Lecture 13: Technical progress and Growth Advanced Macroeconomics M.Sc. Programme in Environmental and Natural Resource Economics 1/2007 13 July 2007
Jan 17, 2016
Lecture 13: Technical progress and GrowthAdvanced MacroeconomicsM.Sc. Programme in Environmental and Natural Resource Economics1/200713 July 2007
outlineGrowth accounting methodFinding technical progress in growthAccounting for technical progressNew growth factorsThailands experience
Growth accounting methodThe growth accounting equationFrom the APO Study
Try deriving Eq.2 from Eq.1, differentiation exercise.
Finding technical progress in growthThe residual in the growth accounting equationFrom above, TFPG is the Residual!See what it looks like?Back to the APO paper..
And later ..
Accounting for technical progressWhat can explain TFPG?Accounting methods do not account for quality changes, eg. Labour is skilled or unskilled, highly-educated and not much educatedCapital stock valuation-embodied/disembodied progressLearning by doing Anything else? E.g. X-efficiency,
New growth factorsThese are new growth factorsMany studies point to these factorsEg. Knowledge economyInnovationOpenness of economyGovernance of country/corruption and growthEtc.
Strong Correlation KEI & GDP/Capita
Korea in the Global Context
14 variables
GDP growth SIMA (%)GDP growth 2001 (%)Human Development IndexHuman Development Index 2000 (2002 UNDP)Tariff & nontariff barriersTariff & nontariff barriers 2002 (Heritage Fdn)Property RightsProperty Rights 2002 (Heritage Fdn)RegulationRegulation (2002 Heritage Fdn)Researchers in R&DResearchers in R&D (UNESCO 1999)Manuf. Trade as % of GDPManuf. Trade as % of GDP 2000 (SIMA)[ln] Scientific and technical journal articles per million people 1995 SIMA[ln] Number of technical papers per million people 1997 SIMAAdult literacy rate (% age 15 and above)Adult literacy rate (% age 15 and above) 2001 (2002 ILO)Secondary EnrollmentSecondary Enrollment 1998 (SIMA)Tertiary enrollmentTertiary enrollment 1998 SIMA[ln] Telephone per 1000 (mainlines + mobile)[ln] Telephone per 1000 people 2001 (telephone mainlines+mobile phones) ITU[ln] Computers per 1,000 persons[ln] Computers per 1,000 persons 2001 (ITU)[ln] Internet hosts per 10,000 people[ln] Internet hosts per 10,000 people, 2001 (ITU)
1995most recent1995most recent1995most recent1995most recent1995most recent1995most recent1995most recent1995most recent1995most recent1995most recent1995most recent1995most recent1995most recent1995most recent
p1p1p2p2e4e4e5e5e6e6i6i6i7i7i10i10h1h1h2h2h3h3t1t1t4t4t10t10
G7GE2.291.400.920.938.008.009.439.148.296.86324716.29325537.7128.4533.896.186.1699.7499.79106.84109.2057.0659.016.407.095.135.873.966.10
CanadaGE12.71.480.9320.94088101088649607885044.98055.66.606.50100100104.910587.8906.546.885.395.974.856.84
FranceGE21.72.030.9140.92888888614107515422227.78036.926.126.13100100111.311151516.367.075.005.823.304.90
GermanyGE31.71.570.9070.9258810108624232023214232.52043.576.056.091001001049846.1466.337.185.195.824.085.69
ItalyGE42.91.780.8970.913888886751267644431.71034.815.625.6598.298.593.995.442.347.26.227.184.445.272.644.77
JapanGE51.5-0.430.9230.933881088670320461853411.41013.745.825.86100100103.410241.72446.387.084.805.853.096.33
UKGE62.82.200.9160.92888101010813125414443236.27036.116.536.4810010013315649.6586.407.225.315.904.335.92
USAGE72.71.190.9250.9398810108891507597414014.48016.476.526.4210010097.49780.976.96.607.015.806.435.448.22
Western EuropeWE3.022.300.910.927.868.009.299.436.436.7115705.1519434.1547.3857.755.956.0098.8299.14115.02116.3544.3450.346.387.225.115.784.236.28
AustriaWE11.621.040.9090.9268810106687821282142.9657.945.976.06100.00100.00104.396.047.3550.06.257.155.095.634.216.00
BelgiumWE22.560.970.9270.93988101066184652291887.59114.186.106.16100.00100.00146.3147.156.3358.86.187.125.185.843.445.84
DenmarkWE32.80.920.9070.92688101088131751629535.16040.336.636.6710010012112648556.657.295.616.074.586.95
FinlandWE43.80.720.9080.93088101048114101399542.88052.156.576.6610010011612170836.617.195.456.056.057.44
GreeceWE52.104.1000.8680.8858886665461803020.2320.245.195.3696.3097.495.395.642.349.96.257.163.544.402.134.91
IcelandWE60.123.0000.9180.93688101068815113022.5226.836.246.16100100103.9110.335.440.46.517.305.336.045.747.55
IrelandWE79.76.660.8940.925881010885880927685.770117.735.685.64100100116109.139.6456.017.105.225.973.645.81
LuxembourgWE83.785.1000.9120.92588101088N/AN/A79.4976.644.234.2110010084.997.39.39.66.457.475.926.243.855.75
NetherlandsWE92.31.060.9220.93588101086316503550460.60080.836.566.5410010013712548496.337.225.306.064.727.40
NorwayWE103.81.400.9250.94268101066126361465625.80024.166.386.4410010011612158.6656.687.345.616.235.276.51
PortugalWE112.851.9300.8550.88088886659081164839.3045.594.484.7090.1092.7110.7112.638.844.65.997.094.034.772.555.48
SpainWE122.72.750.8950.913888866412235089526.22035.925.535.6697.1097.812211347.8566.016.994.135.132.644.90
SwedenWE133.71.220.9250.9418881066277203443447.66056.326.826.82100100136.516146.7636.817.335.526.335.116.72
SwitzerlandWE140.51.300.9140.9288881066210422104247.159.656.846.90100100100.29432.5356.607.275.656.215.346.60
Developed OceaniaDO4.082.100.910.938.008.0010.0010.007.008.0027666.0033539.0022.2024.856.446.40100.00100.00127.45134.0766.3071.156.397.005.516.105.077.02
AustraliaDO14.352.390.9270.9398810106851153.0006042618.37020.26.486.43100100142.51557379.86.427.005.626.255.157.08
New ZealandDO23.81.800.9020.917881010884179.000665226.02029.56.396.36100100112.4113.159.662.56.357.005.405.955.006.96
East AsiaEA7.772.150.750.775.096.557.646.736.185.6464160.4481591.5691.56113.972.832.9889.1792.8366.1073.1620.7126.094.595.813.064.051.313.04
ChinaEA110.57.300.6810.72622444441600855297232.65036.151.922.1380.8084.865.8625.363.585.521.192.960.020.52
HongkongEA23.91.000.8770.888101010101010n/aN/A241.420237.895.415.7091.8093.87371.9125.0327.46.497.275.055.953.396.35
IndonesiaEA38.23.310.6640.684266444297443130426.03036.530.460.4883.7087.551.54811.311.262.894.121.802.370.111.14
KoreaEA48.93.040.8520.882661010668737610087842.62056.024.294.6297.0097.9100.9102.05267.66.106.994.695.532.084.53
MalaysiaEA59.80.390.7600.78264868616721953137.090165.92.872.7084.408858.79811.711.435.386.213.654.841.103.47
MongoliaEA66.31.400.6360.65521086641820182033.740n/a1.342.0182.9098.959.256.341524.83.534.821.482.620.000.46
PhilippinesEA74.73.400.7330.754266644100481004831.93083.151.081.1894.0095.577.577.3129283.335.182.363.090.231.61
SingaporeEA88-2.000.8570.88510101010101042789272243.180247.335.715.6890.8092.673.46733.743.86.217.095.316.234.196.17
TaiwanEA96.4-2.00N/AN/A8810886n/aN/A68.47081.265.355.44n/aN/An/aN/An/aN/A6.157.344.605.412.576.64
ThailandEA109.31.790.7490.76268108666498607758.46081.521.821.9594.2095.7548820304.395.362.713.280.692.51
VietnamEA119.55.990.6490.6882222222000020000n/an/a0.830.8892.1093.647614.110.682.383.970.862.290.000.06
South AsiaSA5.144.280.530.563.203.605.604.804.004.0035799.7539293.0025.1326.371.381.2951.7656.3441.6350.545.004.782.063.220.971.420.000.49
BangladeshSA14.95.160.4450.4782244225843609719.521.380.830.7238.14219.1647.465.454.810.882.07N/A0.6400.00
IndiaSA27.74.500.5450.57722664412835013842111.66011.572.342.2853.305848.8496.587.202.563.690.831.760.010.59
NepalSA33.55.860.4530.490844444n/aN/A22.16027.10.990.9835.9042.739.7484.431.392.590.801.220.010.49
PakistanSA44.13.400.4730.49924844460489216.022.08021.01.201.0341.2047.125.6637.23.4493.5482.833.371.511.410.000.58
Sri LankaSA55.52.500.7190.74126666629583438.050.2450.81.521.4490.3091.974.8715.15.3242.644.390.742.070.000.79
Europe and Central AsiaECA0.584.820.760.785.096.455.735.455.554.7355200.3246259.0037.5354.503.793.7896.7597.5284.0783.3628.3033.144.985.742.773.981.043.11
AlbaniaECA18.906.480.7020.733446464N/AN/A26.6424.851.801.4781.2085.3037.5238.211.310.92.454.930.692.030.100.39
ArmeniaECA26.909.600.7150.75461066445492549228.7830.653.813.8298.0098.5080.2390.013.912.05.044.991.102.070.381.98
BelarusECA3-10.44.100.7760.788466462325902248040.50030.534.204.0299.5099.693.48642.345.25.265.68N/AN/A0.021.44
BulgariaECA42.94.500.7780.779646644394561397654.500544.664.7397.9098.5787639.4435.736.312.893.790.693.53
Czech RepublicECA563.500.8430.84910888106132001222071.600100.945.185.3299.0010098.78521.8265.486.943.994.803.095.35
EstoniaECA64.34.20N/A0.826101088884988201744.900111.625.005.4199.0099.8103.71043847.45.706.694.235.163.225.88
GeorgiaECA72.64.500.7620.748684444N/AN/An/an/a3.243.289910075.6478.639.634.24.635.36N/AN/A0.101.57
HungaryECA81.53.800.8090.835488886115001099044.600112.055.095.1599.2099.397.89823.6345.476.773.694.612.775.13
KazakhstanECA9-8.213.200.7450.750444424n/aN/A7.46030.732.392.1999.009884.48733.2722.964.785.01N/AN/A0.112.05
Kyrgyz Rep.ECA10-5.425.310.7060.7124444443826268515.2237.841.421.0397.009778.886.411.930.54.374.41N/AN/A0.002.32
LatviaECA11-0.87.550.7630.8004866664593209823.09046.514.084.2799.8099.8858727515.656.382.195.031.794.68
LithuaniaECA123.33.800.7810.80841066668112811229.66049.463.803.9299.5099.684.29028.2415.556.342.014.260.694.57
MoldovaECA13-1.46.070.7040.7012666442158144241.0342.953.483.3698.309980.9380.525.327.84.875.311.142.770.011.61
PolandECA1471.200.8080.833486866410785296229.82040.394.704.6499.7099.797.65134.9744.25.016.323.384.451.954.85
RomaniaECA157.15.300.7720.7751064444281063190135.56048.683.313.5297.6098.277.9801824.44.885.872.663.580.693.08
RussiaECA16-4.15.000.7790.78144648462041652728912.95016.914.844.7799.4099.687854240.65.145.642.923.910.913.22
SlovakiaECA176.73.290.8170.83588868610080.000933068.16087.465.295.2599.0010093.79720.226.65.356.533.745.001.954.91
SloveniaECA184.13.000.8520.8794446685944.000450277.29085.725.285.5699.6099.690.59934.553.35.787.064.625.623.375.01
TajikistanECA19-12.45.000.6690.66726444439743722n/an/a1.851.7698.8099.380.5778.220.420.53.803.60N/AN/A0.001.49
TurkeyECA207.18-6.400.7170.742888684123691775123.81029.663.293.5682.0085.65769.719.5145.386.382.753.710.692.84
UkraineECA21-12.29.100.7450.748264444163299112327n/an/a3.963.7799.5099.692.619341.7425.085.552.232.910.412.53
UzbekistanECA22-0.94.000.7140.7272244223762537625n/an/a2.622.4786.4089.494.4794.2035.837.434.224.22N/AN/A0.010.08
Latin AmericaLA3.401.250.720.743.905.706.005.405.305.106800.136017.3826.1028.112.012.1083.8786.1553.4963.4119.3021.204.295.412.743.660.532.49
ArgentinaLA1-2.9-3.700.8300.84444868611583231009.46010.693.934.0996.3096.972.78937.646.95.136.003.243.981.104.83
BarbadosLA21.54.130.9090.8712461068n/aN/A36.35036.274.374.3197.409895.5410528.7315.896.344.074.540.101.77
BoliviaLA34.71.020.6300.6538864441106137620.41021.041.431.4882.3086.239.1239.9624.224.93.535.021.483.020.091.04
BrazilLA44.21.510.7370.75744664657868272168.97012.583.033.2183.2085.655.68312.913.64.535.952.914.140.824.57
ChileLA510.62.900.8110.831481010885499623022.63022.464.014.0594.9095.969.5852833.74.956.363.534.431.954.38
ColombiaLA65.21.550.7500.7724664861083108315.44016.771.601.8290.3092.161.37115.519.74.775.512.853.740.692.67
Costa RicaLA75.60.920.8050.8204866661596159634.21057.132.972.9694.8095.747.65230.6331.275.015.724.255.141.613.08
Dom.RepLA822.700.6980.727244444n/aN/An/an/a0.530.5681.6083.951.66622.423.084.395.55N/AN/A0.173.90
EcuadorLA92.35.240.7190.7324464441463.00010032.1034.721.221.4589.5091.651.7356.2317.917.614.195.142.653.150.361.29
El SalvadorLA106.42.000.6820.706486668195175220.80023.180.190.4176.0079.334.35618.918.213.955.39N/A3.090.040.59
GuatemalaLA114.942.100.6090.63126644485885820.5122.590.990.8665.1069.426.1833.48.58.43.455.091.392.550.031.90
HaitiLA124.43-1.620.4570.471262222N/AN/An/an/a0.210.2544.8050.928.6429.31.21.22.123.03N/AN/A0.000.00
HondurasLA134.072.580.6280.638466644N/AN/A33.3040.390.740.9871.7075.132.13232.010.913.03.304.421.392.500.000.40
JamaicaLA1411.720.7360.742446666241860.1539.363.372.8584.7087.265.74907.88.94.916.151.823.910.531.88
MexicoLA15-6.2-0.300.7740.796688644141681947442.80051.682.933.0689.8091.66170.54815.318.44.625.873.284.231.104.53
NicaraguaLA164.33.000.6150.63524444465072538.62050.520.561.1666.8068.948.950.14511.5123.144.112.082.260.261.65
ParaguayLA174.7-0.500.7350.74066646480780727.67021.980.700.5991.9093.5415110.0810.143.645.542.402.650.001.76
PeruLA188.60.200.7300.7472664445551559214.43014.221.241.2987.9090.369.78127293.914.922.763.870.301.82
UruguayLA19-1.4-3.100.8150.8316668662093209316.05017.073.303.6397.3097.982.48828.4934.75.466.083.134.701.105.36
VenezuelaLA203.962.660.7660.7704464844258425815.9113.242.932.9891.0092.935.1539.528.528.24.895.933.363.970.432.32
Middle East and North AfricaMENA3.922.670.690.714.594.596.825.766.595.295289.255989.0033.1529.242.982.9469.3474.4762.8767.4816.3019.584.485.392.853.600.531.76
AlgeriaMENA13.81.900.6630.697246466n/aN/A16.77012.281.791.7661.5068.862.5661214.83.714.151.381.960.010.19
BahrainMENA23.934.000.8200.831861010108n/aN/A40.90031.544.243.4385.3088979321.0725.95.676.513.944.951.253.23
DjiboutiMENA3-3.61.590.4470.445446644n/aN/An/an/a0.870.0058.9065.512.9320.220.3152.563.002.072.390.060.49
EgyptMENA44.73.300.6050.642224644196802478614.16012.083.102.9751.2056.276.58120.1638.83.834.991.672.740.090.25
IranMENA52.94.560.6880.721222242n/aN/A11.9112.721.661.8670.8077.87576.6817.218.334.425.233.274.240.040.32
IsraelMENA67.01-0.500.8770.896888886201002010046.754.866.866.7995.0096.288894148.66.217.164.905.503.935.40
JordanMENA76.44.190.7030.71744866628228245.76051.733.553.8186.4090.355.365.921619.484.095.602.013.490.041.65
KuwaitMENA81.12.200.8120.8138610886205.00046026.24028.624.564.4779.708362.0365.119.219.245.696.194.054.882.202.91
LebanonMENA96.51.300.7300.755846464n/aN/An/an/a2.613.0683.3086.580.6892738.185.016.012.874.030.183.04
MoroccoMENA10-6.66.540.5690.602228466n/aN/A21.97035.922.242.4044.0049.938.540119.33.785.281.432.570.080.59
OmanMENA115.115.500.7300.751668686n/aN/A31.59038.293.183.3163.7073.166.7675.384.415.362.333.480.002.94
QatarMENA129.9-1.800.8190.80368664422922931.26022.123.893.6679.2081.779.77927.525.95.556.344.025.100.001.12
Saudi ArabiaMENA130.44-1.000.7370.7594410686n/aN/A21.04016.783.663.5072.2077.9586615.819.34.555.553.604.140.011.81
SyriaMENA145.83.490.6650.69122448445045036.68016.661.451.5769.9075.343.34215.4264.224.792.092.790.000.01
TunisiaMENA152.35.400.6820.722226686888112556.19056.392.803.0964.7072.164.672.51317.24.065.002.043.170.080.20
UAEMENA166.12.900.8100.8128810888n/aN/A73.450n/a3.823.7772.9076.177.67810.9813.25.857.023.925.060.965.67
YemenMENA1710.861.760.4390.47926446448048022.64019.340.370.4940.1047.630.6454.210.42.563.40N/A0.640.000.04
AfricaAF4.904.090.470.483.143.715.815.244.674.482142.716035.8614.5514.821.601.5059.2864.8129.1631.973.663.872.053.351.291.810.140.89
AngolaAF110.303.160.4050.4032.0002.004.004.002.002.00N/AN/A3.416.530.200.1542.0042.0012.4316.00.70.81.572.510.690.260.000.01
BeninAF24.605.800.3880.4208.0046.0046.004794.0079423.2015.051.161.4333.8041.615.7021.42.603.41.673.350.440.530.010.58
BotswanaAF35.105.700.6200.5724.0068.0086.006n/aN/A3.724.302.942.8672.707862.6076.55.303.53.715.562.423.660.182.15
CameroonAF43.35.300.4990.512226444n/aN/A7.819.221.831.8369.707725.63203.495.1821.613.300.921.360.000.23
Cote D'IvoireAF57.1-0.900.4160.428246.00046.0004n/aN/A19.0721.421.211.1240.4048.423236.3467.3342.204.140.001.810.001.07
EritreaAF62.95.140.4080.421n/aN/An/aN/An/aN/An/aN/A25.7820.450.370.0551.1056.718.9241.021.2391.592.13N/A0.590.010.03
EthiopiaAF76.17.850.3080.327224.00044.0004n/aN/A3.173.320.991.5433.0039.611.6170.710.691.650.000.180.010.01
GhanaAF844.000.5250.548246644n/aN/A25.03041.231.501.6765.1072.633.6032.341.31.321.393.040.781.190.000.10
KenyaAF94.41.100.5230.513446644n/aN/A8.685.922.472.2477.1083.424.4311.561.462.083.260.461.720.010.62
MadagascarAF101.76.700.4410.469224.00066.0006159.00015912.2415.03N/AN/A62.3067.315.6162.172.330.692.530.000.880.000.13
MalawiAF1116.72.830.4030.4004.00046644N/AN/A11.9714.411.681.5755.906116.5017.30.60.21.282.250.590.100.000.02
MauritaniaAF124.64.640.4180.438624.00044.0004n/aN/A24.76018.220.650.6939.4042.915.917.93.845.51.392.291.932.280.000.34
MauritiusAF134.77.200.7460.77244888618536128.9026.601.921.1082.408561.8716.17.24.966.233.504.680.003.30
MozambiqueAF144.39.000.3130.322264444n/aN/A8.227.110.430.4238.5045.37.190.40.521.252.550.591.250.000.01
NamibiaAF154.464.610.6290.610448846n/aN/A22.1816.552.131.5078.5082.762.359.38.17.2883.974.802.623.590.103.29
NigeriaAF162.54.000.4480.4622264441320132018.00023.961.561.4956.4065.332.0430.304.284.021.391.961.771.920.000.06
SenegalAF175.235.740.4000.4312.00048.00064.0004201927.5824.872.182.0132.8038.316.1519.53.33.62.284.172.102.920.011.08
South AfricaAF183.12.220.7240.69524668612215391786.5413.574.013.8783.3085.695.4103.717.517.24.705.783.364.232.564.02
TanzaniaAF193.64.570.4270.440226444n/aN/A2.360.531.281.3570.0076.85.46.50.460.661.102.771.101.190.000.34
UgandaAF2011.54.620.4040.44426464630642014.62017.661.121.1961.8068.11216.071.72.170.692.840.421.130.030.12
ZambiaAF21-2.495.170.4320.4336.00066644N/AN/A6.028.611.651.2773.2078.926.5426.52.52.72.242.842.081.950.100.71
ZimbabweAF220.15-8.400.5630.551246244n/aN/A16.7811.442.282.2384.8089.447496.56.692.643.751.392.490.081.27
Max.16.7213.200.9320.94210.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.00915075.00974140.00243.18247.336.866.90100.00100.00146.32161.0087.8090.006.817.475.926.436.058.22
Min.-12.40-8.400.310.322.002.002.002.002.002.0020.0018.002.360.530.190.0032.8038.305.406.500.220.190.691.650.000.100.000.00
10 scales29.1221.600.620.628.008.008.008.008.008.00915055.00974122.00240.82246.806.676.9067.2061.70140.92154.5087.5889.816.125.825.926.346.058.22
per scale2.912.160.060.060.800.800.800.800.800.8091505.5097412.2024.0824.680.670.696.726.1714.0915.458.768.980.610.580.590.630.600.82
WB182718:1996
WB182718:1996
WB182718:1996
WB182718:1999
WB182718:1996
WB182718:1997
WB182718:1999
WB182718:1997
WB182718:1997
WB182718:1997
WB182718:1997
WB182718:1996
WB182718:1996
WB182718:1996
WB182718:1999
WB182718:1997
assigned 10 based on 1997
assigned 8 based on 1997
WB182718:1996
1987 (scientists and engrs/mill SIMA) X1987( total pop SIMA)
assumed to be sameas that for "most recent"
WB182718:2000 UNDP
WB182718:1997
1998 data
1999 data
1999 data
WB182718:1997
WB182718:1994
1999 data
1997
WB182718:1996
WB182718:1996
WB182718:1997
WB182718:1996
WB182718:1996
WB182718:1996
WB182718:1997
1996
1997
WB182718:1998
WB182718:1997
WB182718:1996
WB182718:undp 98
WB182718:undp 98
WB182718:2000 UNDP
WB182718:1996
WB182718:1996
WB182718:1996
WB182718:undp 98
all from 1998
WB182718:undp 98
WB182718:2000 UNDP
WB182718:1996
WB182718:1999
WB182718:2000 UNDP
no other year reported. Hence, 8112(1996)repeated.
WB182718:1997
WB182718:1996
WB182718:1997
WB182718:1996
1999 data
WB182718:undp 98
WB182718:1998
WB182718:1998
WB182718:1998
WB182718:1996
WB182718:1997
WB182718:1996
1997
all from 1998
WB182718:1996
WB182718:1997
WB182718:2000
all data from 1996
WB182718:undp 1998
WB182718:2000 UNDP
1997
WB182718:1997
1987 data 39X5( pop)
WB182718:1997
WB182718:1996
WB182718:1997
WB182718:1996
1997
WB182718:1996
WB182718:1997
all from 1997
1986 data
1999 data
all from 1996
1997
1997
1997
1999 data
1998 data
WB182718:1997 PRS group
all from 1999
1999 data
no other data; 450 repeated
WB182718:prs group
1997
1993
no other data reported. Data for 1997 repeated.
WB182718:1998
WB182718:2000
WB182718:2000
WB182718:2000
WB182718:undp 1998
WB182718:2000 UNDP
all 1996
WB182718:1998
1996 data used
1999 data used
WB182718:1996
WB182718:1997
1996 data
WB182718:1996
all from 1996
1996 data
1989 Data
1996
1996
1987 data
WB182718:1996
WB182718:1997
WB182718:1996
WB182718:1996
WB182718:1996
WB182718:1996
WB182718:1998
WB182718:1998
WB182718:1998 undp 2000
WB182718:1998 undp 2000
WB182718:1998 undp 2000
WB182718:1998 undp 2000
WB182718:1998 undp 2000
WB182718:1998
N/A for all years in SIMA
WB182718:1997
WB182718:1997
WB182718:1996
WB182718:1996
WB182718:1997
WB182718:1996
WB182718:1996
WB182718:1997
WB182718:1997
WB182718:1997
WB182718:1997
WB182718:1997
WB182718:1997
WB182718:1997
WB182718:1997
WB182718:1997
WB182718:1997
WB182718:1997
WB212083:1996 data
WB212083:1996 data
WB212083:1997 data
WB212083:1996 data
WB212083:1997 Data
WB212083:1997 Data
WB212083:1998 data
WB212083:1998 data
WB212083:1997 data
WB212083:1997 data
WB212083:1998 Data
WB182718:afrdi 2002
WB182718:1997 afrdi 2002
WB182718:1997 afrdi 2002
WB182718:afrdi 2002
WB182718: afrdi 2002
WB182718: 1998 afrdi 2002
WB182718: afrdi 2002
WB182718: afrdi 2002
WB182718: afrdi 2002
WB182718:1999 afrdi 2002
WB182718: afrdi 2002
WB182718: afrdi 2002
WB182718: afrdi 2002
WB182718: afrdi 2002
WB182718:1997 afrdi 2002
WB182718:afrdi 2002
WB182718:afrdi 2002
WB182718:afrdi 2002
WB182718:afrdi 2002
WB182718:afrdi 2002
WB182718:afrdi 2002
WB182718:afrdi 2002
WB182718: afrdi 2002
WB182718: afrdi 2002
WB182718: afrdi 2002
WB182718: afrdi 2002
WB182718: afrdi 2002
WB182718: afrdi 2002
WB182718:1998
WB182718:1996
WB182718:1996
WB182718:1996
14 Normalized
GDP growth (%)Average Annual GDP growth (%) (2001 WDI)Human Development IndexHuman Development Index 1999 (2001 UNDP)Tariff & nontariff barriersTariff & nontariff barriers 2001 (2001 Heritage Fdn)Property RightsProperty Rights (2001 Heritage Fdn)RegulationRegulation (2001 Heritage Fdn)Researchers in R&DResearchers in R&D (UNESCO 1999)Manuf. Trade as % of GDPManuf. Trade as % of GDP (SIMA)[ln] Scientific and technical journal articles per million people[ln] Number of technical papers per million people 1997 (2001 WDI)Adult literacy rate (% age 15 and above)Adult literacy rate (% age 15 and above) 1999 (2001 UNDP)Secondary EnrollmentSecondary Enrollment 1998 (SIMA)Tertiary enrollmentTertiary enrollment 1998 (2001 WDI)[ln] Telephone per 1000 (mainlines + mobile)[ln] Telephone per 1000 people 1999 (telephone mainlines+mobile phones) 2000 ITU[ln] Computers per 1,000 persons[ln] Computers per 1,000 persons 1999 (2000 ITU)[ln] Internet hosts per 10,000 people[ln] Internet hosts per 10,000 people, 2001 (ITU)
1995most recent1995most recent1995most recent1995most recent1995most recent1995most recent1995most recent1995most recent1995most recent1995most recent1995most recent1995most recent1995most recent1995most recent
Scorecardp1p1p2p2e4e4e5e5e6e6i6i6i7i7i10i10h1h1h2h2h3h3t1t1t4t4t10t10
G7GE5.044.549.759.807.507.509.298.937.866.073.553.341.081.358.988.939.969.977.206.656.496.559.339.358.679.116.557.41
CanadaGE15.194.5710.009.977.507.5010.0010.007.507.500.710.811.772.239.629.4210.0010.007.066.3810.0010.009.568.999.109.268.028.32
FranceGE25.194.839.719.777.507.507.507.507.505.001.541.581.061.478.898.8810.0010.007.516.765.805.669.269.328.449.035.455.96
GermanyGE34.844.629.609.737.507.5010.0010.007.505.002.652.381.251.748.788.8310.0010.007.005.925.245.109.219.518.779.036.746.92
ItalyGE45.254.719.449.537.507.507.507.507.505.000.820.781.221.398.148.199.739.766.285.764.805.239.039.507.508.174.365.81
JapanGE54.773.699.869.857.507.5010.007.507.505.007.686.350.380.548.458.4910.0010.006.956.184.744.889.299.338.109.095.117.70
UKGE65.224.919.749.777.507.5010.0010.0010.007.501.431.481.411.449.509.4010.0010.009.059.685.646.449.329.588.979.167.167.20
USAGE75.194.449.899.957.507.5010.0010.007.507.5010.0010.000.500.659.499.3110.0010.006.535.869.218.549.659.229.7910.008.9910.00
Western EuropeWE5.304.959.589.707.327.509.119.295.545.890.170.201.872.328.638.699.829.867.787.115.045.589.299.578.648.977.007.63
AustriaWE14.814.379.639.747.507.5010.0010.005.005.000.100.131.692.338.678.7910.0010.007.025.795.385.559.089.468.608.746.967.29
BelgiumWE25.144.349.929.957.507.5010.0010.005.005.000.200.243.544.608.878.9310.0010.0010.009.106.416.538.979.418.769.075.697.10
DenmarkWE35.224.319.609.747.507.5010.0010.007.507.500.140.171.361.619.659.6710.0010.008.207.735.466.109.739.699.479.427.588.46
FinlandWE45.564.229.629.817.507.5010.0010.002.507.500.120.141.682.099.589.6510.0010.007.857.417.979.229.679.529.219.3910.009.05
GreeceWE54.985.798.979.087.507.507.505.005.005.000.060.080.740.807.507.779.459.586.385.764.815.539.089.465.986.793.525.98
IcelandWE64.305.289.789.907.507.5010.0010.005.007.500.010.010.841.079.088.9210.0010.006.996.724.024.489.519.729.009.379.499.19
IrelandWE77.596.979.399.737.507.5010.0010.007.507.500.060.103.464.758.248.1710.0010.007.856.644.505.018.699.378.819.276.027.07
LuxemburgWE85.566.259.689.737.507.5010.0010.007.507.50n/an/a3.203.086.066.1110.0010.005.645.881.041.059.4110.0010.009.706.376.99
NetherlandsWE95.054.389.849.897.507.5010.0010.007.505.000.350.362.423.259.559.4710.0010.009.347.675.465.439.219.578.969.417.809.00
NorwayWE115.564.549.8910.005.007.5010.0010.005.005.000.140.150.970.969.299.3310.0010.007.857.416.677.249.789.799.489.688.717.92
PortugalWE105.244.788.779.007.507.507.507.505.005.000.060.121.531.836.436.818.538.827.476.874.414.948.669.356.817.374.226.67
SpainWE115.195.169.419.537.507.507.507.505.005.000.450.520.991.438.018.219.579.648.276.895.436.188.699.186.987.944.365.96
SwedenWE125.534.459.899.987.507.507.5010.005.005.000.300.351.882.269.959.8810.0010.009.3010.005.316.9910.009.779.339.848.448.17
SwitzerlandWE134.434.499.719.777.507.507.5010.005.005.000.230.221.862.409.9810.0010.0010.006.735.663.693.919.659.679.549.658.838.02
Developed OceaniaDO5.664.869.729.777.507.5010.0010.006.257.500.300.340.820.999.379.2710.0010.008.668.267.557.909.319.199.319.488.398.54
AustraliaDO15.755.009.929.957.507.5010.0010.005.007.500.560.620.660.809.439.3210.0010.009.739.618.318.869.369.209.509.718.518.61
New ZealandDO25.564.729.529.607.507.5010.0010.007.507.500.050.070.981.179.309.2210.0010.007.596.906.786.949.259.199.129.248.268.46
East AsiaEA6.934.887.027.243.865.687.055.915.234.550.700.843.704.603.954.328.398.844.314.312.342.886.367.145.176.242.163.70
ChinaEA17.867.275.986.520.000.002.502.502.502.504.555.681.261.442.593.087.147.544.293.590.580.654.726.652.004.520.030.64
HongkongEA25.604.359.129.1310.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.00n/an/a9.939.627.838.268.789.004.804.232.833.039.489.658.529.245.617.73
IndonesiaEA37.075.425.715.840.005.005.002.502.502.500.320.320.981.460.410.697.577.973.272.691.271.233.594.253.043.590.191.39
KoreaEA47.315.308.729.035.005.0010.0010.005.005.000.951.041.672.256.156.709.559.666.786.185.917.518.849.187.928.573.445.52
MalaysiaEA57.624.077.247.425.002.507.505.007.505.000.020.025.596.704.023.917.688.063.785.921.311.257.657.846.167.481.824.22
MongoliaEA66.424.545.265.370.0010.007.505.005.002.500.020.021.30n/a1.722.927.469.823.823.231.692.744.635.452.493.980.000.56
PhilippinesEA75.875.466.816.970.005.005.005.002.502.500.110.101.233.351.341.709.119.275.124.583.293.104.316.063.994.730.381.96
SingaporeEA87.012.968.809.0810.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.000.050.0910.0010.008.288.238.638.804.833.923.824.869.029.348.979.686.937.51
TaiwanEA96.462.96n/an/a7.507.5010.007.507.505.00n/an/a2.753.277.747.89n/an/an/an/an/an/a8.919.787.778.384.258.08
ThailandEA107.454.727.077.105.007.5010.007.505.005.000.070.062.333.282.442.839.149.303.455.282.263.326.056.384.585.031.153.05
VietnamEA117.526.665.465.900.000.000.000.000.000.000.220.21n/an/a0.951.288.828.962.953.530.441.172.763.991.453.470.000.07
South AsiaSA6.025.873.513.791.502.004.503.502.502.500.390.400.951.051.781.872.822.922.572.850.550.512.232.701.642.090.010.60
BangladeshSA15.946.282.202.520.000.002.502.500.000.000.060.060.710.840.961.040.790.600.982.650.600.510.300.72n/a0.860.000.00
IndiaSA26.905.973.804.110.000.005.005.002.502.501.401.420.390.453.223.303.053.193.082.750.730.783.063.511.402.620.010.72
NepalSA35.466.602.322.717.502.502.502.502.502.50n/an/a0.821.081.201.420.460.712.432.690.480.311.131.611.351.780.010.60
PakistanSA45.675.462.642.850.002.507.502.502.502.500.070.090.820.831.511.501.251.431.441.990.370.373.502.952.552.080.000.70
Sri LankaSA56.155.056.596.760.005.005.005.005.005.000.030.041.992.041.992.088.568.694.924.170.560.573.184.721.263.110.000.96
Europe and Central AsiaECA4.466.127.247.323.865.574.664.324.433.410.600.471.462.195.395.499.529.605.584.973.213.677.017.034.676.131.733.79
AlbaniaECA17.316.896.316.632.502.505.002.505.002.50n/an/a1.010.992.412.137.207.622.282.051.271.192.875.631.173.050.170.47
ArmeniaECA26.638.336.526.975.0010.005.005.002.502.500.060.061.101.225.435.539.709.765.315.401.561.317.105.731.863.110.632.41
BelarusECA30.695.797.507.522.505.005.002.505.000.000.360.231.581.226.015.839.939.946.245.154.805.017.476.92n/an/a0.031.75
BulgariaECA45.255.977.537.375.002.505.005.002.502.500.430.142.172.176.716.859.699.765.154.504.474.778.238.014.885.831.154.30
Czech RepublicECA56.325.518.578.5010.007.507.507.5010.005.000.140.132.884.077.487.709.8510.006.625.082.462.877.839.096.747.425.116.51
EstoniaECA65.735.83n/a8.1310.0010.007.507.507.507.500.050.021.774.507.217.849.859.976.986.314.315.268.188.677.158.005.327.15
GeorgiaECA75.155.977.286.875.007.502.502.502.502.50n/an/an/an/a4.574.769.8510.004.984.674.503.796.436.38n/an/a0.171.91
HungaryECA84.775.658.038.272.507.507.507.507.505.000.130.111.754.527.357.479.889.896.565.922.673.767.808.806.237.124.586.24
KazakhstanECA91.4410.007.006.902.502.502.502.500.002.50n/an/a0.211.223.303.179.859.685.615.213.772.546.685.77n/an/a0.192.50
Kyrgyz Rep.ECA102.406.356.386.292.502.502.502.502.502.500.040.030.531.511.841.499.559.515.215.171.343.376.014.75n/an/a0.002.82
LatviaECA113.987.387.297.712.507.505.005.005.005.000.050.020.861.865.836.199.979.975.655.213.065.668.108.123.697.792.965.69
LithuaniaECA125.395.657.587.842.5010.005.005.005.005.000.090.081.131.985.415.689.939.945.595.403.194.547.948.063.406.571.155.56
MoldovaECA133.786.706.356.110.005.005.005.002.502.500.020.011.611.724.944.879.759.845.364.792.873.086.836.291.934.210.021.96
PolandECA146.664.448.018.242.507.505.007.505.005.000.450.541.141.626.766.739.969.956.542.883.974.907.068.035.726.873.225.90
RomaniaECA156.706.347.447.3110.005.002.502.502.502.500.310.331.381.954.675.109.649.715.144.762.032.706.837.264.495.491.153.74
Russia1ECA162.856.207.557.402.502.505.002.507.502.506.785.410.440.666.976.919.919.945.795.084.774.507.266.864.946.011.503.92
SlovakiaECA176.565.418.168.277.507.507.505.007.505.000.110.102.733.527.657.619.8510.006.275.862.282.947.618.396.317.733.225.97
SloveniaECA185.675.288.728.982.502.502.505.005.007.500.060.053.113.457.638.069.949.946.045.993.915.918.319.297.818.725.576.09
TajikistanECA190.006.205.795.560.005.002.502.502.502.500.040.04n/an/a2.492.569.829.895.334.642.312.265.083.35n/an/a0.001.81
TurkeyECA206.720.936.556.777.507.507.505.007.502.500.130.180.891.184.645.167.327.673.664.092.201.547.678.124.655.701.153.45
UkraineECA210.078.107.006.870.005.002.502.502.502.501.781.15n/an/a5.655.479.939.946.195.604.744.667.176.703.774.440.673.08
UzbekistanECA223.955.746.516.530.000.002.502.500.000.000.410.39n/an/a3.643.597.988.286.325.684.064.155.774.43n/an/a0.020.09
Latin AmericaLA5.434.476.636.672.384.635.004.254.133.880.070.060.991.122.733.047.607.753.413.682.182.345.886.464.635.620.883.02
ArgentinaLA13.262.188.378.422.502.507.505.007.505.000.130.240.290.415.615.939.459.504.785.344.275.207.257.475.476.131.825.88
BarbadosLA24.775.809.638.850.002.505.0010.005.007.50n/an/a1.411.456.276.249.619.686.406.383.253.438.508.076.877.010.162.15
BoliviaLA35.874.365.165.347.507.505.002.502.502.500.010.010.750.831.862.147.377.762.392.172.742.754.635.802.494.610.141.27
BrazilLA45.704.596.887.022.502.505.005.002.505.000.630.280.270.494.254.667.507.673.564.951.451.496.277.404.916.381.355.56
ChileLA57.905.238.068.212.507.5010.0010.007.507.500.060.060.840.895.735.889.249.344.555.083.173.736.958.105.976.843.225.33
ColombiaLA66.044.617.087.262.505.005.002.507.505.000.010.010.540.662.112.648.568.723.974.171.742.176.666.634.825.751.153.25
Costa RicaLA76.184.317.968.032.507.505.005.005.005.000.020.021.322.294.164.299.239.302.992.943.473.467.067.007.187.952.663.75
Dom.RepLA84.955.146.256.530.002.502.502.502.502.50n/an/an/an/a0.510.817.267.393.283.852.532.556.056.70n/an/a0.284.74
EcuadorLA95.056.316.596.612.502.505.002.502.502.500.020.001.231.391.542.108.448.643.293.222.011.945.716.004.474.820.601.57
El SalvadorLA106.464.815.996.192.507.505.005.005.007.500.000.020.770.920.000.596.436.652.053.202.132.015.326.42n/a4.720.070.72
GuatemalaLA115.954.864.824.980.005.005.002.502.502.500.010.010.750.891.191.254.815.041.471.740.940.914.515.912.343.870.042.31
HaitiLA125.783.142.392.400.005.000.000.000.000.00n/an/an/an/a0.030.361.792.041.651.480.120.122.332.38n/an/a0.000.00
HondurasLA135.665.085.135.102.505.005.005.002.502.50n/an/a1.281.620.831.425.795.961.901.651.221.434.264.762.353.800.000.49
JamaicaLA144.604.696.866.772.502.505.005.005.005.000.000.002.401.574.774.137.727.934.285.400.870.976.887.733.086.020.882.28
MexicoLA152.133.757.477.655.007.507.505.002.502.500.150.201.682.074.114.448.488.643.954.151.722.036.417.255.546.521.825.51
NicaraguaLA165.735.284.925.050.002.502.502.502.502.500.010.011.512.030.551.695.064.963.092.821.291.314.004.233.513.420.432.01
ParaguayLA175.873.666.846.745.005.005.002.505.002.500.010.011.050.870.760.858.798.952.532.881.131.114.816.694.054.040.002.14
PeruLA187.213.986.766.850.005.005.002.502.502.500.060.060.500.551.571.878.208.434.564.823.063.215.265.624.675.950.492.22
UruguayLA193.782.458.138.215.005.005.007.505.005.000.020.020.570.674.675.269.609.665.465.283.233.847.797.625.297.271.826.52
VenezuelaLA205.625.127.347.232.502.505.002.507.502.500.050.040.560.514.104.328.668.852.112.143.233.126.867.355.676.110.712.82
Middle East and North AfricaMENA5.605.126.186.323.243.246.034.715.744.120.060.061.281.164.184.265.445.864.083.951.842.166.196.434.815.520.872.14
AlgeriaMENA15.564.775.696.050.002.505.002.505.005.00n/an/a0.600.482.402.554.274.944.053.851.351.634.944.302.332.940.010.23
BahrainMENA25.615.748.218.217.505.0010.0010.0010.007.50n/an/a1.601.266.074.987.818.066.505.602.382.868.138.356.657.672.073.93
DjiboutiMENA33.024.632.231.982.502.505.005.002.502.50n/an/an/an/a1.010.003.884.410.531.650.000.013.062.323.493.620.100.60
EgyptMENA45.875.424.765.160.000.002.505.002.502.500.210.250.490.474.374.302.742.905.054.822.284.305.125.742.824.170.150.30
IranMENA55.256.006.096.440.000.000.000.002.500.00n/an/a0.400.492.202.705.656.404.944.541.942.026.096.165.536.550.070.39
IsraelMENA66.673.669.129.267.507.507.507.507.505.000.220.211.842.2010.009.849.269.385.865.344.665.399.029.478.288.536.506.57
JordanMENA76.465.836.336.372.502.507.505.005.005.000.000.001.802.075.045.537.988.433.543.851.802.155.566.803.395.360.072.01
KuwaitMENA84.644.918.087.927.505.0010.007.507.505.000.000.000.991.146.566.486.987.244.023.792.172.128.177.806.847.553.633.55
LebanonMENA96.494.496.766.987.502.505.002.505.002.50n/an/an/an/a3.624.437.517.815.345.343.064.237.057.494.856.210.303.70
MoroccoMENA101.996.924.184.520.000.007.502.505.005.00n/an/a0.811.433.083.481.671.882.352.171.231.015.056.242.423.910.140.72
OmanMENA116.016.446.766.925.005.007.505.007.505.00n/an/a1.211.534.484.804.605.644.353.920.580.876.076.383.935.340.003.57
QatarMENA127.663.068.197.765.007.505.005.002.502.500.000.001.200.875.545.306.907.035.274.693.112.867.938.066.787.890.001.37
Saudi ArabiaMENA134.413.436.887.052.502.5010.005.007.505.00n/an/a0.780.665.205.085.866.423.733.851.782.136.316.716.086.380.022.20
SyriaMENA146.255.505.725.950.000.002.502.507.502.500.000.001.430.651.892.275.526.002.692.301.740.655.765.413.534.250.000.01
TunisiaMENA155.056.395.996.450.000.005.005.007.505.000.010.012.242.263.914.474.755.484.204.271.461.895.505.773.454.840.140.24
UAEMENA166.355.238.047.907.507.5010.007.507.507.50n/an/a2.95n/a5.445.465.976.135.124.631.231.458.439.236.627.841.586.90
YemenMENA177.994.702.102.530.005.002.502.505.002.500.010.000.840.760.270.701.091.511.792.490.451.143.063.02n/a0.860.000.05
AfricaAF5.945.782.672.591.432.144.764.053.333.100.020.060.510.582.112.183.944.301.691.650.390.412.222.922.182.710.231.08
AngolaAF17.805.351.551.310.000.002.502.500.000.00n/an/a0.040.240.010.221.370.600.500.610.050.061.431.481.170.260.000.01
BeninAF25.846.571.281.587.502.505.002.505.002.500.010.010.870.591.462.070.150.530.730.960.270.361.592.930.740.690.020.70
BotswanaAF36.016.535.004.032.505.007.507.505.005.00n/an/a0.060.154.124.155.946.434.064.530.580.374.936.724.095.630.302.62
CameroonAF45.396.343.063.060.000.005.002.502.502.50n/an/a0.230.352.462.655.496.271.440.870.370.561.502.841.552.000.000.28
Cote D'IvoireAF56.703.471.731.710.002.505.002.505.002.50n/an/a0.690.851.531.621.131.641.251.070.700.802.464.280.002.700.001.30
EritreaAF65.256.271.601.60n/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/a0.970.810.270.072.722.980.961.130.090.121.460.82n/a0.780.020.04
EthiopiaAF76.357.520.000.080.000.002.502.502.502.50n/an/a0.030.111.202.230.030.210.440.680.050.090.000.000.000.140.020.01
GhanaAF85.635.743.483.650.002.505.005.002.502.50n/an/a0.941.651.962.434.815.562.001.670.130.131.132.391.311.730.000.13
KenyaAF95.774.403.453.082.502.505.005.002.502.50n/an/a0.260.223.423.256.597.311.351.590.150.142.272.770.782.570.010.75
MadagascarAF104.846.992.132.370.000.002.505.005.005.000.000.000.410.59n/an/a4.394.700.720.610.220.240.001.520.001.230.000.16
MalawiAF1110.005.201.521.262.502.505.005.002.502.50n/an/a0.400.562.232.273.443.680.790.700.050.000.961.043.260.000.000.02
MauritaniaAF125.846.041.761.875.000.002.502.502.502.50n/an/a0.930.720.691.000.980.750.750.740.410.591.131.11n/a3.450.000.42
MauritiusAF135.877.227.027.262.502.507.507.507.505.000.000.001.101.062.591.597.387.574.004.170.670.786.977.875.917.240.004.01
MozambiqueAF145.738.060.080.000.005.002.502.502.502.50n/an/a0.240.270.360.620.851.130.120.160.020.040.911.550.991.830.000.01
NamibiaAF155.796.025.144.652.502.507.507.502.505.00n/an/a0.820.652.902.186.807.204.043.420.900.795.355.424.425.520.164.01
NigeriaAF165.125.742.242.260.000.005.002.502.502.500.010.010.650.952.062.163.514.381.891.540.460.431.130.542.982.870.000.07
SenegalAF176.056.551.471.760.002.507.505.002.502.500.000.001.050.992.982.910.000.000.760.840.350.382.594.343.554.460.021.31
South AfricaAF185.324.926.676.020.002.505.005.007.505.000.130.400.170.535.735.617.517.676.396.291.971.896.557.105.686.524.244.88
TanzaniaAF195.496.001.911.900.000.005.002.502.502.50n/an/a0.000.001.631.965.546.240.000.000.030.050.661.931.861.730.000.42
UgandaAF208.216.031.541.970.005.002.505.002.505.000.000.000.510.691.391.734.324.830.470.620.170.220.002.050.711.630.050.15
ZambiaAF213.406.281.991.795.005.005.005.002.502.50n/an/a0.150.332.181.846.016.581.501.290.260.272.532.063.512.920.160.86
ZimbabweAF224.310.004.093.690.002.505.000.002.502.50n/an/a0.600.443.133.247.748.282.952.750.720.723.183.622.363.780.131.54
KEI
7.096378006
6.8284487747
7.4482250804
8.213832424
6.8849902304
7.6241099484
7.4137037195
4.9176924376
3.2324325217
6.3824157397
4.8249644113
7.7026051851
1.9162162257
2.1876093045
4.7190430004
4.7328815036
3.8210638285
4.2814074396
4.6504604236
3.6332223204
2.098183848
1995
Most Recent
Knowledge Economy Index
UK
Singapore
Oceania
Finland
G7
USA
Germany
W. Europe
Malaysia
EAP
ECA
Russia
Mexico
Korea
LAC
Brazil
MNA
China
SA
India
AFR
EIR
7.5
7.5
8.3333333333
8.3333333333
7.5595238095
8.3333333333
8.3333333333
5.3787878788
1.6666666667
6.6666666667
4.1666666667
10
2.6666666667
2.5
4.4318181818
2.5
4.25
4.1666666667
5
4.0196078431
3.0952380952
1995
Most Recent
Economic Incentive Regime
UK
G7
Germany
USA
Oceania
MNA
ECA
LAC
Brazil
EAP
Mexico
Singapore
W. Europe
Finland
Korea
Malaysia
Russia
AFR
SA
India
China
INN
4.5410425196
4.3194378607
4.1069289788
6.6505701521
3.7372775021
3.9625611506
3.5332645004
3.2500628868
3.4004486137
3.3262539998
3.5425880389
6.107617155
1.1065265484
1.7240106845
2.715652522
4.3288872741
1.4071949769
1.807625015
2.2367956927
1.8273287576
0.9405587294
1995
Most Recent
Innovation
W. Europe
Oceania
Malaysia
Korea
EAP
China
Finland
UK
Germany
Russia
G7
Singapore
USA
MNA
India
Brazil
ECA
Mexico
LAC
SA
AFR
EDU
7.7208768002
7.0076919314
8.7044271221
8.132987852
7.5179373812
8.8771921385
8.7193747278
5.3455037964
3.9251926446
7.7825414638
5.0763087048
5.8574296285
2.0949101847
2.2413407189
6.0802439633
6.5051833018
4.5923441182
4.7035652374
4.9372174087
3.9895717968
2.1184953795
1995
Most Recent
Education
Finland
Oceania
UK
G7
Korea
W.Europe
USA
Germany
Russia
ECA
Singapore
Mexico
Brazil
LAC
EAP
Malaysia
China
MNA
SA
AFR
India
ICT
8.623592704
8.4866653067
8.6482108872
9.7384383584
8.7252222289
9.3233531712
9.0688423164
5.6964151885
3.9374221621
7.7542008285
6.5142942347
8.8453739571
1.7967615032
2.2850858144
5.6484573344
5.5974554385
5.0347162188
6.4477728392
6.4278285929
4.6963808839
2.2384431877
1995
Most Recent
Information Communications Technology
EAP
ECA
Russia
UK
G7
Singapore
W. Europe
Germany
Oceania
Finland
USA
Mexico
Brazil
Malaysia
Korea
LAC
MNA
India
AFR
China
SA
Data for 45
CountriesKnowledge Economy IndexEcon. Incentive RegimeInnovationEducationInformation InfrastructureKnowledge IndexAverage Annual GDP growth (%)Human Development Index
1995most recent1995most recent1995most recent1995most recent1995most recent1995most recent1995most recent1995most recent
G77.207.108.217.504.544.547.887.728.188.626.876.965.044.549.759.80
Germany7.056.838.337.504.234.327.417.018.248.496.636.604.844.629.609.73
UK7.507.459.178.334.124.118.238.708.488.656.947.155.224.919.749.77
USA8.268.218.338.336.666.658.588.139.489.748.248.175.194.449.899.95
Western Europe6.686.887.327.563.563.747.557.528.318.736.476.665.304.959.589.70
Finland7.177.626.678.333.793.968.618.889.629.327.347.395.564.229.629.81
Developed Oceania7.297.417.928.333.503.538.748.729.009.077.087.115.664.869.729.77
East Asia4.444.925.385.382.793.255.015.354.575.704.124.766.934.887.027.24
China2.683.231.671.672.803.404.003.932.253.943.023.757.867.275.986.52
Korea5.936.386.676.672.923.337.417.786.737.755.696.297.315.308.729.03
Malaysia4.844.826.674.173.213.544.265.085.216.514.235.047.624.077.247.42
Singapore7.547.7010.0010.006.116.115.765.868.318.856.736.947.012.968.809.08
South Asia1.791.922.832.671.041.111.982.091.291.801.441.676.025.873.513.79
India1.992.192.502.501.671.722.292.241.492.291.822.086.905.973.804.11
Europe and Central Asia4.344.724.324.432.482.726.106.084.475.654.354.814.466.127.247.32
Russia5.284.735.002.504.734.336.826.514.575.605.375.482.856.207.557.40
Latin America3.323.823.834.251.261.414.404.593.805.033.153.685.434.476.636.67
Brazil3.354.283.334.171.721.814.174.704.186.453.364.325.704.596.887.02
Mexico4.074.655.005.001.982.244.724.944.596.433.764.532.133.757.477.65
Middle East and North Africa3.653.635.004.021.841.833.783.993.964.703.193.505.605.126.186.32
Africa1.902.103.173.100.880.942.012.121.542.241.481.775.945.782.672.59
Composite Indicator
CountriesKnowledge Economy IndexEcon. Incentive RegimeInnovationEducationInformation InfrastructureKnowledge IndexEcon. Incentive RegimeInnovationEducationInformation InfrastructureAverage Annual GDP growth (%)Human Development IndexBar Chart Data
Variables available from 3Variables available from 3Variables available from 3Variables available from 3Knowledge Economy IndexEcon. Incentive RegimeInnovationEducationInformation InfrastructureKnowledge IndexKnowledge Economy IndexEcon. Incentive RegimeInnovationEducationInformation InfrastructureKnowledge Index
chart1995most recent1995most recent1995most recent1995most recent1995most recent1995most recent1995most recent1995most recent1995most recent1995most recent1995most recent1995most recentCountry Namemost recentmost recentmost recentmost recentmost recentmost recent199519951995199519951995
G77.207.108.217.504.544.547.887.728.188.626.876.96333333335.044.549.759.80Armenia4.345.832.275.493.753.843.774.172.205.523.203.64
Canada7.577.538.338.334.034.159.028.798.898.867.327.27333333335.194.5710.009.97Kyrgyz Rep.3.332.501.016.023.783.602.922.500.805.373.003.06
France6.706.567.506.673.833.987.777.477.728.106.446.52333333335.194.839.719.77Russia4.732.504.336.515.605.485.285.004.736.824.575.37
Germany7.056.838.337.504.234.327.417.018.248.496.636.60333333334.844.629.609.73Sweden7.487.504.179.009.267.477.046.674.048.209.267.17
Italy6.206.227.506.673.393.456.946.926.967.835.766.06333333335.254.719.449.53Estonia6.898.334.127.187.946.416.328.333.017.056.885.65
Japan7.146.888.336.675.505.127.237.027.508.706.756.95333333334.773.699.869.85Moldova4.114.172.205.904.154.093.402.502.195.992.923.70
UK7.507.459.178.334.124.118.238.708.488.656.947.15333333335.224.919.749.77
USA8.268.218.338.336.666.658.588.139.489.748.248.17333333335.194.449.899.95chartchartchartchartchartchart
Western Europe6.686.887.327.563.563.747.557.528.318.736.476.66333333335.304.959.589.70=1=2=3=4=5=6
Austria6.676.717.507.503.483.757.477.118.218.506.396.45333333334.814.379.639.74
Belgium7.087.297.507.504.204.598.808.547.808.536.947.22333333335.144.349.929.95
Denmark7.227.328.338.333.723.827.897.958.939.196.846.98333333335.224.319.609.74
Finland7.177.626.678.333.793.968.618.889.629.327.347.39333333335.564.229.629.81
Greece5.635.776.675.832.772.886.886.966.197.415.285.75333333334.985.798.979.08
Iceland6.797.047.508.333.313.337.007.079.339.436.556.61333333334.305.289.789.90
Ireland6.897.118.338.333.924.347.457.227.848.576.406.71333333337.596.979.399.73
Luxemburg6.786.878.338.334.634.605.565.648.598.906.266.38332233335.566.259.689.73
Netherlands7.347.228.337.504.114.368.267.708.669.337.017.13333333335.054.389.849.89
Norway6.917.086.677.503.473.488.178.229.329.136.996.94333333335.564.549.8910.00
Portugal5.686.066.676.672.682.926.806.886.567.805.355.86333333335.244.788.779.00
Spain6.066.336.676.673.153.397.767.576.687.695.866.22333333335.195.169.419.53
Sweden47.047.486.677.504.044.178.209.009.269.267.177.47333333335.534.459.899.98
Switzerland6.716.846.677.504.024.206.806.529.349.116.726.61333333334.434.499.719.77
Developed Oceania7.297.417.928.333.503.538.748.729.009.077.087.11333333335.664.869.729.77
Australia7.387.647.508.333.553.589.359.499.129.177.347.41333333335.755.009.929.95
New Zealand7.197.188.338.333.443.498.127.958.888.976.826.80333333335.564.729.529.60
East Asia4.444.925.385.382.793.255.015.354.575.704.124.76333333336.934.887.027.24
China2.683.231.671.672.803.404.003.932.253.943.023.75333333337.867.275.986.52
Hongkong8.058.3110.0010.008.888.945.475.427.878.877.417.74332233335.604.359.129.13
Indonesia2.352.802.503.330.570.824.043.962.273.082.292.62333333337.075.425.715.84
Korea5.936.386.676.672.923.337.417.786.737.755.696.29333333337.315.308.729.03
Malaysia4.844.826.674.173.213.544.265.085.216.514.235.04333333337.624.077.247.42
Mongolia2.973.974.175.831.011.474.325.262.373.332.573.35333233336.424.545.265.37
Philippines3.033.952.504.170.891.725.845.652.894.253.213.87333333335.875.466.816.97
Singapore7.547.7010.0010.006.116.115.765.868.318.856.736.94333333337.012.968.809.08
Taiwan6.857.008.336.675.245.58n/an/a6.988.756.117.16332200336.462.96n/an/a
Thailand4.294.886.676.671.612.064.955.973.934.823.504.28333333337.454.727.077.10
Vietnam1.521.950.000.000.590.744.074.551.402.512.022.60332233337.526.665.465.90
South Asia1.791.922.832.671.041.111.982.091.291.801.441.67333333336.025.873.513.79
Bangladesh0.590.820.830.830.580.650.791.260.150.530.510.81333333235.946.282.202.52
India1.992.192.502.501.671.722.292.241.492.291.822.08333333336.905.973.804.11
Nepal1.781.584.172.501.011.251.121.240.831.330.991.27332233335.466.602.322.71
Pakistan1.791.623.332.500.800.811.021.262.021.911.281.33333333335.675.462.642.85
Sri Lanka2.713.453.335.001.341.394.684.481.482.932.502.93333333336.155.056.596.76
Europe and Central Asia4.344.724.324.432.482.726.106.084.475.654.354.81333333334.466.127.247.32
Albania2.722.684.172.501.711.563.583.621.403.052.232.74332233337.316.896.316.63
Armenia13.774.344.175.832.202.275.525.493.203.753.643.84333333336.638.336.526.97
Belarus4.393.994.172.502.652.436.996.703.754.344.464.49333333220.695.797.507.52
Bulgaria4.614.694.173.333.103.056.446.344.756.054.765.15333333335.255.977.537.37
Czech Republic6.396.079.176.673.503.976.315.986.567.675.465.88333333336.325.518.578.50
Estonia56.326.898.338.333.014.127.057.186.887.945.656.41333333335.735.83n/a8.13
Georgia4.414.803.334.174.574.766.446.153.304.144.775.02331133225.155.977.286.87
Hungary5.376.155.836.673.084.036.376.526.217.395.225.98333333334.775.658.038.27
Kazakhstan3.323.661.672.501.762.206.415.813.434.133.874.05332233221.4410.007.006.90
Kyrgyz Rep.22.923.332.502.500.801.015.376.023.003.783.063.60333333222.406.356.386.29
Latvia4.395.674.175.832.252.696.236.954.927.204.465.61333333333.987.387.297.71
Lithuania4.195.654.176.672.212.586.246.634.166.734.205.31333333335.395.657.587.84
Moldova63.404.112.504.172.192.205.995.902.924.153.704.09333333333.786.706.356.11
Poland4.785.624.176.672.782.966.825.915.336.934.985.27333333336.664.448.018.24
Romania4.224.255.003.332.122.465.615.724.165.503.964.56333333336.706.347.447.31
Russia35.284.735.002.504.734.336.826.514.575.605.375.48333333332.856.207.557.40
Slovakia5.715.807.505.833.503.746.136.275.717.365.115.79333333336.565.418.168.27
Slovenia5.206.043.335.003.603.856.637.287.238.035.826.39333333335.675.288.728.98
Tajikistan2.823.201.673.331.271.305.825.602.542.583.213.16332233220.006.205.795.56
Turkey4.574.347.505.001.892.174.394.434.495.763.594.12333333336.720.936.556.77
Ukraine4.054.531.673.333.723.316.956.733.874.744.854.93332233330.078.107.006.87
Uzbekistan2.972.780.830.832.031.996.126.042.902.263.683.43332233223.955.746.516.53
Latin America3.323.823.834.251.261.414.404.593.805.033.153.68333333335.434.476.636.67
Argentina4.714.885.834.172.012.196.166.684.846.494.345.12333333333.262.188.378.42
Barbados4.695.693.336.673.843.846.426.495.185.745.155.36332233334.775.809.638.85
Bolivia3.123.325.004.170.870.994.174.232.423.902.493.04333333335.874.365.165.34
Brazil3.354.283.334.171.721.814.174.704.186.453.364.32333333335.704.596.887.02
Chile4.985.856.678.332.212.285.656.055.386.764.415.03333333337.905.238.068.21
Colombia3.713.885.004.170.891.104.765.024.215.213.283.78333333336.044.617.087.26
Costa Rica4.224.884.175.831.832.205.235.245.636.234.234.56333333336.184.317.968.03
Dom.Rep2.423.411.672.500.510.814.364.603.165.722.683.71331133224.955.146.256.53
Ecuador3.113.103.332.500.931.164.584.603.604.133.043.30333333335.056.316.596.61
El Salvador2.663.774.176.670.260.513.543.952.703.952.162.80333333236.464.815.996.19
Guatemala1.962.662.503.330.650.722.412.572.304.031.792.44333333335.954.864.824.98
Haiti0.601.110.001.670.030.361.181.211.171.190.790.92331133225.783.142.392.40
Honduras2.392.933.334.171.061.522.973.012.203.022.082.52332233335.665.085.135.10
Jamaica3.614.054.174.172.391.904.294.773.615.343.434.00333333334.604.696.866.77
Mexico4.074.655.005.001.982.244.724.944.596.433.764.53333333332.133.757.477.65
Nicaragua2.042.501.672.500.691.243.143.032.653.222.162.50333333335.735.284.925.05
Paraguay3.183.135.003.330.610.584.154.312.964.292.573.06333333335.873.666.846.74
Peru2.993.562.503.330.710.835.275.493.474.603.153.64333333337.213.986.766.85
Uruguay4.455.305.005.831.751.986.106.264.977.134.275.13333333333.782.458.138.21
Venezuela3.913.565.002.501.571.634.674.704.415.433.553.92333333335.625.127.347.23
Middle East and North Africa3.653.635.004.021.841.833.783.993.964.703.193.50333333335.605.126.186.32
Algeria2.622.703.333.331.501.513.223.472.432.492.382.49332233335.564.775.696.05
Bahrain6.055.699.177.503.843.125.565.505.626.655.015.09332233335.615.748.218.21
Djibouti2.011.883.333.331.010.001.472.022.222.181.571.40331133333.024.632.231.98
Egypt2.352.901.672.501.691.683.354.012.703.402.583.03333333335.875.424.765.16
Iran2.552.570.830.001.301.604.184.323.904.363.123.43332233335.256.006.096.44
Israel6.516.417.506.674.024.086.596.707.938.196.186.33333333336.673.669.129.26
Jordan3.684.065.004.172.282.534.444.813.014.723.244.02333333336.465.836.336.37
Kuwait5.364.778.335.832.522.544.394.396.216.304.374.41333333334.644.918.087.92
Lebanon4.714.635.832.503.624.435.305.794.075.804.335.34331133336.494.496.766.98
Morocco2.602.574.172.501.952.461.751.692.543.622.082.59332233331.996.924.184.52
Oman4.014.186.675.002.853.173.183.483.345.103.123.91332233336.016.446.766.92
Qatar4.104.424.175.002.252.065.104.864.915.784.084.23333333337.663.068.197.76
Saudi Arabia4.404.076.674.172.992.873.794.134.145.103.644.03332233334.413.436.887.05
Syria2.712.213.331.671.110.983.322.983.103.222.512.39333333336.255.505.725.95
Tunisia3.183.274.173.332.052.253.473.883.033.622.853.25333333335.056.395.996.45
UAE5.546.258.337.504.195.464.114.075.547.994.615.84332133336.355.238.047.90
Yemen1.381.712.503.330.370.491.111.711.531.311.001.17333333237.994.702.102.53
Africa1.902.103.173.100.880.942.012.121.542.241.481.77333333335.945.782.672.59
Angola0.590.520.830.830.030.230.640.430.870.590.510.41332233337.805.351.551.31
Benin1.941.365.832.500.780.890.380.620.781.440.650.98333333335.846.571.281.58
Botswana3.434.195.005.832.092.153.533.783.114.992.913.64332233336.016.535.004.03
Cameroon1.821.862.501.671.341.502.432.571.021.711.601.92332233335.396.343.063.06
Cote D'Ivoire1.571.923.332.501.111.241.031.170.822.760.991.72332233336.703.471.731.71
Eritrea0.870.80n/an/a0.620.441.261.410.740.550.870.80002233235.256.271.601.60
Ethiopia0.620.801.671.670.621.170.170.330.010.050.270.52332233336.357.520.000.08
Ghana1.772.312.503.331.452.042.312.450.821.421.531.97332233335.635.743.483.65
Kenya2.222.533.333.331.841.732.703.011.022.031.852.26332233335.774.403.453.08
Madagascar1.121.612.503.330.210.291.781.850.000.970.661.04332233334.846.992.132.37
Malawi1.871.643.333.331.311.421.421.461.410.351.381.083322333310.005.201.521.26
Mauritania1.361.223.331.670.810.860.710.690.571.660.701.07332233235.846.041.761.87
Mauritius3.844.115.835.001.230.884.024.174.296.373.183.81333333335.877.227.027.26
Mozambique0.731.341.673.330.300.440.330.440.641.130.420.67332233335.738.060.080.00
Namibia3.313.804.175.001.861.413.913.803.314.983.033.40332233335.796.025.144.65
Nigeria1.681.502.501.670.911.041.962.111.371.161.411.44333333335.125.742.242.26
Senegal1.782.103.333.331.341.300.370.412.053.371.261.69333333336.056.551.471.76
South Africa4.244.454.174.172.012.185.295.285.496.174.264.54333333335.324.926.676.02
Tanzania1.501.532.501.670.820.981.852.100.841.361.171.48332233335.496.001.911.90
Uganda1.052.241.675.000.630.811.651.890.251.280.851.33333333338.216.031.541.97
Zambia2.502.484.174.171.171.082.592.722.071.951.941.92332233333.406.281.991.79
Zimbabwe2.512.602.501.671.871.843.803.921.892.982.522.91332233334.310.004.093.69
KAM 2002 Scorecard
Russia
Scorecard
=1
Russia1995Most Recent Data
GDP growth (%)2.85027472536.2037037037
Human Development Index7.54807692317.4032258065
Tariff & nontariff barriers2.52.5
Property Rights52.5
Regulation7.52.5
Researchers in R&D6.77987661945.4127819719
Manuf. Trade as % of GDP0.43976112730.6636295473
[ln] Scientific and technical journal articles per million people6.96697489726.9102503031
Adult literacy rate (% age 15 and above)9.91071428579.9351701783
Secondary Enrollment5.79056303285.0809061489
Tertiary enrollment4.77049554694.4994735783
[ln] Telephone per 1000 (mainlines + mobile)7.26018559826.8576854834
[ln] Computers per 1,000 persons4.93508421026.0120450648
[ln] Internet hosts per 10,000 people1.50257281643.9226357673
KAM 2002 Scorecard
6.2037037037
7.4032258065
2.5
2.5
2.5
5.4127819719
0.6636295473
6.9102503031
9.9351701783
5.0809061489
4.4994735783
6.8576854834
6.0120450648
3.9226357673
Most Recent Data
Time Capture Scorecard
Russia
Scorecard
=1
Russia1995Most Recent Data
GDP growth (%)2.85027472536.2037037037
Human Development Index7.54807692317.4032258065
Tariff & nontariff barriers2.52.5
Property Rights52.5
Regulation7.52.5
Researchers in R&D6.77987661945.4127819719
Manuf. Trade as % of GDP0.43976112730.6636295473
[ln] Scientific and technical journal articles per million people6.96697489726.9102503031
Adult literacy rate (% age 15 and above)9.91071428579.9351701783
Secondary Enrollment5.79056303285.0809061489
Tertiary enrollment4.77049554694.4994735783
[ln] Telephone per 1000 (mainlines + mobile)7.26018559826.8576854834
[ln] Computers per 1,000 persons4.93508421026.0120450648
[ln] Internet hosts per 10,000 people1.50257281643.9226357673
Time Capture Scorecard
2.85027472536.2037037037
7.54807692317.4032258065
2.52.5
52.5
7.52.5
6.77987661945.4127819719
0.43976112730.6636295473
6.96697489726.9102503031
9.91071428579.9351701783
5.79056303285.0809061489
4.77049554694.4994735783
7.26018559826.8576854834
4.93508421026.0120450648
1.50257281643.9226357673
1995
Most Recent Data
Bar Chart
Bar Chart
4.3365106793.7709351563
3.32872785282.9184666218
4.73288150365.2796856778
7.48043371927.0428280868
6.892832136.3178462925
4.10541697753.4014054737
most recent
1995
Knowledge Economy Index
Country Bar Chart
3.83756979423.6390246528
3.60497047043.0579554957
5.47717533815.3729142371
7.47391162567.1682152269
6.41266506225.646017279
4.08500041443.7018739649
most recent
1995
Knowledge Index
Diamond Chart
ArmeniaKyrgyz Rep.
RussiaSweden
EstoniaMoldova
Diamond Chart
4.3365106793.7709351563
5.83333333334.1666666667
2.26997440892.1963458428
5.49212573155.5248859906
3.75060924223.195842125
3.83756979423.6390246528
most recent
1995
Regional Bar Chart
3.32872785282.9184666218
2.52.5
1.01046445580.8043330254
6.02026848355.365174989
3.78417847193.0043584726
3.60497047043.0579554957
most recent
1995
Data for Regional Bar Chart
4.73288150365.2796856778
2.55
4.32888727414.7288708813
6.50518330186.8239242885
5.59745543854.5659475416
5.47717533815.3729142371
most recent
1995
7.48043371927.0428280868
7.56.6666666667
4.16528613954.0446469424
8.99787980178.2034561685
9.25856893579.2565425698
7.47391162567.1682152269
most recent
1995
6.892832136.3178462925
8.33333333338.3333333333
4.11960679553.0093535184
7.17829858747.0468674133
7.94008980366.8818309051
6.41266506225.646017279
most recent
1995
4.10541697753.4014054737
4.16666666672.5
2.20045005432.189749619
5.90141717525.9917670612
4.15313401372.9241052145
4.08500041443.7018739649
most recent
1995
ArmeniaKyrgyz Rep.
RussiaSweden
EstoniaMoldova
5.83333333334.1666666667
2.26997440892.1963458428
5.49212573155.5248859906
3.75060924223.195842125
most recent
1995
2.52.5
1.01046445580.8043330254
6.02026848355.365174989
3.78417847193.0043584726
most recent
1995
2.55
4.32888727414.7288708813
6.50518330186.8239242885
5.59745543854.5659475416
most recent
1995
7.56.6666666667
4.16528613954.0446469424
8.99787980178.2034561685
9.25856893579.2565425698
most recent
1995
8.33333333338.3333333333
4.11960679553.0093535184
7.17829858747.0468674133
7.94008980366.8818309051
most recent
1995
4.16666666672.5
2.20045005432.189749619
5.90141717525.9917670612
4.15313401372.9241052145
most recent
1995
6.19766911146.1945452277
6.70633632286.5405377034
7.055618736.8127799461
7.14332417516.8607036363
7.50092336827.4282220712
7.57258354557.5305734495
8.26684048978.2350762442
1995
most recent
Knowledge Economy Index - G7
5.62716207225.7435565701
5.68258700966.0498611646
6.064562556.32244854
6.66987036756.7018411027
6.65232272226.8163241972
6.59805749596.8260847998
6.89315241216.9087469093
6.78820843157.0175484
6.90925316247.0564044264
7.34322765537.2113059497
7.08422840197.2836195475
7.21865248317.302854009
7.04497720647.4616100136
7.17514710537.6101192541
1995
most recent
Knowledge Economy Index - Western Europe
5.76355881526.0371714147
6.44178176386.4984947157
6.62971386226.5837065949
6.74665445566.9253826262
6.94567560217.1265183172
7.31900028297.2629868216
8.24467620858.2023238811
1995
most recent
Knowledge Index - G7
5.28066054075.7136309823
5.35456045725.8442593306
5.86386117786.2077091644
6.01963221686.323668622
6.4130921056.4338847679
6.393160496.4357881369
6.55094457536.5789534223
6.64754140746.588432263
6.99011532776.9085392352
6.84709219976.9593609009
7.01319242927.1150745995
6.94563786927.21149273
7.34464058497.3690478943
7.17108071967.4488133515
1995
most recent
Knowledge Index - Western Europe
7.19640283737.1556652061
7.3820036957.4930507194
1995
most recent
Knowledge Economy Index - Developed Oceania
6.81742600536.7631091637
7.34267159347.2129565148
1995
most recent
Knowledge Index - Developed Oceania
1.54955800051.9539123976
2.34113045372.8688594268
2.6826031313.2670524967
3.01057647313.990513121
2.977059534.0571218875
4.85278263524.8392220645
4.30079074754.9202643242
6.85041323346.1505651007
5.94289458046.342373885
7.56451714797.6701664623
8.07727146848.3177722868
1995
most recent
Knowledge Economy Index - East Asia
2.0660773342.6052165301
2.28817393832.7140347912
2.58052381783.4650514056
3.02124861913.8005144401
3.18076863083.9317952725
3.51216544114.33813021
4.24815462475.0634071971
6.10895318345.8925143177
5.70163721836.2342762912
6.75268953056.8935552831
7.43636195797.7570297157
1995
most recent
Knowledge Index - East Asia
0.59170997241.0160827775
1.79171526521.7076972045
1.79933389551.7431031131
1.98702842952.2936666806
2.71414844763.5314444805
1995
most recent
Knowledge Economy Index - South Asia
0.51116885211.0769992589
1.0000647981.4435962727
1.28800074951.4908041509
1.8160379062.2248889075
2.50775348563.041925974
1995
most recent
Knowledge Index - South Asia
2.98839468322.6776468507
2.84927400912.6882056439
2.74687288912.7238369717
2.92060528613.0690546092
3.29064107823.4181805677
4.37977339663.6514377201
4.57263377714.1420486922
3.40164090874.1549689372
4.22507286754.2621110687
3.93323878534.4049218444
4.44959248924.4999337279
4.07333834244.5954259555
4.6137581654.7098216203
5.256309664.9273324173
4.19297413415.661591591
4.39000250635.6744088436
4.67935056815.7020679737
5.71234363835.8066178197
5.20559519776.0305706713
6.39053710296.0731024502
5.37429575086.1596543869
6.27669353676.9065496362
1995
most recent
Knowledge Economy Index - Europe and Central Asia
3.24347645662.4731630807
2.27360829662.7984492956
3.06080704823.2587394789
3.70674846653.2924180231
3.83196588213.724240757
3.59684503623.856064923
3.85542949153.9287846814
4.45080897324.0352502935
3.70218787834.151069694
3.96676382334.5717036471
4.82167887464.6110227483
4.87556223435.0161234962
4.76278866445.1686510492
4.20174328995.3265665658
4.85024520195.380535076
4.46444778625.6214340137
5.34174621335.736443223
5.11645818455.7977126484
5.46516058165.8752477114
5.22128322325.9906502936
5.82968248586.3740942284
5.59114693786.4309550705
1995
most recent
Knowledge Index - Europe and Central Asia
0.6652104731.1005190787
1.97327768752.7107123303
2.45577543912.9407116291
1.9354873692.96350928
3.06154262782.9798037065
2.38040682932.9814435876
3.04540890393.1587464398
3.91981581843.58146758
2.95983282533.6013725706
3.38810912783.6135223644
3.72378909213.9112845904
3.6189298284.0590088143
2.66237117424.0718155758
3.35368441574.2981922596
4.08028748354.7707256392
4.80555318134.8513731935
4.02081203994.9012399939
4.69750453055.0563136606
4.46869195045.3168206475
4.98155470995.8624597192
1995
most recent
Knowledge Economy Index - Latin America
0.88694729740.9118032161
1.79770358342.5031719959
2.06276466132.5863692279
2.71881169653.0876155054
2.39387853853.1005508086
2.02509426983.1180123734
2.97094572593.1397382753
2.16093934333.2068652121
2.85081217033.4291409303
3.11311043373.690718983
3.29838545613.8261572316
3.55975442453.9419567733
3.43635088174.0231228634
3.36046810984.3420341239
5.15222826294.5195293253
3.9721938314.5905422141
3.77371664474.6943008523
4.41985072435.0388351811
4.46295979735.0796087024
4.29158926725.1446497522
1995
most recent
Knowledge Index - Latin America
1.40450975841.8593472375
2.72298622552.3801344162
2.59184474682.5876749032
2.55692166362.6228324045
2.06962642862.6680091622
2.62547629442.7570025007
2.3390177582.9288522757
3.14719708363.3281071548
4.11108692734.0076132092
4.39660432074.0655699224
3.67848777174.1434063155
4.00872148414.2085820669
4.7600452784.6541701657
5.3785591774.7715034762
6.04915114335.1793523447
5.55237185266.2483680216
6.50817665426.4046285987
1995
most recent
Knowledge Economy Index - Middle East and North Africa
1.03934634451.3680185388
1.64839079372.3353470766
2.3895239482.5648922232
2.06690410682.6168998709
2.51953718962.6179569994
2.56313478853.0718030342
2.80737388923.3263650953
3.1314511073.4971098727
4.09256034753.6768176123
3.12273975663.9447760892
3.6399168724.0318710076
3.23798369564.1356528651
5.00997930224.4058031262
4.39363445824.4175601904
4.40228259295.3722268876
4.62538469235.8311573621
6.17756887236.317282576
1995
most recent
Knowledge Index - Middle East and North Africa
0.62030463340.7122186292
0.84329250831.2505749348
0.82289569851.2987336967
1.36404561671.4673756431
1.94782524151.5174354893
0.80724316071.5270129602
1.69058833681.6604424734
1.43223480811.7207160065
1.08934933261.7648912353
1.5775992841.8681997432
1.71185708281.9100989389
1.85344007911.9611033077
1.78327988752.1817520743
1.05099102212.3927818509
1.77553111532.4312750435
2.32917631872.7054308364
2.62931597072.7923913288
2.6209595772.8000139154
3.97629131294.2276362226
4.30374518584.5242923321
3.98675172234.6689668653
3.63028596624.7194597794
1995
most recent
Knowledge Economy Index - Africa
0.54929506680.6718470611
0.52076865870.9249061691
0.54163870911.1760893734
0.65265587751.1899139858
0.61913244351.2420772027
0.84329250831.2505749348
0.70761637781.4009453019
1.17136499931.4356874741
0.84576580731.5237091345
0.99235460091.6575996576
1.42078444911.6583677423
1.07631307741.7387324531
1.26659540551.7978916546
1.63792010552.0592488548
1.53404148712.1305889469
2.10572388052.3444629983
1.99445731382.4961300041
2.67242129433.1676328828
3.35727730613.9701816302
3.64900229654.2808447093
3.45149239944.5791896691
4.34943802554.6435008873
1995
most recent
Knowledge Economy Index - Africa
CountriesKnowledge Economy IndexCountriesKnowledge Index
1995most recent1995most recent
Italy6.206.19Italy5.766.04
France6.716.54France6.446.50
Germany7.066.81Germany6.636.58
Japan7.146.86Japan6.756.93
UK7.507.43UK6.957.13
Canada7.577.53Canada7.327.26
USA8.278.24USA8.248.20
Greece5.635.74Greece5.285.71
Portugal5.686.05Portugal5.355.84
Spain6.066.32Spain5.866.21
Austria6.676.70Luxemburg6.026.32
Switzerland6.656.82Ireland6.416.43
Luxemburg6.606.83Austria6.396.44
Ireland6.896.91Iceland6.556.58
Iceland6.797.02Switzerland6.656.59
Norway6.917.06Norway6.996.91
Netherlands7.347.21Denmark6.856.96
Belgium7.087.28Netherlands7.017.12
Denmark7.227.30Belgium6.957.21
Sweden7.047.46Finland7.347.37
Finland7.187.61Sweden7.177.45
New Zealand7.207.16New Zealand6.826.76
Australia7.387.49Australia7.347.21
Vietnam1.551.95Vietnam2.072.61
Indonesia2.342.87Indonesia2.292.71
China2.683.27Mongolia2.583.47
Philippines3.013.99China3.023.80
Mongolia2.984.06Philippines3.183.93
Malaysia4.854.84Thailand3.514.34
Thailand4.304.92Malaysia4.255.06
Taiwan6.856.15Taiwan6.115.89
Korea5.946.34Korea5.706.23
Singapore7.567.67Singapore6.756.89
Hongkong8.088.32Hongkong7.447.76
Bangladesh0.591.02Bangladesh0.511.08
Nepal1.791.71Nepal1.001.44
Pakistan1.801.74Pakistan1.291.49
India1.992.29India1.822.22
Sri Lanka2.713.53Sri Lanka2.513.04
Uzbekistan2.992.68Tajikistan3.242.47
Tajikistan2.852.69Albania2.272.80
Albania2.752.72Kyrgyz Rep.3.063.26
Kyrgyz Rep.2.923.07Uzbekistan3.713.29
Kazakhstan3.293.42Kazakhstan3.833.72
Belarus4.383.65Turkey3.603.86
Turkey4.574.14Armenia3.863.93
Moldova3.404.15Belarus4.454.04
Romania4.234.26Moldova3.704.15
Armenia3.934.40Romania3.974.57
Georgia4.454.50Georgia4.824.61
Ukraine4.074.60Ukraine4.885.02
Bulgaria4.614.71Bulgaria4.765.17
Russia5.264.93Lithuania4.205.33
Lithuania4.195.66Poland4.855.38
Latvia4.395.67Latvia4.465.62
Poland4.685.70Russia5.345.74
Slovakia5.715.81Slovakia5.125.80
Slovenia5.216.03Czech Republic5.475.88
Czech Republic6.396.07Hungary5.225.99
Hungary5.376.16Slovenia5.836.37
Estonia6.286.91Estonia5.596.43
Haiti0.671.10Haiti0.890.91
Guatemala1.972.71Guatemala1.802.50
Dom.Rep2.462.94Honduras2.062.59
Nicaragua1.942.96Dom.Rep2.723.09
Ecuador3.062.98Paraguay2.393.10
Honduras2.382.98Nicaragua2.033.12
Paraguay3.053.16Ecuador2.973.14
Venezuela3.923.58El Salvador2.163.21
Peru2.963.60Bolivia2.853.43
Bolivia3.393.61Peru3.113.69
Colombia3.723.91Colombia3.303.83
Jamaica3.624.06Venezuela3.563.94
El Salvador2.664.07Jamaica3.444.02
Brazil3.354.30Brazil3.364.34
Mexico4.084.77Barbados5.154.52
Argentina4.814.85Costa Rica3.974.59
Costa Rica4.024.90Mexico3.774.69
Barbados4.705.06Chile4.425.04
Uruguay4.475.32Argentina4.465.08
Chile4.985.86Uruguay4.295.14
Yemen1.401.86Yemen1.041.37
Syria2.722.38Djibouti1.652.34
Morocco2.592.59Algeria2.392.56
Iran2.562.62Morocco2.072.62
Djibouti2.072.67Syria2.522.62
Algeria2.632.76Egypt2.563.07
Egypt2.342.93Tunisia2.813.33
Tunisia3.153.33Iran3.133.50
Qatar4.114.01Qatar4.093.68
Saudi Arabia4.404.07Oman3.123.94
Jordan3.684.14Saudi Arabia3.644.03
Oman4.014.21Jordan3.244.14
Lebanon4.764.65Bahrain5.014.41
Kuwait5.384.77Kuwait4.394.42
Bahrain6.055.18Lebanon4.405.37
UAE5.556.25UAE4.635.83
Israel6.516.40Israel6.186.32
Angola0.620.71Angola0.550.67
Eritrea0.841.25Mozambique0.520.92
Ethiopia0.821.30Ethiopia0.541.18
Mauritania1.361.47Benin0.651.19
Benin1.951.52Madagascar0.621.24
Mozambique0.811.53Eritrea0.841.25
Nigeria1.691.66Mauritania0.711.40
Tanzania1.431.72Malawi1.171.44
Madagascar1.091.76Uganda0.851.52
Cote D'Ivoire1.581.87Cote D'Ivoire0.991.66
Malawi1.711.91Nigeria1.421.66
Cameroon1.851.96Tanzania1.081.74
Senegal1.782.18Senegal1.271.80
Uganda1.052.39Cameroon1.642.06
Ghana1.782.43Ghana1.532.13
Kenya2.332.71Zambia2.112.34
Zimbabwe2.632.79Kenya1.992.50
Zambia2.622.80Zimbabwe2.673.17
Mauritius3.984.23Mauritius3.363.97
South Africa4.304.52Botswana3.654.28
Botswana3.994.67Namibia3.454.58
Namibia3.634.72South Africa4.354.64
Thailands Growth experienceBosworths paper is a good summary..