Continuous Improvement and Professional Development presents Continuous Improvement Process (CIM) & Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) Part I: The Brazosport Journey – Process Overview
Dec 31, 2015
Region Center IIIContinuous Improvement and
Professional Developmentpresents
Continuous Improvement Process (CIM)
& Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA)
Part I: The Brazosport Journey – Process Overview
Region Center IIIContinuous Improvement and
Professional Developmentpresents
Continuous Improvement Process (CIM)
& Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA)
Part I: The Brazosport Journey – Process Overview
Learning OutcomesLearning Outcomes
The participants will: Increase their level of awareness
with regard to the CIM/PDSA Model Identify various district resources available to schools in support of implementing the CIM/PDSA Model
The participants will: Increase their level of awareness
with regard to the CIM/PDSA Model Identify various district resources available to schools in support of implementing the CIM/PDSA Model
What is the 8 Step Instructional Process?
What is the 8 Step Instructional Process?
A continuous improvement teaching and
learning cycle.
A continuous improvement teaching and
learning cycle.
8-STEP CONTINUOUS IMPROVEMENT MODEL8-STEP CONTINUOUS
IMPROVEMENT MODEL
Disaggregate Test DataDevelop an Instructional TimelineDeliver the InstructionAdminister Frequent AssessmentsTutorialsEnrichment OpportunitiesMaintenanceMonitor
Disaggregate Test DataDevelop an Instructional TimelineDeliver the InstructionAdminister Frequent AssessmentsTutorialsEnrichment OpportunitiesMaintenanceMonitor
USE OF THE 8-STEP PROCESS ALONE DOES NOT GUARANTEE
SUCCESS
USE OF THE 8-STEP PROCESS ALONE DOES NOT GUARANTEE
SUCCESS
Need teachers who believe all students can succeed
Proven teaching strategiesA no-nonsense supportive
classroom communityHard work by both teacher and
studentTeamwork- Communication
Need teachers who believe all students can succeed
Proven teaching strategiesA no-nonsense supportive
classroom communityHard work by both teacher and
studentTeamwork- Communication
BENEFITS OF THE 8-STEP INSTRUCTIONAL PROCESSBENEFITS OF THE 8-STEP INSTRUCTIONAL PROCESS
Applicable and adaptable to any curriculum, subject-area, grade level or student group.
Promotes a culture of excellence where teachers can teach and students will learn.
Removes subjectivity and specifically identifies individual students according to data.
Ensures that all state standards are taught before the test.
Neutralizes the blame game.
Applicable and adaptable to any curriculum, subject-area, grade level or student group.
Promotes a culture of excellence where teachers can teach and students will learn.
Removes subjectivity and specifically identifies individual students according to data.
Ensures that all state standards are taught before the test.
Neutralizes the blame game.
Effective Schools and TQM (Total Quality Management)Effective Schools and TQM
(Total Quality Management)
The 8 Step Instructional Process has been integrated with the ideas and philosophies of both Total Quality Management (TQM) and Effective Schools research.
The 8 Step Instructional Process has been integrated with the ideas and philosophies of both Total Quality Management (TQM) and Effective Schools research.
Total Quality Management (TQM)
Total Quality Management (TQM)
At the heart of TQM are management practices designed to improve any organization (state, district, or school ) at any level (classroom or administration).
At the heart of TQM are management practices designed to improve any organization (state, district, or school ) at any level (classroom or administration).
EFFECTIVE SCHOOLS AND TQM
EFFECTIVE SCHOOLS AND TQM
What is Total Quality Management?
A management approach created by Dr. W. Edwards Deming led the effort in the United States to use quality to improve organizations.
Fourteen principles were developed.
What is Total Quality Management?
A management approach created by Dr. W. Edwards Deming led the effort in the United States to use quality to improve organizations.
Fourteen principles were developed.
DEMING’S 14 PRINCIPLES
DEMING’S 14 PRINCIPLES
1. Create constancy of purpose.2. Adopt the new philosophy (the mission for quality).3. Cease reliance on mass inspection.4. End the practice of doing business
on price alone.5. Improve constantly and forever the
system of production and service.
1. Create constancy of purpose.2. Adopt the new philosophy (the mission for quality).3. Cease reliance on mass inspection.4. End the practice of doing business
on price alone.5. Improve constantly and forever the
system of production and service.
and…and…
6. Institute training on the job.7. Drive out fear.8. Institute leadership.9. Break down barriers between staff areas.10. Eliminate slogans and targets for
the workforce.
6. Institute training on the job.7. Drive out fear.8. Institute leadership.9. Break down barriers between staff areas.10. Eliminate slogans and targets for
the workforce.
and…and…
11. Eliminate numerical quotas.12. Remove barriers to pride and
joy of workmanship.13. Institute a vigorous program of education and retraining.14. Take action to accomplish the
transformation.
11. Eliminate numerical quotas.12. Remove barriers to pride and
joy of workmanship.13. Institute a vigorous program of education and retraining.14. Take action to accomplish the
transformation.
TQM’s Plan-Do-Check-ActTQM’s Plan-Do-Check-Act
Deming’s Plan-Do-Check-Act Cycle outlines a critical path that organizations should follow to achieve total quality management (TQM).
PDCA maintains that organizations that use this cycle will constantly define and refine themselves as they meet their customers’ needs and wants.
Deming’s Plan-Do-Check-Act Cycle outlines a critical path that organizations should follow to achieve total quality management (TQM).
PDCA maintains that organizations that use this cycle will constantly define and refine themselves as they meet their customers’ needs and wants.
The Plan-Do-Act CycleThe Plan-Do-Act Cycle
PLAN
DO
CHECK
ACT
Some Characteristics of Effective Schools
Some Characteristics of Effective Schools
Strong instructional leadershipHigh expectations of student
achievementPervasive and broadly understood
instructional focusSafe and orderly school climate
conducive to teaching and learning
Measures of pupil achievement as an indicator of program success
Strong instructional leadershipHigh expectations of student
achievementPervasive and broadly understood
instructional focusSafe and orderly school climate
conducive to teaching and learning
Measures of pupil achievement as an indicator of program success
Background:Background:
These philosophies and ideas were originated principally by Dr. Larry Lezotte, the late Dr. Ron Edmunds, and Wilbury Brookover. Dr. Lezotte combined the effective school philosophy with “total quality” in his book entitled Creating the Total Quality Effective School.
These philosophies and ideas were originated principally by Dr. Larry Lezotte, the late Dr. Ron Edmunds, and Wilbury Brookover. Dr. Lezotte combined the effective school philosophy with “total quality” in his book entitled Creating the Total Quality Effective School.
Step 1: Disaggregate Test Data
Step 1: Disaggregate Test Data
How can you tell if your students are learning what you want them to learn?
How can you tell if your students are learning what you want them to learn?
Step 1: Disaggregate Test Data (continued)
Step 1: Disaggregate Test Data (continued)
Disaggregating data is the critical first step of the instructional process. The term ‘disaggregate” means to break up, to divide, to separate, or to break apart.
Disaggregating data is the critical first step of the instructional process. The term ‘disaggregate” means to break up, to divide, to separate, or to break apart.
Academic GroupingsAcademic Groupings
By disaggregating data, we can use student test score to identify instructional groups – organizing students by their academic performance. This help us match teaching to student need.
By disaggregating data, we can use student test score to identify instructional groups – organizing students by their academic performance. This help us match teaching to student need.
Academic Groupings (continued)
Academic Groupings (continued)
Mastery-Minus Students Pass enough test items to get into the mastery range but fail to master one or more objectives.
System Students Pass enough test items to meet the minimum passing standard but do not reach the mastery level, i.e., students who barely pass the test.
Bubble Students Fail a test but barely missed passing and whose abilities dictate that they should have passed.
Re-teach Students Mastering 40-59% of the material on a test. These are students who have gaps in their learning and need remedial instruction.
Foundation Students Consistently score below 395 and who clearly lack the foundation concepts or skills for approaching the subject area.
Benefits of disaggregating data:
Benefits of disaggregating data:
Measures Student Progress Measures teachers’ progress for
professional development Monitors student learning – deficits and
strengths Helps stakeholders communicate –
students, teachers, administrators, community, etc.
Monitors teaching strategies and adopted programs
Measures Student Progress Measures teachers’ progress for
professional development Monitors student learning – deficits and
strengths Helps stakeholders communicate –
students, teachers, administrators, community, etc.
Monitors teaching strategies and adopted programs
Benefits of disaggregating data:
(continued)
Benefits of disaggregating data:
(continued) Provides information for resource
allocations Provides early intervention – prevents
students from falling through the cracks Promotes ownership and responsibility
for student learning among teachers Promotes a spirit of teamwork and
camaraderie Exhibits learning trends – deficits and
strengths
Provides information for resource allocations
Provides early intervention – prevents students from falling through the cracks
Promotes ownership and responsibility for student learning among teachers
Promotes a spirit of teamwork and camaraderie
Exhibits learning trends – deficits and strengths
Step 2: Develop Instructional TimelineStep 2: Develop Instructional Timeline
If you know where you want to go, you have a better chance of getting there.
-Anonymous
If you know where you want to go, you have a better chance of getting there.
-Anonymous
Benefits of an Instructional Timeline:
Benefits of an Instructional Timeline:
The instructional calendar serves as a graphic reminder for teachers and parents. It is a map that provides a logical path: aligning state performance standards, curriculum and assessment based on the needs of student groups, and the weight of the objective on the performance test.
The instructional calendar serves as a graphic reminder for teachers and parents. It is a map that provides a logical path: aligning state performance standards, curriculum and assessment based on the needs of student groups, and the weight of the objective on the performance test.
Benefits of an Instructional Timeline:
(continued)
Benefits of an Instructional Timeline:
(continued)
An instructional calendar can be developed or any subject area, grade level, district or state accountability standards or curriculum. Content area teachers should meet before the school year begins to design the calendar.
An instructional calendar can be developed or any subject area, grade level, district or state accountability standards or curriculum. Content area teachers should meet before the school year begins to design the calendar.
Benefits of an Instructional Timeline:
(continued)
Benefits of an Instructional Timeline:
(continued)Once the calendar is developed, it
should be distributed and prominently displayed throughout the school. Everyone should know what skill is being taught that period.
Once the calendar is developed, it should be distributed and prominently displayed throughout the school. Everyone should know what skill is being taught that period.
Benefits of an Instructional Timeline:
(continued)
Benefits of an Instructional Timeline:
(continued)
The instructional timeline should remain flexible. Teachers should meet regularly to review and revise the timeline based on the data gained from periodic assessments (Step 4) and teacher observations.
The instructional timeline should remain flexible. Teachers should meet regularly to review and revise the timeline based on the data gained from periodic assessments (Step 4) and teacher observations.
Benefits of an Instructional Timeline:Summary
Benefits of an Instructional Timeline:Summary
Is data directedProvides a clear and direct planPertains to any subject area, grade
level, campus, etc.Eliminates excessive review
periodsProvides a logical sequence and
relationship of skills
Is data directedProvides a clear and direct planPertains to any subject area, grade
level, campus, etc.Eliminates excessive review
periodsProvides a logical sequence and
relationship of skills
Benefits of an Instructional Timeline:
Summary (continued)
Benefits of an Instructional Timeline:
Summary (continued)Provides a clear perspective –
daily, weekly, and yearly Is flexible and based on student
needsProvides instructional focusEncourages ownership Involves staff in curriculum
decision-making
Provides a clear perspective – daily, weekly, and yearly
Is flexible and based on student needs
Provides instructional focusEncourages ownership Involves staff in curriculum
decision-making
Step 3: Instructional FocusStep 3: Instructional Focus
Learning is not a spectator sport.-Anonymous
Learning is not a spectator sport.-Anonymous
Step 3: Instructional Focus(continued)
Step 3: Instructional Focus(continued)
This step – where the actual teaching and learning take place – is, without question, the most critical part of the instructional process.
The emphasis is on the development and delivery of instruction.
This step – where the actual teaching and learning take place – is, without question, the most critical part of the instructional process.
The emphasis is on the development and delivery of instruction.
Step 3: Instructional Focus(continued)
Step 3: Instructional Focus(continued)
Together
Everyone
Accomplishes
More
Together
Everyone
Accomplishes
More
Step 3: Instructional Focus(continued)
Step 3: Instructional Focus(continued)
Instructional focus sheet determines what is to be mastered (objective, target areas, instructional timeline, assessment dates, and important reminders).
Based on the needs of the students, the teacher continues to design the appropriate lesson plans using suggested resources and/or nay other resources that address the focused concept/skill.
Instructional focus sheet determines what is to be mastered (objective, target areas, instructional timeline, assessment dates, and important reminders).
Based on the needs of the students, the teacher continues to design the appropriate lesson plans using suggested resources and/or nay other resources that address the focused concept/skill.
Benefits of Instructional Focus:
Benefits of Instructional Focus:
Reinforces the instructional timeline Addresses priority needs Promotes high quality of instruction Provides a clear and concise focus
based on the needs of the students
Can you list some additional benefits?
Reinforces the instructional timeline Addresses priority needs Promotes high quality of instruction Provides a clear and concise focus
based on the needs of the students
Can you list some additional benefits?
Step 4: Frequent Assessments
Step 4: Frequent Assessments
Without a commitment to when a skill will be taught and assessed, there is not commitment.
-Hayes-Jacobs
Without a commitment to when a skill will be taught and assessed, there is not commitment.
-Hayes-Jacobs
Step 4: Frequent Assessments (continued)
Step 4: Frequent Assessments (continued)
Frequent assessments check for understanding. They tell us which student are learning, which students need more help, and how to stay on track.
Frequent assessments check for understanding. They tell us which student are learning, which students need more help, and how to stay on track.
Step 4: Frequent Assessments (continued)
Step 4: Frequent Assessments (continued) Frequent assessments help us chart
student progress and identify students who require early intervention.
They also tell us when and where we need to adjust our own teaching methods. In addition, when a large number of student have not mastered a skill, they tell us to modify the instructional timeline – that we must devote more time to a particular concept.
Frequent assessments help us chart student progress and identify students who require early intervention.
They also tell us when and where we need to adjust our own teaching methods. In addition, when a large number of student have not mastered a skill, they tell us to modify the instructional timeline – that we must devote more time to a particular concept.
Benefits of frequent assessments:
Benefits of frequent assessments:
Provide immediate feedbackDiagnose teaching
effectiveness/weaknessesProvide the data needed for early
interventionEliminate surprises on the state
standard assessmentTrack student performance for
teacher and parents
Provide immediate feedbackDiagnose teaching
effectiveness/weaknessesProvide the data needed for early
interventionEliminate surprises on the state
standard assessmentTrack student performance for
teacher and parents
Step 5: TutorialsStep 5: Tutorials
What makes all of these approaches (various successful strategies) work is one common characteristic. They say to each child, ‘You are important. You can succeed. We need you to succeed. And we are going to work to provide you with opportunities for success.’
-Frank Newman, Education Commission of the States
What makes all of these approaches (various successful strategies) work is one common characteristic. They say to each child, ‘You are important. You can succeed. We need you to succeed. And we are going to work to provide you with opportunities for success.’
-Frank Newman, Education Commission of the States
Step 5: Tutorials (continued)Step 5: Tutorials (continued)
How did I ensure that all my students excelled?
Quite simply, I had to reteach non-mastery students.
How did I ensure that all my students excelled?
Quite simply, I had to reteach non-mastery students.
Step 5: Tutorials (continued)Step 5: Tutorials (continued)
Additional instructional time for review and refocus is a requirement if we are to ensure that success of all students.
Additional instructional time for review and refocus is a requirement if we are to ensure that success of all students.
Step 5: Tutorials(continued)
Step 5: Tutorials(continued)
To be effective, tutorials must be offered frequently and by talented staff
To be effective, tutorials must be offered frequently and by talented staff
Step 5: Tutorials(continued)
Step 5: Tutorials(continued)
The instruction must be focused and intense. Tutorials should never be perceived as a punishment but instead as an additional opportunity to “catch up”.
The instruction must be focused and intense. Tutorials should never be perceived as a punishment but instead as an additional opportunity to “catch up”.
Benefits of tutorials:Benefits of tutorials:
Prevents students from falling through the cracks
Assures students that you will not give up on them – that your expect them to “get this.”
Provides time for small group or one-on-one instruction
Provides alternative instruction
Prevents students from falling through the cracks
Assures students that you will not give up on them – that your expect them to “get this.”
Provides time for small group or one-on-one instruction
Provides alternative instruction
Step 6: EnrichmentStep 6: Enrichment
Unless you try to do something beyond
what you have already mastered, you will
never grow.-Ronald E. Osborn
Unless you try to do something beyond
what you have already mastered, you will
never grow.-Ronald E. Osborn
Benefits of enrichment:Benefits of enrichment:
Encourages students to work hard during regular class so they can participate in enrichment periods
Offers new ways to see how the classroom relates to the real world
Stimulates new insightsProvides intellectual and creative
challenges
Encourages students to work hard during regular class so they can participate in enrichment periods
Offers new ways to see how the classroom relates to the real world
Stimulates new insightsProvides intellectual and creative
challenges
Benefits of enrichment:(continued)
Benefits of enrichment:(continued)
Enhances knowledge, which allows students to learn a subject in greater depth
Generates interestDevelops advanced skills in critical
thinkingChallenges students to operate at
higher intellectual levelsPromotes personal growth
Enhances knowledge, which allows students to learn a subject in greater depth
Generates interestDevelops advanced skills in critical
thinkingChallenges students to operate at
higher intellectual levelsPromotes personal growth
Step 7: MaintenanceStep 7: Maintenance
“Unless we remember , we cannot understand.”
-Edward Morgan Forster
“Unless we remember , we cannot understand.”
-Edward Morgan Forster
Step 7: Maintenance (continued)
Step 7: Maintenance (continued)
Maintenance involves reinforcing skills that were taught earlier.
Maintenance involves reinforcing skills that were taught earlier.
Step 7: Maintenance (continued)
Step 7: Maintenance (continued)
Scheduled formal review throughout the calendar year and scheduled these more frequently as we approached the time for standards testing.
Scheduled formal review throughout the calendar year and scheduled these more frequently as we approached the time for standards testing.
Benefits of Maintenance:Benefits of Maintenance:
Ensures that skill/standards are retained
Strengthens students’ knowledge of skills
Provides additional learning opportunities
Reinforces thinking process
Ensures that skill/standards are retained
Strengthens students’ knowledge of skills
Provides additional learning opportunities
Reinforces thinking process
Step 8: MonitorStep 8: Monitor
Where there is no vision, people perish.
-Proverbs
Where there is no vision, people perish.
-Proverbs
Step 8: Monitor(continued)
Step 8: Monitor(continued)
Monitoring should be a continuous, multifaceted step in the instructional cycle involving an entire team of individuals.
Monitoring should be a continuous, multifaceted step in the instructional cycle involving an entire team of individuals.
Benefits of Monitoring:Benefits of Monitoring:
√ Ensures that everyone has a role in the learning process√ Identifies what is working and what is not (while there is still time to improve)√ Connects students and principal on a personal level √ Assures students that the principal and
teachers care and that learning is important
√ Ensures that everyone has a role in the learning process√ Identifies what is working and what is not (while there is still time to improve)√ Connects students and principal on a personal level √ Assures students that the principal and
teachers care and that learning is important
Benefits of Monitoring:(continued)
Benefits of Monitoring:(continued)
√ Helps reduce discipline problems√ Helps instruction improve when
the principal recommends an effective teaching strategy√ Reassures teachers and student
that “we are all in this together”
√ Helps reduce discipline problems√ Helps instruction improve when
the principal recommends an effective teaching strategy√ Reassures teachers and student
that “we are all in this together”
Conclusion: Part IConclusion: Part I