8/16/2019 Lecture 6 - March 7 2016 http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/lecture-6-march-7-2016 1/23 PPOL‐G 697 Special Topics: Urban Housing Policy Public Policy PhD program & UPCD program Department of Public Policy and Public Affairs Michael P. Johnson, PhD Monday, March 7, 2016 Lecture #6: Housing and community development
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• Definition: “…nonprofit organizations whose primary mission is to serve, or provide investment capital for, low ‐income communities and low ‐income persons and who maintain accountability to residents of low ‐income communities by including representatives on their governing board or an advisory body.” (U.S. Department of Health and Human
Services)• 4,600 CDCs across the U.S. • 1.61 million units of low ‐ and moderate ‐income housing since
1960s•
Non ‐housing development activities include:• Homebuyer counseling• Education and training• Economic development
If a community ‐based organiz ation can provide:• High quality mixed ‐income housing• Cradle ‐to ‐college education with local control• Workforce development and other social services• Infrastructure and services that enhance quality of lifethen the neighborhood can become safe, sustainable and welcoming to middle ‐income families
How can we take CDC successes‘to scale’?CDCs have built deep expertise in low ‐income housing provision. However:
• Resources to develop such housing are dwindling• Nonprofit developers are chronically undercapitalized• Individual funding model does not support scale economies• Projects take too long and are too complicated• Current structure discourages innovation
Meeting affordable housing needs over the long run will require:• Flexibility and diversification• Innovation in program design• Provide funding to the organization, not just the project• Encourage collaborations across sectors• Promote private ‐public nonprofit partnerships• Develop comprehensive impact measurement
What are critical perspectives onthe CDC movement?
• Can CDCs really operate as corporations, yet advocate for their communities?
• Can CDCs meet the need for affordable housing by scaling up? Should they?
“Community’s tendency is to preserve neighborhood space as a use value for the service of community members, while capital’s tendency is to convert neighborhood space in to exchange values that can be speculated on for a profit. This sets up an
antagonistic relationship. Capital’s conversion of neighborhood space into exchange values drives up rents, destroys green space, eliminates neighborhood ‐based commerce, and disrupts neighboring patterns” (Stoecker 1997, p. 5)