www.rti.org RTI International is a registered trademark and a trade name of Research Triangle Institute. Learning and Teaching in the Upper Primary Grades Patience Sowa, Ph.D April 2019 Children “entering the adult world in the 21 st century will read and write more than at any other time in human history. They will need advanced levels of literacy to perform their jobs, run their households, act as citizens, and conduct their personal lives. They will need literacy to cope with the flood of information they will find everywhere they turn. They will need literacy to feed their imaginations so they can create the world of the future. In a complex and sometimes even dangerous world, their ability to read will be crucial. Continual instruction beyond the early grades is needed.” –International Reading Association
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Learning and Teaching in the Upper Primary Grades · 2019. 4. 14. · Learning and Teaching –Why Upper Primary? Children are not learning 617 million (58%) children and adolescents
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www.rti.orgRTI International is a registered trademark and a trade name of Research Triangle Institute.
Learning and Teachingin the Upper Primary Grades
Patience Sowa, Ph.D April 2019
Children “entering the adult world in the 21st century
will read and write more than at any other time in
human history. They will need advanced levels of
literacy to perform their jobs, run their households, act
as citizens, and conduct their personal lives. They will
need literacy to cope with the flood of information they
will find everywhere they turn. They will need literacy
to feed their imaginations so they can create the
world of the future. In a complex and sometimes even
dangerous world, their ability to read will be crucial.
Continual instruction beyond the early grades is
needed.”
–International Reading Association
Learning and Teaching in Upper Primary - Overview
▪ Why upper primary?
▪ Learning
▪ Teaching
Learning and Teaching – Why Upper Primary?
Children are not learning
▪ 617 million (58%) children and
adolescents are not achieving minimum
proficiency levels (MPLs) in reading and
mathematics (UIS)
Central and Southern Asia
▪ 81% will not meet MPLs by end of
primary.
Sub-Saharan Africa
▪ 88% will not be able to read proficiently
by end of primary.
Why Upper Primary?
▪ Upper primary often overlooked, but significant stage of education.
▪ If we are to achieve SDG goal 4 of quality basic education, and if we
are to sustain the learning gains made in early primary, we cannot
afford to ignore teaching and learning in these grades.
Learning in Upper Primary
Factors which influence Learning In Upper Primary
▪ Developmental
▪ Sociocultural and Socioeconomic
▪ Multilingual
Learning in Upper Primary - Developmental Factors
Developmental Characteristics of UP Child
Physical Development Enormous physical changes,
puberty, growth spurts
Social and Emotional
Development
Independence, search for identity,
peer groups and influence (sense
of belonging and inclusion)
Cognitive Development More reasoning especially
abstract reasoning, logical
thinking about experiences
Metacognitive
Development
Grow in ability to think about
thinking; more proficient in
monitoring their learning,
intellectual curiosity DelGuidice, 2018; Tompkins et al. 2016
Upper primary
children
Ages: 8-12/13
Grade levels: 4-6/7
Learning in Upper Primary – Sociocultural and Socioeconomic Factors