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  • 1. Caching

2. The Processor-MemoryPerformance Gap 3. The Memory Problem 4. Program Locality 5. Typical Memory Hierarchy:Everything is a Cache forSomething Else 6. Caches 7. Cache Organization & Access 8. Cache Operation 9. What About Writes? 10. Cache Write Policies: MajorOptions 11. Write Policy Trade-offs 12. Write Miss Policies 13. Cache Performance 14. Understanding Cache Misses: The3 Cs 15. Block size 16. Conflict misses 17. Fully Associative Cache 18. Set-associative caches 19. Replacement Policies 20. Tuning Basic Cache Parameters:Size, Associativity, Block size 21. Within a Multi-core Processor 22. Multi-level Caches 23. 2-level Cache PerformanceEquations 24. Multi-level Inclusion 25. Victim Caches 26. Pseudo-Associative Caches 27. Pseudo-Associative Cache 28. Skew-Associative Caches 29. Critical Word First 30. Non-blocking or Lockup FreeCaches 31. Potential of Non-blockingCaches 32. Miss Status Handling Register 33. MSHR 34. Non-block Caches: Operation 35. Prefetching 36. Software Prefetching 37. Hardware Prefetching 38. Simple Sequential Prefetching 39. Stream Prefetching 40. Strided Prefetching 41. Other Ideas in Prefetching 42. Multi-ported Caches 43. True Multi-porting 44. Multi-banked Caches 45. Sun UltraSPARCT28-bank L2cache