Lecture(1) Civil Engineering Dept. Master Program Civil Engineering Dept. Master Program 2013-2014.

Infrastructure planning and management

Lecture(1)

Civil Engineering Dept.Master Program

2013-2014

The term “Public Works” is applied to facilitates that usually require substantial capital investment; provide services or solve problems perceived to the public's responsibility; and are planned, designed, constructed, and proposed by or under the auspices of government agencies. Private companies may also construct and /or operate public works, to serve their own manufacturing or other need, or for profit.

Definition of the "Public Works" and " Infrastructure"

“The nation’s infrastructure is its system of public facilities, both publicly and privately funded, which provide for the delivery of essential services and a

sustained standard of living. This interdependent, yet self-contained, set of structures provides for mobility,

shelter, services, and utilities… America’s infrastructure is the base upon which society rests. Its condition affects our lifestyles and security and each is threatened by its

unanswered decay”.

What is Infrastructure ?

Infrastructure Examples

Overview of Infrastructures

Electric Transport

Telecom Water

Examples of Infrastructure projects

Highways, streets, bridges, tunnels and transportation

Water supply, treatment, and distribution.Wastewater collection, treatment and

disposal

Communication facilities

Electric power generation and supply

Solid waste collection, treatment, and disposal.

Examples of Infrastructure projects (cont…..)

Courthouses, schools, libraries and hospitals

Police station, fire houses, prisons and garages.

Public residential housing

Categories of public infrastructure projects

1 Development of new projects or provision of additional capacity or capability.

• New Highway .• New water distribution system.New

projects

• Add additional lanes. • Expanding a water treatment.• Add new pumps

Additional capacity

2 Rehabilitation and/or reconstruction of existing facility without changing the capacity or capability of the facility.

3

Routine maintenance(preventive) and operation of infrastructure system (e.g., the municipal systems for transportation, water supply, sewage and storm water and solid wastes.

4

Improve the system efficiency by modify the operation and management (e.g. Improve pumps efficiency by cleaning or/and lubrication ).

1• Establishment of goals and

objectives

2• Problem identification and

analysis

3• Solution identification and

impact assessment

Typical infrastructure planning steps

4

• Recommendation: including priorities and schedules for implementation.

5• Decisions: including financing.

6

• Implementation: final design, construction planning, construction.



7• Operation and management

What is Infra. Mgmt?.

• Administrative process of creating, planning, and maintaining our infrastructures

• An integrated, inter-disciplinary process that ensures infrastructure performance over its life cycle

• Life cycle is entire time from design through decommissioning

What is Infra. Mgmt.? Overall Framework

Program/Network/System Level

Project Level

In-Service Monitoring &

Evaluation

Database

What is Infra. Mgmt.? Program/System Level

Financing

Budgets

Policies

Exogenous Factors

Data (location, performance, evaluation)

Deficiencies/Needs (current, future)

Alternatives and AnalysesPriorities

What is Infra. Mgmt.? Project/Section Level

Standards/Specifications

Budget Limit

EnvironmentalConstraints

Data (materials, loads, flows, costs, etc.)

Detailed DesignConstructionMaintenance

What is Infra. Mgmt.? Ideal System

Would coordinate and enable the execution of all activities

Maximizes use and expenditure of resources

Maximize performance of assetsServe all management levels

What is Infra. Mgmt.? Key Issues

Decay and deterioration (condition, failure) Lack of maintenance/renovation (build, build,

build!) Scarcity of financing (federal gov’t funds projects

of national/interstate importance - states left to build the rest; money tends to be for construction and not maintenance; lots of infrastructure needs - which ones are #1 priority?)

Inadequate reporting and accounting

Where Does Engineering Help?

Systems engineering perspective! Framing of problem Using quantitative tools to solve it

Tools: uncertainty/risk analysis Optimization via LP, Probabilistic, etc.

Both parts are important

What is Infra. Mgmt?.

CONTEXT(Tech./Social/Political Environment)

PROBLEM RECOGNITION(Reviews, Prelim. Assessments)

PROBLEM DEFINITION(Objectives, Constraints, Decisions)

GENERATION OFALTERNATIVES

ANALYSIS/EVALUATION/OPTIMIZATION

IMPLEMENTATION(Schedules, Activities, Documentation)

PeriodicIn-Service

Monitoring &Evaluation

Tools for Optimization

Mathematical Programming LP (min/max with constraints), etc.

HeuristicsProbabilisticGraphical (e.g. Scheduling Charts)

Some Estimates ? (Project Idea-1)

Summary of “Civil Infrastructure Systems: The Big Picture”, Jan2014. Issues and obstacles in civil infrastructure Developments and Opportunities Recommendations Highways, Bridges, Water, Construction Industry,

Financials, Risk, Sustainable Development, Opportunities, Conclusions

Programming and budgeting

process of public works agencies

ProgrammingIt is a process of prioritizing proposed projects and developing a single-year or multiyear program of projects, usually within a constrained monetary amount.

• An annual preventive maintenance program.

• A five-year capital program(what capital improvements will be designed and constructed over the time period ?)

Examples



BudgetingIt is procedures that actually produces the funding and authority to incur costs and allocate funds. The budget is usually an annual legislative authorization for expenditures and may follow multiyear authorization guidelines established be by the same legislative bodies.



key elements for analysis the programming and budgeting .

Assessing needs and identifying projectIdentify and measure problems and needs Identify alternatives solutions

Establishing program performance measuresMonitoring the program progress Evaluate the results

Setting program goals and objective


Program trade-offs Evaluate trade-offs for shifting resources among program areas and determine

levels of resources allocation across program

Priority setting and program developmentIdentify priorities for each program area Develop fiscally constrained candidate program

Project evaluation


Program implementation and monitoring

Budgeting

Relationship between infrastructure and development

A healthy infrastructure is a necessary ingredient of a robust economy. Infrastructure systems are a part of the nation's economy (through expenditures), and infrastructure systems are also necessary to accommodate economic expansion and productivity.

Relationship between infrastructure and development

Physical infrastructure

Economic system

Social system

Natural environment

Our Purpose - Now Justified

Understand issues in managing existing infrastructure rather than building new

Critically review status of infrastructureDevelop awareness of tools and resources

for infrastructure management

For next time: read Dunker 1995

Relationship between infrastructure and

development

Goods and services

Purchases

Wages

Labor

Public Industry

Energy and natural resources

Lecture(1) Civil Engineering Dept. Master Program Civil Engineering Dept. Master Program 2013-2014.

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