7-1-2016 1 www.anaerobic-microbiology.eu The Earth as Microbial Planet MSc course Philosophy of Microbiology MIKE JETTEN GRAVITATION CENTER OF EXCELLENCE SOEHNGEN INSTITUTE OF ANAEROBIC MICROBIOLOGY (SIAM) www.anaerobic-microbiology.eu -4Gy -3Gy -2Gy -1Gy 0 Bacteria Plants Animals Small in size: 100 nm – 2 mm Large in numbers: 10 30 microbial cells on Earth (50% of biomass) OXYGEN . Humans
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7-1-2016
1
www.anaerobic-microbiology.eu
The Earth as Microbial Planet
MSc course Philosophy of Microbiology
MIKE JETTEN
GRAVITATION CENTER OF EXCELLENCE
SOEHNGEN INSTITUTE OF ANAEROBIC MICROBIOLOGY
(SIAM)
www.anaerobic-microbiology.eu
-4Gy -3Gy -2Gy -1Gy 0
Bacteria
Plants
Animals
Small in size: 100 nm – 2 mm
Large in numbers: 1030 microbial cells on Earth (50% of biomass)
OXYGEN
. Humans
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www.anaerobic-microbiology.eu
“The Earth is a microbial planet, on which macro-organisms are recent
additions, highly interesting and extremely complex, but in the final analysis
relatively unimportant in a global context.”
Wheelis et al. (1998) PNAS 95:11043-11046
www.anaerobic-microbiology.eu
Life would not long
remain possible in
the absences of
microbes
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www.anaerobic-microbiology.eu
TABLE of CONTENT
Earth as Microbial Planet
1. Introduction
2. N
3. O
4. W
5. G
6. H
7. M
8. Conclusions
www.anaerobic-microbiology.eu
TABLE of CONTENT
Earth as Microbial Planet
1. Introduction
2. Nitrogen Fixation & Crop Protection
3. Healthy Air & Oxygen
4. Clean Environment & Wastewater
5. GHG Production & Mitigation
6. Human Microbiome
7. Source of New Medicines & Bioproducts
8. Conclusions
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www.anaerobic-microbiology.eu
TABLE of CONTENT
Earth as Microbial Planet
1. Introduction
2. Healthy Air & Oxygen
3. Nitrogen Fixation & Crop Protection
4. Clean Environment & Wastewater
5. GHG Production & Mitigation
6. Human Microbiome
7. Source of New Medicines & Bioproducts
8. Conclusions
http://www.techinsider.io/what-would-
happen-if-bacteria-disappeared-2015-12
www.anaerobic-microbiology.eu
Life would not long
remain possible in
the absences of
microbes
Gnotobiotic mice
Life in a bubble
Less bowel movement
Reduced immune system
Reduced organs
Severe Nutritional requirements
Sudden exposure to pathogens would be lethal
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www.anaerobic-microbiology.eu
www.anaerobic-microbiology.eu
Earth as Microbial Planet
Nitrogen Fixation & Crop Protection
w/o N2 fixation 50% of crops would fail
Compensate by Increased fertilizer production/use
Massive increase CO2 and global warming
What would happen w/o N2 fixation?
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www.anaerobic-microbiology.eu
Earth as Microbial Planet
Nitrogen Fixation & Crop Protection
The rhizosphere microbiome: significance of plant beneficial microorganisms
Mendes et al DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1574-6976.12028