English Representation Thai Word or Phrase Meaning a haan ta lee, thelah อาหารทะเล Seafood Pronounced "ah-haan tah-lay". a-roi อร่อย Delicious a-roi mak อร่อยมาก Very delicious! a-roi mak mak อร่อยมากๆ Very, very delicious! ba mii, ba me บะหมีÉ Egg Noodle Similar to spaghetti noodles (pronounced "bum-mee") bai ใบ Leaf, Leaves bai chee, bai chi ใบชี Cilantro Leaves bai gluay ใบกลัวย Banana Leaves bai graprow, bai ka phrao, bai kaprao ใบกะเพรา Thai Holy Basil Leaf Ocimum Sanctum. Green with purple reddish tinged leaves, holy basil has a clove-like taste. bai horapah ใบโหระพา Sweet Thai Basil Tastes rather like anise, looks like European sweet basil, and is used in red and green curries. bai maeng lak ใบแมงลัก Lemon Basil or Hairy Basil Leaf Lemon basil leaves have a sweet fragrance, and they are used for adding a fragrance to foods including Gaeng Liang, แกงเลียง, and kanom chin (curried Chinese noodles). The seeds are eaten as a sweet with syrup and crushed ice.
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English Representation
Thai Word or Phrase
Meaning
a haan ta lee, thelah อาหารทะเล Seafood Pronounced "ah-haan tah-lay".
a-roi อรอย Delicious
a-roi mak อรอยมาก Very delicious!
a-roi mak mak อรอยมากๆ Very, very delicious!
ba mii, ba me บะหม Egg Noodle Similar to spaghetti noodles (pronounced "bum-mee")
bai ใบ Leaf, Leaves
bai chee, bai chi ใบช Cilantro Leaves
bai gluay ใบกลวย Banana Leaves
bai graprow, bai ka phrao, bai kaprao
ใบกะเพรา Thai Holy Basil Leaf Ocimum Sanctum. Green with purple reddish tinged leaves, holy basil has a clove-like taste.
bai horapah ใบโหระพา Sweet Thai Basil
Tastes rather like anise, looks like European sweet basil, and is used in red and green curries.
bai maeng lak ใบแมงลก Lemon Basil or Hairy Basil Leaf
Lemon basil leaves have a sweet fragrance, and they are used for adding a fragrance to foods including Gaeng Liang, แกงเลยง, and kanom chin (curried Chinese noodles). The seeds are eaten as a sweet with syrup and crushed ice.
bai magroot ใบมะกรด Kaffir Lime Leaf See pew magroot
bai toey ใบเดย Pandanus Leaf Essence Pandanus leaf essence, also called "dteuy hohm", "bay toey" or screwpine leaf flavoring, is Thailand's equivalent to vanilla flavoring. It has an earthy fragrance and taste and is usually added to coconut milk based sweets. A common dish is Gai Haw Bai Toey (Chicken wrapped in Pandanus Leaf) ไก
หอใบเดย
beek ปก Wing As in beek gai, ปกไก, a chicken wing.
bia เบย Beer
bia chang เบยชาง Chang Beer Chang beer is a 6.4% ABV pale lager created in 1994 in a joint-venture with Carlsberg beer. It is now owned by ThaiBev, and has managed to win a considerable size of the market.
bia leo Leo Beer
A 6% ABV lager brewed by Boon Rawd Brewery.
bia sing เบยรสงห Singha Beer
Singha is 6% ABV pale lager brewed by Boon Rawd Brewery.
bouy Salted Plums These dried shriveled plums are about the same size as olives. They are grayish brown and covered in a fine layer of salt. They are sold in decorative clear plastic containers or wrapped in cellophane. Salted plums are used to flavor steamed fish or other Thai dishes. The plums and juice are used to make a sweet and sour dipping sauce.
bu, bpuu ป Crab Pronounced "boooo", with a very long "oo" sound.
buap liam Sponge gourd
cha om ชะอม Acacia Leaf Acacia pennata. The feathery shoots are used in soups, curries, omlettes, and stir fries.
chaplu, chaploo, shaploo
ชะพล Wild Pepper, Cha-Plu Piper sarmentosum. Sometimes wrongly identified as Piper betle, which doesn't have glossy and tender leaves. The leaves are heart-shaped, light green when young and shiny dark green when mature. The upper side of the leaf is smooth while the underside is somewhat rough. The leaf has a pleasant fragrance and a refreshing taste. I once had it served with laab muu as a wrapper for the minced pork.
chaam ชาม Bowl, dish A more formal word, bi noht baat บณฑบาตร
, specifically means a "food bowl" or "alms dish". The act of putting food into a monk's bowl is called sai baat, ใสบาตร.
chawn,chorn ชอน Spoon Pronounced "chawn".
chawn sawm ชอนสอม Cutlery, silverware Literally a spoon and a fork.
dawk jan, dok chan Mace
deum ดม Drink
dip ดบ Raw, unripe, green, undercooked when refering to meat, rare, uncooked
dong ดอง Pickle, pickled, fermented
dta giab ตะเกยบ Chopsticks
dtab ตบ Liver
dtom, tom ตม Boil The beginning word for many Thai
dishes, usually in the form of a clear soup including Tom Yum ตมย า, Tom Som ตมสม, Tom Kaa ตมขา, and Tom Klong ตโคลง.
dtoon, dtun ต น Double steam, [Chinese cooking] to cook by steaming, to steam
ga lum bplee กะหลา◌ปล Cabbage Cabbage is commonly eaten with laab, som tum, and yam, or used in salads or clear soups.
gaan gai salak polamai
การแกะสลก
ผลไม Fruit carving
gaan pluu, kan plou กานพล Cloves Engenia caryophyllata Cloves are the dried flower buds of a member of the myrtle family and can be used whole or in powder form. In Thai cuisine. They are added to curries but they also mix well with tomatoes and salty vegetables.
gapee gabpi, gkapki, ka-peei, kapi
กะป Shrimp paste Made from ground shrimp and rice. Kasma Loha-unchit has a very good article about gabpi.
gaeng, kaeng แกง Typical Tha dish, half-way between a soup and a stew. It may be clear and thin or spicy and thicken with coconut cream.
gaeng jeut, kaeng jeut
แกงจด Bland Soup, usually Chinese-style
gaeng kiew wahn, kaeng kiew wahn
แกงเขยวหวาน Green Curry Paste
gaeng leuang, kaeng leuang
แกงเหลอง Yellow Curry Paste
gaeng masamun, kaeng masamun
แกงมสม น Masamun Curry Paste
gaeng pah, kaeng pah
แกงปา Jungle Curry
gaeng panaeng, kaeng panaeng
แกงแพนง, แกงพะแนง
Panang Curry Paste
gaeng ped, kaeng ped
แกงเผด Red Curry Paste
gaeng som แกงสม Popular fish soup in Thailand, like Gaeng Som Pla (Sour Soup) แกง
สมปลา.
gaa-fae กาแฟ Coffee Spelled phonetically from the French
word, café. gai, kai ไก Chicken
gai tawd ไกทอด Fried chicken
gai yang, kai yang ไกยาง Grilled Chicken
gapraw กะเพรา Stir-fried dish with holy basil (bai grapaw) and chile (prik kee noo)
garee, karee กฃหร Curry From the English word "curry". Used only when refering to Indian curry.
geow, kiow เกยว Wonton Square sheets of wheat dough enclosing pork, boiled in soup stock.
gin กน To eat or drink
gin khao, kin khao กนขาว To eat food, literally, "eat rice"
gluay, kluay กลวย Banana
gati, gkati กะท Coconut Milk/Cream
gluea เกลอ Salt Pronounced "glue-uh".
goong, kung, gung กง Generic term for shrimp or prawn In the USA, people commonly call large shrimp "prawns", but that's not correct because some prawns can be smaller than shrimp. Some people think shrimp are saltwater and prawns are freshwater. That's not correct either. This is the difference:
The structure of the gills is different between shrimp and prawns. If you turn a shrimp over and look at its "belly", the side plate of the second segment of the abdomen overlaps the segments in the front and behind. If you do the same to a prawn, all of the abdominal side plates overlap like tiles from the front.
Shrimp "brood" their eggs like a chicken (the eggs are held in their swimming legs -- See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleopod). Prawns don't brood -- They just shed their eggs into the current.
In Thailand, there are mainly three types of prawns served in restaurants: White Prawns, Tiger Prawns, and Spiny
Clawied Prawns. goong chae-biao กงแชบวย White Prawn
Penaeus merguiensis. Also known as Banana Prawn, it has a white body with small rust-colored dots. Fully grown, they obtain a length of 20 cm (8 inches) or more, but they are harvested before they reach half that size. The small ones are sorted and sold as ก งชแฮ. This is the prawn that is found in recipes that just indicate "prawns".
goong goo laa dum กงกลาดา Tiger Prawn Penaeus monodon. It has black and white stripes and is the giant among Asia prawns. The females grow to over 30 cm (1 foot) long.
Freshwater Prawn, Freshwater Lobster Macrobrachium rosenbergii. These are the prawns with the long second walking leg and a large spiny pincher. Spiny-clawed prawns with blue bodies are more tender when broiled or baked than those with grey-green bodies. Smaller spiny-clawed prawns are called goong naang ก งนาง.
goong haeng, kung haeng, gung haeng
กงแหง Dried Shrimp Shelled, salted, and sundried shrimps. Add to Pad Thai noodles for an authentic Thai taste. Mildly salty, with a fragrant aroma, pre-soak in warm water before adding to salads or grind or chop and add to chili pastes, soups, stir fries, sauces, or as a topping.
gratium กระเทยม Garlic Sometimes pronounced "grow-tee".
gratium dong กระเทยมดอง Pickled Garlic
gratium jeow, gratium jiaw
กระเทยมเจยว Fried Garlic A convenient delicious topping for noodles and rice dishes.
grawaan, krawan กระวาน Cardamon Amomum xanthoides Grown in South Eastern Thailand,Cardamon has been used since ancient times. These aromatic pods can be either green, white or black, and are used in a variety of sweet and savoury Thai dishes, especially in curries.
guaitiao, guay dtiow, kuaitiao
กวยเตยว Rice Noodles, Rice Stick Noodles Guaitiao, from a Chinese word, are opaque ribbon-like rice noodles. They
are called "gway tee-ow" in Thai, "chow fun" in Chinese, or "ban pho" in Vietnamese. Pre-soak in warm water to soften, before frying or adding to soups. These noodles are used to make Pad Thai
guaitiao sen lek, sen lek
เสนคลก Thin Rice Noodles Resembling spaghetti, these noodles are sold both fresh and dried. The city of Chanthaburi is famous for dried sen lek noodles, which are sometimes called Jantoboon noodles after the nickname for the town.
guaitiao sen yai เสนคใหญ Wide Lane Noodles, Rice River Noodles Sold both dried and fresh, although the latter form is more popular. When fresh they tend to be rather sticky and need to be separated before cooking.
haeng แหง Dry, Dried Pronounced "haang" with a very long "a".
haew, haeo แหว Water Chestnut
haw หอ To wrap To wrap, as in Gai Haw Bai Toey (Chicken wrapped in Pandanus Leaf) ไก
หอใบเดย
hawn หอม Shallot
hawy หอย Shellfish, clam, oyster, snail, shell Pronounced with a rising tone.
hawy chen หอยเชลล Scallop Amusium pleuronectes
hawy gap หอยกาบ Clam, Cockle
hawy kraeng Cockle Anadara granosa and Anadara nodifera. Also known as arc shell and blood cockle.
hawy lai Clam
Paphia undulata, Undulated Surf Clam.
hawy malaeng phu หอยแมลงภ Mussel Perna viridis.
hawy nang rohm หอยนางรม
hawy pat หอพด Scallop Amusium pleuronectes
het เหด Mushroom
Pronounced "head" in a low tone, barely pronouncing the "d".
het fang เหดฟาง Straw Mushroom Volvariella volvacea
het hawm, het horm เหดหอม Shiitake Mushroom
Lentinus edodes, also known as Chinese Mushrooms or Japanese Black Mushrooms. Shiitake mushrooms have a pale brown to dark reddish brown cap that is generally two to four inches wide. The young mushrooms have an edge rolled inward, which nearly flattens out with age. The stems are tough and fibrous and are generally detached and discarded. The cap has creamy white gills on its underside and its flesh is firm and white. The mushroom grows in clusters on hardwood, such as oak, chestnut and beech. The flesh is meaty textured with a rich, smoky flavor and goes well with all foods.
het huu nuu เหดหหน Cloud Ear Mushroom Also known as wood ear or tree ear, these mushrooms are commonly used in Chinese cuisine. There is a het huu nuu kao which is a white jelly fungus, เหดหหน
ขาว, and a het huu nuu see nam dam, เหด
หหนสนา◌ตาล is a darker variant. They are usually purchased in dry form and a reconstituted with water prior to use. They swell to triple the dried size and have a cartilage-like texture.
het nang rohm, het nang lom
เหดนางรม Oyster Mushroom A fan-shaped mushroom that is white, light gray, light gray with a bluish tinge, pale yellow or pinkish in color. It has a slight odor similar to anise or licorice and a tender texture with a mild oyster-like flavor.
hiu nam หวน า Thirsty
hom daeng หอมแดง Red Shallots
hom daeng jeow, hawm daeng jeow, hom daeng jiaw
หอมแดงเจยว Fried Red Shallot A delicious topper for rice and noodles and other Thai dishes.
hua hom หวหอม Onion
hua hom yai หวหอมใหญ White onion
huah chai bpoh Pickled Radish Made from salted and pickled daikon-like turnips. It is both salty and sweet and makes a nice contrast fried with rice noodles. Rinse well before adding to Pad Thai
hoong, hung หง Slow blanch, to boil or cook
im อม Full (of food), had enough to eat
jabchai จบฉาย Hotchpot, medley, mélange, as in Tom Jabchai (Vegetable Stew) ตม
จบฉาย.
jaan จาน Plate
jay, sai phak เจ Vegetarian
jiaw, jeow เจยว Crisp fry, to fry in oil
jim จ ม Dip in Dip food into sauce, as in the many nam jim น าจ น recipes.
jued จด Bland, tasteless. In Thailand, Chinese-style soups are called "bland" soups, like Gaeng Jued Wunsen (Noodle Soup) แกงจด ว นเสน or Nam Gaeng Jued (Beef Stock) น าแกงจด.
kah min ขม น Tumeric
kah ขา Galangal
kai ไข Egg
kai jeow, kai jee-o ไขเจยว Omelette
kai kow ไขคาว Fried eggs
kanom ขนม Sweets, desert, or cake Pronounced "ka-nome".
kee rot แครอท Carrot
kee mao ข เนา Habitually drunk, a drunkard, very drunk.
keow, khiew, kiao, kiew
เขยว Green As in Gai Pad Khiao Wan (Chicken Stir-Fried with Green Curry Paste) ไก ผ ดเขยวหวาน or Nam Prik Gaeng Keow Wan (Green Curry Paste) น าพรกแกงเขยวหวาน.
kanoon, kha nuu ขนน Jack Fruit The jackfruit is the shape of a large melon. The fruit has a green-greyish skin, and contains a great number of pips or kernels which are about the size of a pigeon's egg. These, when roasted, taste like chestnuts. The fruit is yellow and succulent, of a sweet taste and powerful smell. Thais eat the yellow flesh alone, with ice cream or mixed with other fruits and coconut milk in a compote. The cooked seeds find their way into many dishes.
kao, khao ขาว Rice
kao chao, khao chao ขาวเชา Breakfast Literally, "morning rice". A more formal way of refering to breakfast is "a-han kao chao", อาหารขาวเชา, which just means "food morning rice".
kao dtom ขาวตม Rice soup, rice gruel, congee, rice porridge
kao hom mali, kao hom mali
Jasmine Rice Pronounced "cow homme-mah-lee".
kao koor Powdered Fried Rice
kao niow, kao niow ขาวเหนยว Sticky Rice pronounced "cow-knee-owh".
kao niow dom, kao niow dom
Black Sticy Rice Pronounced "cow-knee-owh dumb". Black sticky rice is nutty and flavorful like wild rice. Soak and steam or boil to cook. Serve savory, combined with cooked white sticky rice, for a nutitious rice dish. Or sweeten with palm sugar and serve with coconut milk for a delicious Thai dessert (kanom).
kao pod ขาวโพด Corn Usually baby corn (ขาวโพดออน, literally young corn) is used in Thai cuisine
kao pad, khao phad ขาวผ ด Fried Rice
kao bplao, kao plao, khao plao
ขาวเปลา Steamed Rice, Plain Rice
kao pon, khao pon, khua pon
Roasted Rice
kao soi kai Chicken with Noodles in Curry
Soup kao soi nuea Beef with Noodles in Curry Soup
kao tee-ang ขาวคทยง Lunch Literally, "noon rice"
kao yen ขาวเยน Dinner, supper Literally, "evening rice". "yen" is the early evening hours between 4:00pm and 6:00pm.
kem เคม Salty taste
kom ขม Bitter taste
kuen chai ข นฉาย Chinese celery
king ขง Ginger
king dong ขงดอง Pickled Ginger
kreung เครอง Ingredients, food, ware, utensil
kreung broong เครองปรง Condiments
krueng puang เครองพวง Ring of Spices Usually served with noodles, the spices are dried chili powder (Prik Pom), vinegar with chili slices (Prik Dong), fish sauce (Nam Pla), sugar
lueuat เลอด Blood Don't you wonder why blood appears in a food glossary? I once had laab pet (ground duck salad) with the fresh duck
blood poured over it. lohn หลน Stew or simmer
luak ลวก Blanch (vegetables), soft-boil (an egg)
lum yai ลาไย Longan Euphoria longana.
luuk chin, look chin ลกช น Meatballs
luuk jan, iuk jan ลกจน Nutmeg
luuk pak chee ลกผ กช Whole Thai Coriander Seeds
ma fuang มะเฟอง Carambola Fruit
ma gawk มะกอก Olive
Thai olives are similar in size and shape to the green olives most people know. The astringent and tart tropical green olive is most frequently pickled, to be nibbled on any time of day dipped in or sprinkled with a mixture of crushed chillies, salt and sugar. It is also frequently sliced up and pounded into a spicy green papaya salad.
ma-groot มะกร Kaffir Lime Citrus hystrix.
ma kua, makheua มะเขอ Eggplant
makheua fuang มะเขอพวง Pea Eggplant Small pea-sized green eggplants with smooth skin. The young fruit is eaten as a fresh vegetable, put in nam prik, or used in curry, green curry, and gaeng gai.
ma kua poh, makheua pro
มะเขอเปราะ Thai Eggplant Also known as Brinjal, Thai eggplants are small and round and a a creamy white color with green stripes. They are eaten as a fresh vegetable with nam prik, or used in curry and in Gaeng Paa (Jungle Curry) แกงปา
ma kua teet มะเขอเทศ Tomato
ma kua yao มะเขอยาว Eggplant
A long, thin, green eggplant.
ma la goo, malakaw มะละกอ Papaya Originally a native of Mexico, the papaya has been grown in Southeast Asia since the 16th century and the long yellow or orange fruit, rich in Vitamins A and C, is a well-established component of Thai cuisine. In perhaps its most popular use, green papayas are sliced into thin strips and ground together with dried shrimp, garlic, and hot chilies to produce a fiery salad called som tam.
maprao, ma praao มะพราว Coconut
ma-kahm มะขาม Tamarind Tamarind is a large evergreen tree that grows in the tropics. It is native to Asian and, probably, to Africa. The tree may grow 75 feet(23 meters) tall. It ha leaves that consist of 10-18 pairs of leaflets and small, pale yellow flowers. The tamarind tree produces brown pods that are 2 to 6 inches(5 to 16 centimeters) long. The pods contain an acidic pulp that may be eaten fresh or used to make jams, sauces, syrups, and drinks. The seeds of the tamarind may be roasted and eaten. The tamarind grown as a shade tree in southern Florida, U.S.A
ma-kahm piag รกมะขามปยก Tamarind paste
ma-muang มะมวง Mango Pronounced "ma-moo-ung".
ma-muang dong มะมวงดอง Pickled Mango
ma-naao มะนาว Lime Also used for lemon which is not commonly available in Thailand.
mai sai sai Without intestines :)
maeng ka-phrun แมงกะพรน Jellyfish - Sold in dried form.
mali มะล Jasmine
man มน Yam, potato Also means oil, fat or grease
man-farang มนฝรง Potato, an Irish potato
man-farang ob มนฝรงอบ Baked potato
mang-kut มงคด Mangosteen Southern Thailand is the home of the mangosteen, which appears on markets in May and continues through most of the rainy season. This delicious fruit has a thick, dark-red skin, inside which are creamy white segments with a sweet, slightly tart flavor; as a general rule, the
more segments a mangosteen has, the fewer seeds one will find. A knife is used to slit the skin around the middle, after which it opens easily and the flesh can be eaten with a fork as a memorable after-meal treat.
massaman มสม น "Musselman" or Islamic origin As in Gaeng Massaman Kaa (Curry Paste) แกงมสม นขา
mee lueang Yellow noodles
muang himaphan มะมวงหม
พานต Cashew Nut mamuang means "mango", but in the full formal Thai language mamuang himaphan is a cashew nut; the logic is as follows: himaphan refers to the Brahministic equivalent of the Garden of Eden, and the bean in which the cashew nut grows is similar to a small mango, hence the cashew is the "mango of paradise".
moo, muu, mu หม Pork Pronounced "moo".
moo paa, my bpa หมปา Wild boar
moo yang หมยาง Whole pig roasted over an open fire.
moo han หมหน Pig suckling roasted over an open fire.
moo sam chan Pork Belly This is the same cut of pork that is used for making bacon, with a layer of red meat, fat and skin. Pork belly is regarded as one of the tastiest cuts of the animal despite its fatty content and it is a particular favorite, whether fried until crisp or slowly cooked with five-spice powder. The long cooking method makes the pork particularly tender and also helps render much of its excess fat. Cooked this way, it is often served with plain boiled rice and vegetables. Pork belly is often used minced as a secret ingredient in other dishes to provide flavor and moistness. It is often combined with prawns (shrimp) in prawn cakes and also with beef to give certain lightness.
moo yawng หมหยอง Shredded pork, dried and preserved.
naam maw Fermented Sausage
nam น า Water, liquid, juice
nam aep bpeen น าแอปเปล Apple juice
nam aawy น าออย Sugarcane juice
nam blao น าเปลา Plain water
nam cha น าชา Tea, hot or cold
nam dtan น าตาน Sugar The sugar palm tree is call dton dtan, ตน
ตาน. "nam dtan" is the liquid from the palm tree.
nam dtan gruat น าตานกราด Rock sugar
nam dtan ma praao น าตานมะ
พราว Coconut palm sugar
nam gati น ากะท Coconut milk
nam gaeng, nam geeng, nam kaeng
น าแกง Soup, or the liquid part of curry
nam gin น ากน Drinking water
nam jan น าจฌฑ Alcohol, liquor
nam jim น าจ น Sauce, Dip
nam kuat น าขาว Soft drink Literally bottled water/liquid.
nam kem น าเคม Brine, Salt Water
nam keng น าเแขง Ice Pronounced "nam kang".
nam king น าขง Ginger Ale
nam makham piag น ารกมะขามป
ยก Tamarind Juice
nam manao น ามะนาว Lemonade Literally "lime juice".
nam man pert น ามนพช Vegetable Oil พช ("pert") means vegetation or plant in Thai.
nam man tua น ามนถ ว Peanut Oil
nam mao น าเนา Alcoholic beverage
nam mapraao น ามะพราว Coconut juice, coconut milk
nam nom น านม Milk
nam pla น าปลา Fish Sauce (pronounced "nam plah")
nam pla prik น าปลาพรก Fish Sauce with thinly sliced prik ki nu
nam pla prik ma-nao น าปลาพรก
มะนาว Chili fish sauce This sauce is made by mixing 2 tablespoonfuls of fish sauce, 2 teaspoonsful of lime juice, and I teaspoonsful of chillies. It is used as a sauce to accompany fried foods or as a condiment with rice.
nam pon-la-maai น าผลไม Fruit Juice
nam prik น าพรก Hot Chili Paste Sauce A watery sauce of shrimp paste and chili used as a condiment
nam prik pao, nam prik phao, nam prik pow
น าพรกเผา Roasted Chilli Paste in Bean Oil An excellent accompaniment to steamed jasmine rice. Made primarily from roasted red chilis and ground dried shrimp, it has a wonderful mellow taste. It is often added to 'tom yum' soup.
nam prik siracha น าพรกศรราชา Chili Garlic Sauce
nam peung น าผ ง Honey "peung" means "bee", so nam peung is liquid from a bee.
nam salat น าสลด Salad dressing, mayonnaise.
nam sapparot น าสบปะรด Pineapple juice
nam see iu น าซอว Soy sauce
nam som น าสม Orange juice or any citrus juice
nam som ma-kahm น าสมมะขาม Tamarind juice Made by mixing some of the fruit with water and squeezing out the juice
nam som paep Palm Sugar
nam som saai chu น าสมสายช Vinegar
nam sup, nam soop Chicken Stock
nam toh-nik น าโทนก Tonic water A very handy word when you need a vodka tonic or "waat-ka toh-nik", วอดก าโท
นก.
nam waan น าหวาน Soft drink, flavored syrup
nan tan sai daeng Granulated Brown Sugar
nang หนง Animal hide, skin, flesh
nang moo หนงหม Pork Skin Used as it is or deep-fried, pork skin is a Thai specialty. It is made by removing all the hair and fat from the skin, which is then scraped clean, boiled until tender, and then sliced. It can be found in the frozen food section of Asian stores. It can be used in soup or stir-fried with vegetables.
naw mai หนอไม Bamboo Shoots
neua, nua-wua เนอ Beef, or the meat of any animal
If not specified, hope it is cow meat!
neua bot เนอบด Ground meat Pronounce "bote".
neua gae เนอแกะ Lamb meat
neua gai เนอไก Chicken meat
neua luuk wua เนอลกว ว Veal or calf meat
neua muu เนอหม Pig meat (Pork meat)
neua pet เนอเปด Duck meat
neua pla เนอปลา Fish meat
neua sap เนอสบ Minced meat
neua dtoon เนอต น Steamed beef
neua yang เนอยาง Roast Beef (or roast meat)
neung นง Steam
ngah งา Sesame Seeds
ngaw, hgoh เงาะ Rambutan The fruit is called luk ngaw ลกเงาะ. Ruby red and covered with fine green-tipped hairs, the rambutan is one of the most attractive Thai fruits and also one of the most delicious when eaten at the peak of ripeness between May and September when it is most plentiful. Thai rambutans are noted for their sweetness and considerable quantities are exported both fresh and canned; the main growing areas are Chanthaburi and southern provinces such as Surat Thani.
nok นก Bird
nok grataa, nok gradtaa
นกกระทา Quail
ob, awb อบ To bake, roast, broil. To cook in the oven.
ob choei, awb cheeuy
อบเสย Cinnamon Cinnamonum zeylanicum
paa, bpa, bpaa ปา Wild Wild, as in wild boar หมปา or wild mushrooms เหดปา.
pad, pat, phat ผด Fry, fried, usually stir-fried To cook (a mixture of meat and vegetables) in a pan with a little oil.
pad kee mao ผดข เนา Spicy Fried Noodles
pad mama Fried Yellow Instant Noodles
pad pak ผดผ ก Fried Vegetables
pad see iw ผดซอว Fried Noodles with Soy Sauce
pak, phak ผก Vegetable
pak boong, phak bung
ผกบง Generic term for Swamp Cabbage, Water Spinach, Water Morning Glory, Water Convolvulus
pak boong thai, phak bung thai
ผกบงไทย Thai Water Morning Glory, Thai Water Convolvulus Ipomoea Aquatica. Thai water convovulus is an annual aquatic plant that spreads its stems on the water surface. The stem is succulent, crisp, green in color and segmented. The leaves are heart-shaped and commonly used in kaeng teop, sour spicy soups, fried with pork, used in yen ta fo and
eaten as a fresh vegetable with nam prik.
pak chi ผกช Cilantro Coriandrum sativum, is of the parsley family. The leaves and stems are eaten fresh and used frequently as a garnish. The root and the seeds are ingredients in many dishes.
pak chi farang ผกชฝรง Stink Weed, Long Leaf Cilantro
Eryngium Foetidum. Stink Weed is an annual plant with a short clumpy stem. The leaves are long-shaped, about 3 to 4 inches and 1/2 inch wide with dark green, with jagged edges. They are smooth and have a pleasant fragrance and a characteristic slightly sour taste. The leaves are eaten as a fresh vegetable and used to give fragrance to foods.
pak chi lao ผกชลาว Dill
Literally "Laotian Cilantro". Commonly seen with street food vendors to add a taste to soups.
pak dtum leung ผกตาลง Ivy Gourd
The young, unripe fruit of the ivy gourd, look dtum leung, ตาลงลก, is usually eaten pickled, with nam prik, or used in sour spicy soups. The leaves and young shoots are used in soups, gaeng liang, noodles, or fried.
pak gaat ผกกาด Lettuce
pak gaat jin ผกกาดจน Chinese White Cabbage Brassica pekinensis. The leaves of Chinese cabage are light green and crinkly. Chinese cabbage is commonly used for soups, fried, or eaten as a raw vegetable with laab or nam prik.
pak gaat dong ผกกาดดอง Pickled Cabbage Chopped crunchy white cabbage is pickled in vinegar, salt and sugar for minimum of 3 days. It is served as a relish or added to dishes while cooking to give a salty, slightly sour flavor.
pak gaat keow bplee ผกกาดเขยวปล Chinese Mustard Green
Brassica juncea. Also called Leaf Mustard or Mustard Green
pak kana ผกคะนา Chinese broccoli, Chinese Kale
pak nam dao ผกน าเดา Bottle Gourd
pak tawng, pak thong
ผกทอง Pumpkin
pak wan Forest tree melientha suavis - the leaves and flowers are used, and are slightly sweet
panaeng พะแนง, แพนง
Dry Curry A dry curry cooked in a pan rather than a pot, like Panaeng Nuea (Stir-Fried Beef Curry) พะแนงเนอ or Panaeng Gai (Penang Curry with Chicken) แพนงไก.
pang geow Wonton Wrappers These wafer-thin wrappers are made from egg and wheat flour. They are available both fresh and frozen.
pang hor Spring Roll Wrappers Also called Rice Paper. Made from a mixture of rice flour, water, and salt these are rolled out by machine to paper thinness and then dried in the sun. They are used extensively for wrapping Thai fresh spring rolls and deep fried spring rolls. Deep fried spring rolls are wrapped with crispy fresh lettuce and herbs and finally dipped in a sweet, sour hot sauce.
pao เผา Chargrill It literally means "to burn, to heat, to set fire to".
parlow Braised
pet, bpet เปด Duck
pet, phed, phet เผด Spicy, hot taste
pew magroot Kaffir Lime Leaf, Dried
phiset "Special", big serving
ping, bing ปง Grill, Toast
pla ปลา Fish
pla buek ปลาบก Giant Mekong Catfish
pla chikhak Shad
pla chon ปลาชอน Striped Snakehead, Mudfish
pla chon tala ปลาชอนทะเล Cobia Rachycentron canadus
pla dip ปลาดบ Sushi, raw fish
pla dook ปลาดก Catfish
pla dook tala ปลาดกทะเล Striped Sea Catfish
pla een-tree ปลาอนทร Mackeral
pla een-tree-jood ปลาอนทรจด King Mackeral Scomberomorus guttatus Indo-Pacific king mackeral popularly (spotted) seer fish
pla gapong ปลากะพง Fish of the bass and perch family
pla gapong dang ปลากะพงแดง Red Snapper Lutjanus family
pla gapong dang gled haang
ปลากะพงแดง
เกลดหาง John's Snapper Lutjanusi johni
pla gapong dang naa dtang
ปลากะพงแดง
หนาต ง Emperor Red Snapper Lutjanus sebae
pla gapong kao ปลากะพงขาว Sea Perch
Lates calcarifer, as in Gapong Kao Briaw Wan (Sweet and Sour Fish) กะพงขาว
เปร ยวหวาน.
pla gadtek ปลากะตก Anchovy
Stolephorus indicus. Indian Anchovy, also called pla sai dtan ปลาไสต น. Used to make nam pla.
pla gra-teeng ปลากระทง Armed Spiny Eel Mastacembelus armatus, a fresh-water eel in Thailand.
pla jalamet จะละเมด Pomfret Also called butterfish, it is a prized marine food fish. There is the Silver Promfret จะละเมดขาว, and the Black Promfret จะละเมดดา.
pla kabok Mullet
pla kao Grouper
pla kutsalat Snapper
pla lai ปลาไหล Eel
pla maa ปลามา Soldier Croaker Nibea soldado
pla meuk, pla muk, plameuk
ปลาหมก Generic term for squid and cuttlefish
pla meuk kluai ปลาหมกกลวย Squid Loligo formosana, also called Splendid Squid - A species of squid found in Southeast Asia.
pla meuk kradong ปลาหมก
กระดอง Cuttlefish Sepia pharonis - A commercially important cuttlefish from the Indo-West Pacific area.
pla nin ปลานล Tilapia
pla o ปลาโอ Generic term for tuna or tunny
pla o kao ปลาโอขาว Frigate Mackeral Auxis thazard
pla o kreep leung ปลาโอครบ
เหลอง Yellowfin Tuna Thunnus albacores
pla rad ปลาแรด Giant Gourami Osphronemus goramy
pla saa baa Mackeral
pla saa deen, pla saa diin
ปลาชารดน Sardine
pla sumlee ปลาสาล Trevally
Seriola nigrofasciata, Black Banded Trevally
pla tapian ปลาตะเพยน Carp
pla tawt ปลาทอด Fried fish
pla pad, pla phat ปลาผด Stir-Fried Fish
pla tuu ปลาท Mackeral Rastrelliger brachysomus. Also called Short-Bodied Mackeral. They are about 5 to 7 inches long and have a flat body. The back is bluish silver with silver belly.
pla tuu naa ปลาทนา Tuna
"Tuna" is spelled phonetically.
plara Pickled Mud Fish
pok kak Star Anise
pon lai maai ผลไม Fruit (pronounced "poe-lah-my")
pong gkaree, pong karii
ผงกะหร Curry Powder
priaw, briaw เปรยว Sour taste
priaw wan, briaw wan, priaowan
เปรยวหวาน Sweet and sour taste
prik พรก Chile pepper
prik chee fah พรกช ฟา Chile Spur Pepper
prik daeng พรกแดง Red pepper
prik haeng พรกแหง Dried red chilis
prik leuang พรกเหลอง Yellow pepper
prik kap klua, prik gap gluea
พรกกบเกลอ Mixture of Sugar, Salt and Crushed Chili Very common to see the street vendors sell it with fresh fruit
prik ki nu, prik kee noo
พรกขหน Thai chilis Small red or green fiery "bird" or mouse dropping chili, Capsicum minimum
prik kiao พรกเขยว Green pepper
prik bpon, prik pon พรกปน Chili powder, ground chili
prik sriracha พรกศรราชา Thai Hot Sauce Used like Tabasco to add heat to dishes, but it is less sour with a more
sweet, garlic taste. Add this chilli sauce to Pad Thai, fried chicken, or fried rice. Also called 'Sawd Prik'.
prik tai พรกไทย Black pepper Piper nigrum
prik tai awn พรกไทยออน Green Peppercorns Literally, "young prik thai".
prik tai kao พรกไทยขาว White Peppercorns
prik yuat, prik yuet พรกหยวก Green bell pepper, sweet pepper
prik yuat daeng พรกหยวกแดง Red Bell Peppers
raad ราด To pour, cover, top, dress
raad naa, rad na ราดหนา Wide Noodles in Gravy
rawn รอน Hot In Thailand, it is often pronounced as "lawn".
sa ra nae สะระแหน Mint leaves Thai mint leaves are round, not thick, hairless, and slightly wavy. The stem tends to be dark red. It is easy to grow, and Thais commonly plant it in pots kept near the kitchen, where it can always be easily gathered.
sai ไส Intestines
Don't let that necessarily scare you! It also could mean "stuffing" or "filling" (food packed inside other food). Lum sai lek (ลไสลก) is a small intestine. Lum sai yai (ลไสใหญ) is a large intestine or colon.
sai grog, sai grook, sai ua
ไสกรอก Sausage
saak, sahk สาก The pestle of a mortar and pestle
Good for pounding things! -- Also means a "penis", which is also good for pounding things. :)
salad สลด Salad
sapparot สบปะรด Pineapple The pineapple is native of Central America (Christopher Colombus discovered it along with the West Indies) and it has been grown in Thailand for several centuries, especially in the sandy soil along the sea coasts. Indeed, so widespread has cultivation been in recent years that today the kingdom ranks as the world's leading exporter of canned pineapple. Besides being eaten fresh or drunk as juice, the chopped fruit is often an ingredient of cooked dishes such as a spicy soup called kaeng khua sapparot and phat sapparot, which is fried pineapple with prawns, chillies, and onions. The main fruiting seasons for Thailand are April to June and December to January but some varieties are on the market year-round.
sen mee, sen mii Vermicelli Rice Noodles, Thin Lane Noodles These noodles are called 'may-fun' in Chinese, or "mee hoon" in Malay. Vermicelli rice noodles are excellent pre-soaked in water and added to stir fry dishes. Season with oyster sauce and fish sauce for a quick, inexpensive one-plate meal. These rice flour noodles should not be confused with mung bean vermicelli, which is made with mung bean flour. Ingredients: Rice flour and water.
si iu ซอว Soy Sauce Pronounced approximately "see yew" (also nam si iu)
si iu dam ซอดา Dark Soy Sauce A viscous and sweet mixture of soy sauce and molasses
si iu khao ซอขาว Light Soy Sauce
si iu wan ซอวหวาน Sweet Dark Soy Sauce
saawn,som สอม Fork
see krong ซโครง Ribs, rib of an animal, spare ribs
sot สด Fresh, green; not spoiled; new; newly produced or minted; raw
som สม Orange Thai oranges are green with a slight amount of orange color. The juice is bright orange and tastes nothing like orange juice in the USA!
som oo สมโอ Pomelo
This is the Thai version of a grapefruit, but with a sweet rather than a sour taste and considerably larger. A number of varieties are grown, with succulent flesh that may be pale yellow, orange, or red, and since the unpeeled fruit can be kept for around a month it is a popular addition to Thai meals. The peak fruiting season is from August to November, but some pomelos are available throughout the year.
som tam, som tam malakaw
สมตา, สมตา
มะละกอ Papaya Salad Literally "sour and pound papaya"
sook สก Ripe, mature, cooked, done, boiled
sook sook สกๆ Cooked well done, when refering to meat
sook sook dip dip สกๆดบๆ Cooked medium, when refering to meat
soop ฃบ Soup From the English word, "soup".
soop hua hawm ฃบหวหอม Onion Soup
ta khrai, takrai ตะไคร Lemongrass
talae, ta lee, thelah ทะเล Seafood
tao hu khao chaniton Soft or Silken Tofu
tao hu leuang Yellow Tofu
tao hu, tao huu, thao hoo, dao hoo
เตาห Tofu, bean curd
tao jiao nam, dao jiow nam
Preparation made with fermented soybeans and flour
taeng kwah, thangkwa
แตงกวา Cucumber
thangmoo แตงโม Watermelon
Sweet and refreshing, ruby-red chunks of watermelon are an essential part of nearly every fruit platter. In Thailand, pieces of watermelon are often dipped into salt before eating; the delicious juice is also extracted and widely sold as a beverage.
tawd, taud, tod, tort ทอด To fry, to fry in deep fat, deep fry
tua ถ ว Nut or Bean Sometimes a peanut is simply called "tua".
tua li song ถ วลสง Peanuts
tua ngok, tua nork ถ วงอก Bean Sprouts
tua phak yao ถ วฝกยาว Long Beans, Yard Long Beans
tua poo ถ วพ Wing Beans
wan, waan, wahn หวาน Sugary, Sweet Taste
woon-sen, wunsen ว นเสน Mung Bean Noodles Mung bean noodles are glass, cellophane, green bean thread, dried bean thread, or "fun-see" in Chinese. These noodles are stiff like nylon fishing line in texture and can be difficult to handle.
yang, yaang ยาง Grilled, roasted, baked, barbequed As in Gai Yang Isaan (Barbequed Chicken) ไก ยางอสาน or Pla Meuk Yang (Barbequed Squid) ปลาหมกยาง.
yat ยด To stuff It is very common to see "yat sai" ย ดไส to indicate "stuffed" as in Peek Gai Yat Sai Goong (Shrimp Stuffed Chicken Wings) ปกไก ย ดไสก ง, Kai Yat Sai (Omelet) ไขย ดไส, or Prik Yat Sai (Stuffed Bell Peppers) พรกย ด
ไส.
yee-rah, yiri ยหรา Cumin
yen เยน Cold Also means early evening between 4:00pm and 6:00pm, as in "kao yen" for evening rice or "dinner".
yod ยอด Superb, excellent, best, supreme As in Gai Pad Yod Kao Pod (Chicken with Baby Corn) ไก ผ ดยอดขาวโพด
yum ยา Thai Spicy Salad Literally tossed, mixed together
สลดไก, ปอด ผกสด Chicken Salad
ไสกรอกทอด / ไสกรอกน าแดง Fried Sausage (B'lucky)
ปอเปยะทอด Fried Spring Roll
ปกไกทอดกระเทยม Deep Fried Garlic Wing
ย าว นเสน Spicy Glass Noodles Salad
ย าคอหมยาง Spicy Grilled Pork
ลาบหม หรอ ลาบไก Spicy Minced Pork or Chicken Salad
น าพรกปลาท ผกสด Shrimp paste dip with Fish & Fresh Vegetables