Lecture 26: Ignored Latin American Terrorism, Ignored Latin America 21 st April 2003 (Monday)

Lecture 26: Ignored Latin American Terrorism,

Ignored Latin America

21st April 2003 (Monday)

Week 10: “Third World” The “Three Worlds Theory” by Mao

First World: USA, USSR Second World: Other Developed Countries Third World: The Rests (“Developing

Countries”) Modifications of the Three Worlds Theory

First World: USA and the Capitalist Bloc Second World: USSR and the Communist Bloc Third World: China + Asia, Africa, Latin

America

Structure of Lecture 26: Focus:

Instead of the Latin American Reactions towards 911 Alone Reasons Behind our Ignorance of Latin America as well

Introduction to Latin America Latin American Terrorism Before 911 After 911: Bush “Abandoned” Latin America? After 911: Bush “Exploited” Latin America? Conclusion: How do we know the world?

PART IIntroduction to Latin America

and Its Relationship with USA

“Latin America”

Geographical Division: North America (Canada, USA, Mexico) South America Central America

Cultural Division: Anglo-Saxon America (Canada, USA)

(Mainly) Former Colonies of Britain Descendants of Anglo-Saxons

“Latin” America (Mexico, Central America, South America)

Former Colonies of Spain and Portugal Descendants of Native Americans + Hispanic Ethnicities

Latin America and USA

16th Century: The Spanish Conquest of Inca and Aztec Empires

1818: Collapse of the Spanish and Portuguese Colonial Empires

1825: Monroe Doctrine 1898: Spanish-American War

First American Colonies: Cuba, Philippines, Puerto Rica, Pacific Islands…

American Imperialism in Latin America

USA as the Backstage of Right-wing Dictators in Latin America President Batista of Cuba President Augusto Pinochet of Chile The Samoza Family of Nicaragua

“Backyard of the USA” Economic Backyard Political and Military Buffer Zone bet

ween USA and Other Great Powers

Challengers against USA

Cuba (1959- ) President Fidel Castro and Communism Cuban Missile Crisis (1963) and JFK The Hundreds CIA Attempts of Assassinatio

n……

Nicaragua (1979-1990) The Sandinista National Liberation Front (FS

LN)

Chile (1973) The CIA Coup against Elected, Socialist Pre

sident Salvador Allende

……

Story of Che Guevera

Number 2 of Communist Cuba

Internationalism Vs Nationalism

Death in Bolivia and the Guevera Fairy Tale

Romanticization of Che Guevera and 911

Message of Che Guevera in China and Hong Kong Today…

Image of Latin America

Football Brazil, Argentina, Urug

uay and World Cup The Politics of Football in

Latin America Secrets behind the Arg

entine 1978 Championship

Drugs Terrible Stories of Med

ellin, Colombia

Correlation between Football and Drugs

Football Gambling and Drug Tycoons

Colombian Goalkeeper “Madman” Rene Higuita and Triads

1990: The Murder of Colombian “OG Defender” Andres Escobar

PART IILatin American Terrorism

Before 911

Original Nature of “Left-wing Terrorism”

Rulers of Latin America: Right-wing Dictators Pro-American “Democratic” Co

untries

Anti-governmental Activities in Latin America Left-wing Movements/ Guerilla

s against the Rightists International “Proxy Support” fr

om the Leftists (Cuba, USSR, China, “Internationalists” like Che Guevera…)

Peru – The Shining Path

Shining Path (Sendero Luminoso) Abimael Guzman (“Comrade Conzalo”)

Professor of Philosophy – the “Terrible Professor”

Founded 1970 Goal:

To Create a “New State of Workers and Peasants”

Great Leap Forward, Collectivization… Strategy:

From Great Disorder to Great Order The Loyal/ Last Believer of Maoism

“Nacro-Guerillas” Latin American Economy:

Agriculture – Declining Industry – Depend on Foreign Aids Stock Market – Financial Crisis Oil – Venezuela Only

Drugs and Cocaine As a Serious Economic Product of C

ommon People, instead of Drugs Protected by “Nacro-Guerillas”

Comparison with the “Opium Empire” – Afghanistan

Why is it “Terrible”?

Colombian Nacro-Guerillas The Rule of Colombian Government:

President Alvaro Uribe Effective Rule Only in Main Cities like Bogota

The Rule of Nacro-Guerillas Rule of the Drug Cartels Effective Rule of Slumps/ Decaying Towns lik

e Medellin “Protector” of “Local Economy”

Nacro-Guerillas + Anti-Right-Wing Governmental Movement = Enemy of USA = “Enemy of Peace” = “Terrorism”

Assigned Readings

Main Text: Noam Chomsky. Rogue States: the Rule

of Force in World Affairs. New York: South End Press, 2002. Chapter 5: Plan Colombia. P.62-81.

Supplementary Text: Gordon McCormick. “The Shining Path

and Peruvian Terrorism.” David Rapoport Ed. Inside Terrorist Organizations. London: Frank Cass, 2001. P.109-128.

PART III Bush “Abandoned”

Latin America After 911?

“Butterfly Diplomacy”

Body of the Butterfly: North America, Central America and

South America Left Wing of the Butterfly:

Asian-Pacific Allies (Japan, Australia, Taiwan, South Korea, Singapore…)

Right Wing of the Butterfly: European Allies (NATO + EU)

Target of the Butterfly: China, Russia, Middle East

Bush’s Initial Foreign Policy: Latin America as his “Top Priority” (2000)

South American Financial Crisis

Worldwide Financial Crisis Bangkok Indonesia USA S

outh America Vicious Cycles… Foreign Exchange Devaluation The Controversial Roles of World Ban

k and International Monetary Fund (IMF)

From Financial Crises to Political Crises

The American Abandonment

(Ir-)relevancy of Latin American and Middle East: Politic of Oil: Venezuela Only Support in the Anti-Terror Coalition: Nominal Economic Investment: More Economical in Middle East

after 911 Redistribution of American Resources from Latin A

merican after 911 Financial Crises Pushed Leftist Candidates into Po

wer in Latin American Further American Retreat

Example 1: Argentina

December 2001 Fall of President De la Rua Leftist President Eduard

o Duhalde (the “heir of Peron and Evita”)

Example 2: Brazil

August 2002 President Fernando C

ardoso (the “Tony Blair of Brazil”)

President Lula (the People’s Worker)

Redistribution of Power in Latin America to

wards the Left?

PART IV Bush “Exploited”

Latin America After 911?

South America as the “Last Shelter of the World” Isolated Position as the

“Hermit’s Continent” Money Shelters (tax-havens)

Switzerland, Bermuda… Paraguay, Bahamas, Haiti…

Political Shelters “New Lives” of Nazis in Brazil

after WWII “New Lives” of the “Rejuvenated”

Marilyn Monroe?

US Financial Expansion?“Financial War against Terrorism”

Bush Doctrine: Either with us, or with the Terrorists Against Financial Power of Al-Qaeda Paul O’Neil, US Secretary of the Treasury

Financial War against Terrorism [More on Lecture 31] Report any Possible Source of Al-Qaeda Money Leakage of Financial Secrets of Tax Havens i

n Latin America Further Eroding the Economic Base of the De

caying Latin America

US Military Expansion?-- the “Triple Frontiers”

Frontier between Brazil, Argentina and Paraguay

Suspected “Terrorism”: 10 million of Muslims as a de

facto Autonomous Region/ Ghetto

A Tax Haven

Financial War against Terrorism

US Pressured the 3 Countries to be “Aware” of the Muslims

US Political Expansion? – “Plan Colombia”

US Government Provided the Greatest Amount of Financial Aid to the Colombian Government

Nominal Motivation: Vs Drugs and Nacro-Guerillas

Real Motivation: Military Expansion against any Anti-American Campaigns in Latin America?

Noam Chomsky: “Rogue State”

The Case of Venezuela Venezuela as the Only Oil Producer of

South America President Hugo Chavez:

Sympathetic towards Cuba, Iraq, China…

The First National Head to Visit Baghdad since the UN Embargo

Potential Candidate of the Axis of Evil

American-supported Coup and Anti-coup (2002)

A New Castro?

PART V Conclusion –

How do you know

the world??

The American Preference

Latin America as the “Backyard” No News is Good News?

Lack of Report of the Latin American Right-wing Dictators (e.g. Pinochet of Chile)

Lots of Reports of the Latin American Left-wing Dictators (e.g. Castro of Cuba)

Features of Globalization

The Rule of Media US-controlled Media American Perspective/ Li

beral Perspective Against the Rule of Medi

a? The Case of Al-Jazeera, t

he “CNN of the Middle East”

Why no “CNN of Latin America”?

Limitations of Globalization (I)Machiavellian Diplomacy

Other Countries “Concern” Latin America only When it is Useful

The “Mexico Plan” of Germany during WWI

The Money Diplomacy of Taiwan Belize, Costa Rica, the Commonwealth of

Dominica, the Dominican Republic, Grenada, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, St. Christopher and Nevis, and St. Vincent and the Grenadines

Limitations of Globalization (II)

International Inertia Too Lazy to Explore the Virgin Land? Comparison with the Northwest Economic

Program of China

Demagogue-nature of Latin Americans

How to Catch International Attention?

Formal Methods: Political/ Diplomatic Attention Economic Attention Cultural Attention

The Ignored People, the Ignored Continent

Messages behind the “Live Shows” of Fidel Castro, Che Guevera and Rene Higuita…

~~The End~~

Thank you for attending