Learning Outcomes ALL – Show your understanding of the 2 different types of muscular contraction SOME – Apply your knowledge of muscles & movement into.

Learning Outcomes

ALL – Show your understanding of the 2 different types of muscular contraction

SOME – Apply your knowledge of muscles & movement into a table without using the

book

Can you remember the 3 muscle types?

1. They work constantly2. They make up the majority of muscles in the

body3. They are under our conscious control4. They are found in the walls of the heart5. These are muscles you cannot control6. Are found in the walls of the intestines & blood

vessels7. They are also known as skeletal

Answers

1. Cardiac 2. Skeletal/voluntary3. Voluntary4. Cardiac5. Cardiac & Involuntary6. Involuntary7. Voluntary

Separate categories relating to specific movements

FLEXORS EXTENSORSmuscles that bend work against the

the limb at a joint flexors & straightenby contracting a limb by contracting

ADDUCTORS ABDUCTORSthe muscles that move move a limb awaya limb towards the body from the body

When muscles contract they do so in two ways:

Isotonic contractions occur when movement is created.

Concentric – This is when the muscle shortens

Eccentric – When the muscle gradually lengthens and returns to normal length and shape

Fast-paced games require isotonic contractions.

Isometric contractionsIsometric contractions do not create movement – they are working to keep the joint stable. The muscle neither shortens nor lengthens.

This type of contraction occurs in several situations:

To support a weight in a stationary position.

To hold the body in a particular position (e.g., in gymnastics).

Isometric contractions occur in a rugby scrum

© E

MP

ICS

Ltd

Muscle Pair/Group

Movement they allow

Sporting Example

Biceps & Triceps

Kicking a football

Abdominals & Latissimus dorsi

Adduction & Abduction of the arms

Flexing & extending the foot at the ankle joint

Take off phase of any type of jump

MUSCLES WORK IN PAIRS OR GROUPS – THEY PULL BUT NEVER PUSH

Using this fact try & fill in the table relating to muscles & their movement – without the book first

Muscle Pair/Group

Movement they allow

Sporting Example

Biceps & Triceps

Flexion & extension at the elbow

Throwing Movement such as javelin or a ball or a smash in volleyball

Hamstrings & Quadriceps

Flexion & extension at the knee

Kicking a football and running movements

Abdominals & Latissimus Dorsi

Movement around stomach & waist (bending/twisting) they also help keep body upright & straight

Used in specific exercises such as sit-ups. Also to keep body straight in movement

Pectorals & Deltoids

Adduction & Abduction of the arms

Shot Putt, Swimming strokes, Tennis drive

Gastrocnemius / muscle in front of the leg (don’t need to know name)

Flexing & extending the foot at the ankle joint

Take off phase of any type of jump

Homework

• Revise the muscle pairs/groups and find 2 pictures of sporting examples that show the movement involved & describe the movement taking place using KEY TERMS

Email these pictures to Mrs Gregory before next lesson