- 1. Bellwork- Naming Salts
2.
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- Carbon and oxygen combine to form carbon monoxide (CO) and
carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), but these two invisible gases are very
different.
3.
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- Small amounts of CO 2in the air do not present any
problems.
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- Small amounts of CO in a room can be deadly.
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- A naming system that distinguishes between these two compounds
is needed.
4.
- Because two non-metals may combine in different ratios(ex. CO
and CO 2 ),the quantity of each element must be specified in the
name of a molecule.
5.
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- A prefix in the name of a binary molecular compound tells how
many atoms of an element are present in each molecule of the
compound.
6.
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- naming binary molecular compounds:
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- Name the elements in the order listed in the formula.
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- Use prefixes to indicate the number of each kind of atom.
7.
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- Dont use themono-prefix on the first element in the name.
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- The suffix of the name of the second element is - ide .
CO 2 carbon dioxide CO carbon monoxide 8.
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- The prefixes in the name tell you the subscript of each element
in the formula.Write the correct symbols for the two elements with
the appropriate subscripts.
Writing Formulas for Binary Molecular Compounds 9.
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- Silicon carbide is a hard material like diamond.
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- The namesilicon carbidehas no prefixes, so the subscripts of
silicon and carbon must be one. Thus, the formula for silicon
carbide is SiC.
10.
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- 1. Which of the following compounds is named INCORRECTLY?
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- BCl 3 , boron trichloride
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- IF 7 , iodine heptafluoride
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- PCl 5 , phosphorus hexachloride
11.
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- 2. Which of the following molecular compounds is named
INCORRECTLY?
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- SbCl 3 , antimony trichloride
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- C 2 O 5 , dicarbon pentoxide
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- CF 4 , carbon tetrafluoride
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- H 3 As, hydrogen arsenide
12.
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- 3. The correct formula fortetraphosphorus trisulfideis
13.
- Section 9.4- Naming Acids and bases
14.
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- An acid is a compound that contains one or more hydrogen atoms
and produces hydrogen ions (H + ) when dissolved in water.
15.
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- An acid is named after its anion.
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- -idehydro__________ic acid
Anion stem Anion stem Anion stem 16.
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- Acid formulas start with hydrogen & end with the formula of
the anion.
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- contains bromide (Br - )HBr
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- contains sulfate (SO 4 2- )H 2 SO 4
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- contains sulfite (SO 3 2- )H 2 SO 3
17. A base is a compound that produces hydroxide (OH - ) ions in
water 18.
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- Bases are named in the same way as other ionic compounds the
name of the cation is followed by the name of the anion.
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- The formula for the base aluminum hydroxide is Al(OH) 3 .
19.
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- Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is a base that is used to make
paper.
20.
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- Cleaners and soap contain sodium hydroxide.
21.
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- 1. The name for H 2 S(aq) is
9.4 Section Quiz 22.
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- 2. The chemical formula for chlorous acid is
9.4 Section Quiz 23.
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- 3. The correct chemical name for NH 4 OH is
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- nitrogen tetrahydrogen hydroxide.
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- nitrogen pentahydrogen oxide.
9.4 Section Quiz 24. Dihydrogen monoxide DHMO ?It is in water
sources everywhereIt is responsible for many deaths every year It
is the most addictive substance known 25.
- Name the following compounds.
- Write the chemical formula for the following compounds.
26.
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- The rules for naming and writing formulas for compounds are
possible only because compounds form from the elements in
predictable ways.
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- These ways are summed up in two laws: the law of definite
proportions and the law of multiple proportions.
27.
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- Thelaw of definite proportionsstates that in samples of any
chemical compound, the masses of the elements are always in the
same proportions.
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- Ex. A sample of water always contains 8g O to every 1g H.
28.
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- Water obeys the law of definite proportions. In every sample of
water, the mass ratio of oxygen to hydrogen is always 8:1.
29.
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- Hydrogen peroxide obeys the law of definite proportions. The
mass ratio of oxygen to hydrogen is always 16:1.
30.
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- The law of multiple proportions : Some elements can combine to
form more than one compound, in which the quantities of each
element are always in a ratio of small whole numbers.
31.
- Sulfur dioxideSulfur trioxide
32.
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- A Diagram of the Law of Multiple Proportions
5 5 33.
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- To use a flowchart to write the correct name for a compound,
follow the arrows and answer the questions.
34. 35.
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- In writing a chemical formula from a chemical name, it is
helpful to remember the following guidelines.
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- An - ideending generally indicates a binary compound.
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- An - iteor - ateending means a polyatomic ion that includes
oxygen is in the formula.
36.
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- Prefixes in a name generally indicate that the compound is
molecular.
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- A Roman numeral after the name of a cation shows the ionic
charge of the cation.
37. 38.
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- 1. The law of definite proportions states that in samples of
any chemical compound, the elements are always in the same
proportion by
Section Quiz 9.5. 39.
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- 2. If you determine that the name of an ion ends in-iteor-ate ,
the ion is a