M Jawad Qarni 1 ME-102 Engineering ME-102 Engineering Graphics Graphics Lecture # 1 By: Muhammad Jawad Qarni Research Associate Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Ghulam Ishaq Khan Institute of Engineering Sciences & Technology
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ME-102 Engineering ME-102 Engineering GraphicsGraphicsLecture # 1
By: Muhammad Jawad QarniResearch Associate
Faculty of Mechanical EngineeringGhulam Ishaq Khan Institute of Engineering Sciences & Technology
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Course OutlineCourse Outline Role of graphics in engineering Drawing instruments and equipment 2D and 3D space relationship Multiview and orthogonal
representations Pictorial drawings and free hand
sketching Sectional views Auxiliary views development Dimensioning and tolerancing Fasteners and connectors Production drawings computer-aided drawings and drafting
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Text Book and Other Text Book and Other ResourcesResources
Text Book: Technical Graphics Communication 3rd edition by Eric N. Wiebe and Garry R. Bertoline
Lectures, Soft Copy of the Book and for other information, Please visit FME homepage
http://192.168.151.50
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Grading Policy (Subject to change)Quizzes = 5%Assignment = 5%Lab = 30%Mid = 20%Final = 35%Attendance = 5%
Note:
Full marks (5%) for 95% or above attendance
0 marks for 80% or less attendance
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DrawingA drawing is a graphical representation of
objects and structures and is done using freehand, mechanical or computer methods.
A drawing serves as a graphic model or representation of real object or idea.
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Engineering DrawingAn engineering drawing is a drawing or a set of drawings that communicates an idea, design, schematic or model.
Different types of drawing
For e.g. mechanical engineers need productions drawing to manufacture a component or assembly.
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Engineering graphics It refers basically to the use of drawings to
represent design ideas, configurations and specifications and to use analysis required for an engineering project.
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Design ProcessEngineering design sequence….
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Graphics in Design ProcessTechnical graphics is a real and complete language
used
in the design process for:
1. Visualization2. Communication3. Documentation
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Visualization Visualization is the ability
to mentally picture things that are not there.
Ability to visualize problem solutions and communicate them through sketches is one of the most important skill of a designer.
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Communication Refinement of your initial
sketches so that your design solution can be communicated to others without ambiguity.
Usually done by creating a three dimensional (3D) model
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Documentation Is a process to
permanently record that solution.
2D drawing follow strict standard practices.
These standards are the language used to communicate graphically.
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StandardsStandards are sets of rules that govern how technical drawing are presented.
Some common standards are:ANSI: American national standard instituteASME: American society of mechanical
engineers. ISO: International standard organization. JIS: Japanese standardsMIL: U.S. Military
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Instruments In order to create a manual engineering
drawings various instrument are used.
They are….
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Drawing boards
Size:
1000(mm) x 1500(mm)
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CompassThe compass is used to draw circles and arcs of varyingdiameters
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T-Square
StockBlade
Working Edge
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A set square or triangle is an object used in technical drawing, with the aim of providing a straightedge at a particular to a baseline.
The most simple form of set square is a triangular piece of transparent plastic with the centre removed.
Set squares
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French Curves
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Scales (Ruler)
mm
inch
The international organization that established the metric standard is ISO. The system is called the International System of Units.
Mostly use millimeter scale
Conversion (Inch to mm)
1” (1 inch) = 25.4 mm
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Pencils
The following will be used in labs..
1 H 2 H HB
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Drawing sheet sizeDrawing Sheet Size Size in mm Size in inches
A0 1189 x 841 46.81 x 33.11
A1 841 x 591 33.11 x 23.39
A2 594 x 420 23.39 x 16.55
A3 420 x 297 16.55 x 11.69
A4 297 x 210 11.69 x 8.27
A5 210 x 148 8.27 x 5.84
A6 148 x 105 5.84 x 4.13
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Types of Lines
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Types of Lines…
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Common Line Symbols Visible outline (Approx 0.5)
Hidden outline (Approx 0.3)
Center Lines
Phantom lines
2mm 1mm
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Common Line symbols… Cross Section Lines or Cutting plane line
Dimension Lines
Dimensions (mm or inch)
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Sketching process
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Sketching Techniques
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Engineering Drawing RulesAlways use a sharp edge pencil.Make all lettering the same size.Use engineering paper (A3, A2 etc)
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Freehand Technical Lettering
Single stroke lettersGeneral Proportions of letters
◦ No fix standards for proportions of standards◦ It should be such that it looks pleasant to eyes
LETTERS (Normal)LETTERS (compressed)
LETTERS (Extended)
Proportions
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Pencil TechniquesThe best pencil for
lettering on most surfaces are the 1H, 2H, and HB grades.
Hold your pencil in the position shown. It should make approximately a 60o angle with the paper.
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LetteringThe style of engineering lettering we will use
in the lab is Single Stroke Gothic Lettering◦ An example of the characters is shown on
next slide◦ Notice that only capital letters are
demonstrated, since we will use only capital letters on drawings
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Single Stroke Gothic Lettering
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Title Box
Name: A B C
Reg #: 2009XXX
Title : …………………
Date : 19 JAN 2009
8
8
8
8
100mm
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Try to follow the water in this illustration….
Confused????
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Thank you….