsgw/CompPhys/lectures/Lec6a_homepage.pdf · Quantum structure H3a Quantum dynamics E5 H3b. ... Exercises/Home work

Binary alloyFerromagnetic substance

low T high T

disordered stateordered state

Heat capacity

temperature

high Tlow T

paramagneticferromagnetic

Magnetization

temperature

Göran Wahnström, Department of Physics, Chalmers

Page 18: Lectures Exercises/Home work problems Linear …fy.chalmers.se/~tfsgw/CompPhys/lectures/Lec6a_homepage.pdf · Quantum structure H3a Quantum dynamics E5 H3b. ... Exercises/Home work

The Cu-Zn system – a binary alloy

Equilibrium phase diagram CuZn (-brass)

temperatureh

eat

cap

acit

y

Göran Wahnström, Department of Physics, Chalmers

Page 19: Lectures Exercises/Home work problems Linear …fy.chalmers.se/~tfsgw/CompPhys/lectures/Lec6a_homepage.pdf · Quantum structure H3a Quantum dynamics E5 H3b. ... Exercises/Home work

Binary alloy – simple model

Göran Wahnström, Department of Physics, Chalmers

Page 20: Lectures Exercises/Home work problems Linear …fy.chalmers.se/~tfsgw/CompPhys/lectures/Lec6a_homepage.pdf · Quantum structure H3a Quantum dynamics E5 H3b. ... Exercises/Home work

Binary alloy – mean field solution

Göran Wahnström, Department of Physics, Chalmers

Page 21: Lectures Exercises/Home work problems Linear …fy.chalmers.se/~tfsgw/CompPhys/lectures/Lec6a_homepage.pdf · Quantum structure H3a Quantum dynamics E5 H3b. ... Exercises/Home work

Binary alloy – mean field solution

Göran Wahnström, Department of Physics, Chalmers

Page 22: Lectures Exercises/Home work problems Linear …fy.chalmers.se/~tfsgw/CompPhys/lectures/Lec6a_homepage.pdf · Quantum structure H3a Quantum dynamics E5 H3b. ... Exercises/Home work

References:

Computational treatment of the Ising model:

- Giordano and Nakanishi, Computational Physics

- Koonin and Meredith, Computational Physics

Binary alloy:

- Kittel, Introduction to Solid State Physics

Advanced treatment of the Ising model:

- Huang, Statistical Mechanics

Göran Wahnström, Department of Physics, Chalmers

Page 23: Lectures Exercises/Home work problems Linear …fy.chalmers.se/~tfsgw/CompPhys/lectures/Lec6a_homepage.pdf · Quantum structure H3a Quantum dynamics E5 H3b. ... Exercises/Home work

Göran Wahnström, Department of Physics, Chalmers

Lectures

Ordinary

differential

equations

Stochastic

methods

Partial

differential

equations

Exercises/Home work problems

Linear dynamics E1

Brownian dynamics E4

Metropolis algorithm

Monte Carlo integration E3

H2a/H2b

Non-linear dynamics

Molecular dynamics

E2

H1a/H1b

Quantum structure H3a

Quantum dynamics

E5

H3b

Page 24: Lectures Exercises/Home work problems Linear …fy.chalmers.se/~tfsgw/CompPhys/lectures/Lec6a_homepage.pdf · Quantum structure H3a Quantum dynamics E5 H3b. ... Exercises/Home work

Variational Monte Carlo

Content:

Variational Quantum Monte Carlo

Multi-dimensional case

Example: Helium

Göran Wahnström, Department of Physics, Chalmers

Page 25: Lectures Exercises/Home work problems Linear …fy.chalmers.se/~tfsgw/CompPhys/lectures/Lec6a_homepage.pdf · Quantum structure H3a Quantum dynamics E5 H3b. ... Exercises/Home work

Variational Quantum Monte Carlo

Göran Wahnström, Department of Physics, Chalmers

Page 26: Lectures Exercises/Home work problems Linear …fy.chalmers.se/~tfsgw/CompPhys/lectures/Lec6a_homepage.pdf · Quantum structure H3a Quantum dynamics E5 H3b. ... Exercises/Home work

Multi-dimensional case

Göran Wahnström, Department of Physics, Chalmers

Page 27: Lectures Exercises/Home work problems Linear …fy.chalmers.se/~tfsgw/CompPhys/lectures/Lec6a_homepage.pdf · Quantum structure H3a Quantum dynamics E5 H3b. ... Exercises/Home work

Example: Helium

Göran Wahnström, Department of Physics, Chalmers

Page 28: Lectures Exercises/Home work problems Linear …fy.chalmers.se/~tfsgw/CompPhys/lectures/Lec6a_homepage.pdf · Quantum structure H3a Quantum dynamics E5 H3b. ... Exercises/Home work

Example: Helium

Göran Wahnström, Department of Physics, Chalmers

Page 29: Lectures Exercises/Home work problems Linear …fy.chalmers.se/~tfsgw/CompPhys/lectures/Lec6a_homepage.pdf · Quantum structure H3a Quantum dynamics E5 H3b. ... Exercises/Home work

Variational Quantum Monte Carlo:

- Koonin and Meredith, Computational Physics

- Thijssen, Computational Physics

- P.J. Reynolds, J. Tobochnik, and H. Gould,

Computers in Physics, nov/dec 1990.

References:

Green’s function and Diffusion Monte Carlo:

- Koonin and Meredith, Computational Physics

- Thijssen, Computational Physics

Göran Wahnström, Department of Physics, Chalmers