Lecture 4 Day 5 - Main Memory.ppsx

7/25/2019 Lecture 4 Day 5 - Main Memory.ppsx

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Memory

Lecture 4 Day 5


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Agenda

What is Main Memory?

Types of Main Memory

Primary Memory

RAM

ROM

Cache


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Memory

Memory is one of the mimportant component of computer. It is a in! of sto

that may #e use! for storin" an! pro"rams for fureferences$ as %e&& as use!

processin" instructions #y CP'.


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Primary Memory

()ery computer has a temstora"e #ui&t into the comhar!%are

It stores instructions an! !atpro"ram main&y %hen the pr

is #ein" e*ecute! #y the CP'


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Primary Memory

$chips either on the mother#or on a sma&& circuit #

attache! to the mother#oar! computer

It has ran!om access property

It is )o&ati&e (ach &ocation has a un

a!!ress


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Types of Primary Mem

Primary Memory

RAM

ROM

Cache


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Memory Chips

MemoryChip

RAM

,RAM

DRAM

ROM

PROM

(PROM

'-

((Cache


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Random Access Memory(RAM)

Primary stora"e of a compuoften referre! to as RAM #eca

its ran!om access capa#i&ity

RAM chips are )o&ati&e memory


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A computers mother#oar!!esi"ne! in a manner that memory capacity can #e enha

#y a!!in" more memory chips

The a!!itiona& RAM chips$ %p&u" into specia& socets on

mother#oar!$ are no%n assinin-line memory modules (SIMMRandom Access Memory

(RAM)


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Types of RAM

RAM

,RA

M

DRA

M


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SRAM

,tatic ran!om/access memory0,RAM1 is a type of semicon!uctmemory that uses 2ip/2op circustore each #it. ,RAM e*hi#its !aremainance$ #ut it is sti&& )o&ati&ethe con)entiona& sense that !at

e)entua&&y &ost %hen the memonot po%ere!.

As this form of memory is &ess


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DRAM

As this form of memory is &esse*pensi)e to pro!uce than statRAM$ it is the pre!ominant form

computer memory use! in mo!computers

DRAM stores a #it of !ata usin"

transistoran! capacitorpair$%hich to"ether comprise a memce&&.


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DRAM

The capacitor ho&!s a hi"h or &o% ch03 or $ respecti)e&y1$ an! the transiacts as a s%itch that &ets the controcircuitry on the chip rea! the capacistate of char"e or chan"e it.

ROM & i& h


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Read Only Memory (R

ROM a non/)o&ati&e memory ch

Data store! in a ROM can on&yrea! an! use!$ they cannot #echan"e!

ROMs are main&y use! to storepro"rams an! !ata$ %hich !o n

chan"e an! are fre+uent&y use6or e*amp&e$ system #oot pro"


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Types of ROM

TYPE SA!E

Standard ROM Data is #urnt #y the manufactu

e&ectronic e+uipment in %hich

Programma"le

ROM (PROM)

The user can &oa! an! store 7re

pro"rams an! !ata in it usin" s

pro"ram ca&&e! PROM.

Erasa"le PROM(EPROM)

The user can erase informationit an! the chip can #e repro"ra

store ne% Information


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Types of ROM

TYPE SA!E

ltra #iolet

EPROM(#EPROM)

A type of (PROM chip in %hich the s

information is erase! #y e*posin" thsome time to u&tra/)io&et &i"ht

Electrically

EPROM (EEPROM)

A type of (PROM chip in %hich the s

information is erase! #y usin" hi"h

e&ectric pu&ses. It is a&so ca&&e! 6&ash


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RAM #s ROM

RAM ROM

Ran!om Access

Memory

Rea!/on&y me

Data$ instructions$an! the interme!iary9 :na& resu&t.

ROM storepro"ram re+uinitia&&y #oocomputer. Thhar!%ire!.


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RAM #s ROM

RAM ROM

RAM a&&o%s +uic

access an!mo!i:cations.

Data store! in

cannot #e easia&tere! orrepro"ramme!

It a&&o%s rea!in"an! %ritin".

It on&y a&&o%s r


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RAM #s ROM

RAM ROM

RAM is )o&ati&e i.e.

its contents are &ostas the !e)ice ispo%ere! o;

It is non/)o&ati&e

its contents areretaine! e)en i!e)ice is po%e

The t%o main typesof RAM are staticRAM an! !ynamicRAM.

The types of ROinc&u!e PROM$ an! ((PROM.

It is common&y use! for minimi


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Cache Memory

It is common&y use! for minimi cache name comes in e*ist


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$ Cache Memory

Le)e& > cache name comes in e*istmore an! more processors #e"in to L= cache into their architectures$e*tra cache #ui&t into mothe#et%een the microprocessor an! thmemory.

,imp&y once L= cache on mothe

no% #ecomes L> cache %hen usemicroprocessors containin" #ui&tcaches.

Lecture 4 Day 5 - Main Memory.ppsx

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