Learning Full Chapter1

Learning is acquiring new, or modifying existing, knowledge, behaviors, skills, values, or preferences and may involve synthesizing different types of information. The ability to learn is possessed by humans, animals and some machines. Progress over time tends to follow learning curves. Learning is not compulsory; it is contextual. It does not happen all at once, but builds upon and is shaped by what we already know. To that end, learning may be viewed as a process, rather than a collection of factual and procedural knowledg e. Human learning may occur as part of education, personal development , schooling, or training. It may be goal-oriented and may be aided by motivation. The study of how learning occurs is part of neuropsychology , educationa l psychology, learning theory, and pedagogy. Learning may occur as a result of habituation or classical conditioning, seen in many animal species, or as a result of more complex activities such as play, seen only in relatively intelligent animals. [1][2] Learning may occur consciously or without conscious awareness . There is evidence for human behavioral learning prenatally, in which habituation has been observed as early as 32 weeks into gestation, indicating that the central nervous system is sufficiently developed and primed for learning and memory to occur very early on in development . [3] Play has been approached by several theorists as the fir st form of learning. Children play, experiment with the world, learn the rules, and learn to interact. Vygotsky agrees that play is pivotal for children's development, since they make meaning of t heir environment through play. The context of conversation based on moral reasoning offers some proper observations on the responsibilities of parents. [4] Contents 1 Types of learning o 1.1 Simple non-associative learning 1.1.1 Habituation 1.1.2 Sensitisation o 1.2 Associative learning 1.2.1 Classical conditioning o 1.3 Imprinting o 1.4 Observational learning o 1.5 Play o 1.6 Enculturation o 1.7 Episodic learning o 1.8 Multimedia learning o 1.9 E-learning and augmented learning o 1.10 Rote learning o 1.11 Meaningful learning o 1.12 Informal learning o 1.13 Formal learning o 1.14 Nonformal learning o 1.15 Nonformal learning and combined approaches o 1.16 Tangential learning o 1.17 Dialogic learning 2 Domains of learning 3 Transfer of learning

Learning Full Chapter1

Documents