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Gold Medal NutritionSports Nutrition for Figure Skaters

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Abstract

Many athletes are unaware of the importance of proper nutrition throughout

their training. Gold Medal Nutrition will be an instructional program to education

figure skaters at Bridgewater Sports Arena about how athletes can improve their

performance just by attaining the proper diet. Beginning on March 5, 2016 a twenty-

minute lesson will take place in the upstairs banquet room in Bridgewater Sports

Arena. Throughout the five-week program, the skaters will have two goals. The first

goal will be to increase general nutrition education for figure skaters enrolled in the

bridge program at Bridgewater Sports Arena. Figure skaters from the bridge

program will increase their general knowledge of basic nutrition and learn the

importance of hydration. These will be evaluated through logs and pre and

posttests. The second goal of Gold Medal Nutrition will be to educate figure skaters

from the bridge program at Bridgewater Sports Arena on how to sustain energy

throughout practice. The objectives for the second goal will be able to differentiate

between what to eat pre and post practice and what not to eat pre and post practice

and the importance of sustaining energy throughout practice. Skaters will keep a log

of what they are eating to become aware of what changes they may need to make in

their diet. For both goals, there will be follow up surveys going out from six months

to one year to determine the effectiveness of this program

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RationaleAccording to the American Academy of Pediatrics, young athletes are missing

the importance of a proper diet while participating in sports. In order to obtain

optimal performance, young athletes and parents must be educated on the

components of a suitable diet to promote healthy growth during training (American

Academy of Pediatrics 2000).

When it comes to figure skaters, it is extremely important they are getting

the proper nutrition. Since figure skating is mostly an aerobic sport, skaters are

constantly burning many calories per practice session. Without the proper nutrition

skaters are unable to sustain energy levels during and after their training session

(Palacio 2013). However, with the proper nutrition and by eating the correct foods,

skaters will see that their bodies are able to recover a lot more efficiently and

effectively. In order to do this, figure skaters are encouraged to eat carbohydrates

and protein within 30-60 minutes after their session. By doing this, glycogen will be

restored within your body and it will increase synthesis of muscle protein

(Anderson 2008). The recommended daily energy requirements for females and

males ages 7-10 is 2000 kcal, females ages 11-18 is 2200 kcal, males 11-14 is 2500

kcal and males ages 15-18 is 3000 kcal (Purcell 2013). It is also encouraged for

skaters to eat 5-6 smaller meals throughout the day instead of 3 large meals

(Anderson 2008).

From learning about the right way to eat and hydrate before, during and after

practices a skater can benefit immensely in their skating. It is very important for

skaters to keep track of their fluid intake throughout the day, not only when skating,

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however, it is most important to hydrate during practices. If you are practicing more

and with a higher intensity, it is even more important to hydrate more then you

typically would. It is recommended for skaters to drink regular water or sports

drinks for the best hydration. With a proper diet, skaters will have more energy

promoting a better workout, have normal growth and development, a stronger

immune system and recover quicker from workouts (Anderson 2008).

The proposed program, Gold Medal Nutrition will be held during National

Nutrition Month. Gold Medal Nutrition will be held in March 2016 after weekly

bridge programs off ice and on ice circuit training. During Gold Medal Nutrition,

skaters will learn the importance of eating and hydration before and after skating

sessions along with basic nutrition. Skaters will be given many different unhealthy

varieties of foods that can be replaced by other healthy foods.

Gold Medal Nutrition will be successful because of the high demand of figure

skaters currently enrolled in the bridge program at Bridgewater Sports Arena. With

the numbers of students going up and their skill level increasing quickly, sports

nutrition is something extremely important to learn so they train properly and

effectively. In recent studies, it has been proven that with the correct nutrition

athletes will be able to recover quickly and is very helpful in training and

competition (Zhang 2015). Gold Medal Nutrition is going to help skaters succeed in

not only their practice, but during competitions as well.

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Needs Assessment:

For the needs assessment for Gold Medal Nutrition, an observation was

taken. On September 26, 2015 I attended the bridge program at Bridgewater sports

arena. The bridge program is composed of both the on ice circuit training and off ice

circuit training for competitive figure skaters and for skaters who are thinking of

competing. After observing them both during their on and ice off circuit training I

saw that nutrition wasn’t really being mentioned. There are only 20 out of 250

skaters are enrolled in the advanced bridge program and less then half know about

the importance of nutrition. Not only is this a problem within the Bridgewater

Sports Arena, but the United States Figure Skating Association (USFSA) sees this as

problematic too (Anderson 2008). USFSA is constantly trying to educate their

skaters with adequate nutrition advice to enhance their training in a safe and

sustainable way. After having contact with program director, Toyka Lewis she has

agreed with me that they need to be educated on sports nutrition because none of

them have ever learned about it. Toyka Lewis has informed Gold Medal Nutrition

what she would like to see in the program. After observing and guidance, Gold

Medal Nutrition will be based on general nutrition and how to sustain energy during

practice and competition.

Goals, Objectives & Evaluation

Goal #1: To increase general nutrition education for figure skaters enrolled in the

bridge program at Bridgewater Sports Arena.

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Impact: 75% of bridge program students will understand the importance of

hydration and will begin to keep track of their daily intake after week 3.

o Evaluation: Bridge program students will begin to take a log of their

daily water intake.

Impact: 75% of bridge program students will increase their knowledge of

basic nutrition after week 3.

o Evaluation: On week one give them a pretest; half way through (week

3) the same test will be given. (See Appendix A)

Process: At least 50% of bridge program students will attend Gold Medal

Nutrition.

o Evaluation: Attendance sheet will be provided each week.

Process: Distribute take home brochures on basic nutrition once a month.

o Evaluation: Check to make sure brochures are always available in rink

lobby for quick information.

Outcome: Follow up 6 months later with survey to see if Gold Medal

Nutrition has had an impact on figure skaters.

o Evaluation: Distribute survey via email. (See Appendix A)

Outcome: Follow up 1 year later with survey to see if figure skaters are still

eating healthy.

o Evaluation: Distribute survey via email. (See Appendix A)

Goal #2: To educate figure skaters from the bridge program at Bridgewater Sports

Arena on how to sustain energy throughout practice.

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Impact: 75% of bridge program students enrolled in Gold Medal Nutrition

will understand the importance of sustaining energy after week 3.

o Evaluation: On week one give them a pretest; half way through (week

3) the same test will be given. (See Appendix A)

Impact: 75% of bridge program students will be able to differentiate between

what not to eat pre and post practice and what to eat pre and post practice.

o Evaluation: Bridge program students will make a list in the beginning

and end of Gold Medal Nutrition naming 3 things not to eat pre and

post practice and 3 things to eat pre and post practice.

Process: Distribute take home brochures on basic nutrition once a week.

o Evaluation: Check to make sure brochures are always available in rink

lobby for quick information.

Process: After week two, a specific diet will be recommended to follow to

make sure figure skaters are getting the proper nutrients.

o Evaluation: The skaters’ diets will be recorded and handed in after

each week.

Outcome: By the end of week 5, figure skaters will finish the program with

more confidence in their skating from learning how nutrition affects their

performance.

o Evaluation: Figure skating students will write down what they know

the first week and last week. We will compare to see how much they

have learned throughout the 5 weeks.

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Outcome: A follow up survey will be sent out 1 year later to see if figure

skaters have changed their nutrition patterns and have more energy during

practice and competitions.

o Evaluation: Survey will be sent out via email. (See Appendix A)

Program Description and Theory Base

The Transtheoretical Model (TTM) is based on an individual’s readiness to

change a health behavior. This model is on an interpersonal level and it focuses on

each individual’s stage of change. This model fits Gold Medal Nutrition because in

the intervention we are trying to change the eating habits of figure skaters to

increase optimal performance. There are five stages within the TTM, Pre

Contemplation, Contemplation, Preparation, Action and Maintenance. After doing a

needs assessment, skaters fell into the pre contemplation stage because they did not

know the importance of making the change, however, after hearing about Gold

Medal Nutrition they moved into the contemplation stage. Now that the skaters

realize that nutrition is a big deal in their performance they have already moved

into contemplation stage without even beginning the intervention. Once Gold Medal

Nutrition begins we hope to move skaters through the next three stages,

preparation, action and maintenance. Along with the stages of change within this

program, the processes of change will be incorporated as stated:

Conscious Rising- Teach skaters the importance of nutrition.

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Dramatic Relief- Give skaters 20 minutes at the end of teaching

session to talk about their personal feelings and concerns about their

change.

Environmental Reevaluation- Have skaters create a pro and cons list

of their change in the beginning and end of the program.

Self-Reevaluation- On the first day have skaters imagine their best

skate and ask them how they would feel after and how much they

think nutrition pays a roll in it.

Stimulus Control- Have skaters set reminders for themselves to eat

healthy throughout the day.

Helping Relationships- Have skaters help and support each other,

both on and off the ice.

Counter Conditioning- Encourage skaters to eat something healthy

when they are feeling like they want to eat something unhealthy.

Reinforcement Management- Give skaters free public session passes

when you see them making a healthy choice in the rink.

Social Liberation- Give skater’s ideas of healthy snacks they can pack

not only for skating, but for school as well.

Self-Liberation- Have skaters tell friends and family members about

their nutrition changes and make a commitment to themselves that

they will go through the behavior change.

This program will take place in the upstairs banquet room of the

Bridgewater Sports Arena where there will be a computer and projector set up and

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a twenty-minute lesson will take place once week for 5 weeks. After the twenty

minute lesson is over, I will leave some time to take to skaters and parents if they do

have any questions.

For week one of the program, a few different processes of change will be

used within the lesson. The processes of change that will be used are conscious

rising, environmental reevaluation and self-evaluation. Shown below is the lesson

plan for week 1:

Stage: Example:

Gain Attention Present success stories and meal plans of

Olympic skaters to target audience. Then

have skaters close their eyes and picture

their best performance and ask them

how they would feel after and how much

they think nutrition pays a roll in it (self

reevaluation)

Material Hand out brochures following the

presentation summarizing what was

discussed (conscious rising)

Guidance I would use myself as a guidance to show

how easy it can be to eat the proper

foods while training.

Feedback Have students record their daily meals/

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eating habits for a week. The next week

follow up with a comparison of a

recommended meal plan.

Also, have students make a pro/ cons list

of healthy eating habits (environmental

reevaluation)

Retention Give skaters a reference app and hang up

posters around the rink to remind

skaters what they should be eating.

Marketing

Product/ Promotion

The marketing plan for this program will incorporate many different

strategies in order to get people to come. The first marketing strategy will be

through advertising. There will be flyers posted throughout the rink and it will be

posted in the brochure for when the bridge students sign up for the session (see

Appendix B). The flyer was tested in a focus group containing five employees from

the Bridgewater Sports Arena. Employees gave positive feed back of the flyer’s

design. Employees were also asked to give feedback of how effectively it caught

their attention. Another advertising technique that will be utilized is Facebook posts

reminding bridge students to attend.

The second marketing technique that will be used is direct marketing. Since I

am currently a coach at the Bridgewater Sports Arena and currently teach the

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bridge program students on a daily basis, I will constantly be remind them to attend

each session before and throughout the implementation. As well as my own word of

mouth, I will also ask other coaches to remind students and parents to attend as

well.

The last marketing strategy that will be uses is by digital communication.

When signing up for the bridge program students are given the opportunity to give

an email address and are asked if they want to receive emails about upcoming

events. With the parents who have agreed to be reached by email, I will send out an

email a 2-3 days prior to the start date and an email halfway through the

implementation to remind students they are welcome to attend at any time. By

using this combination of these marketing plans, my goal is to constantly be

reminding students to come to Gold Medal Nutrition.

Price/ Place

The price of this program is a fixed fee that is part of the bridge program fee

of $185. The annual $185 fee includes 5 weeks of 1-hour ice circuit lesson and a 30-

minute off ice training session. With Gold Medal Nutrition, we will be offering 20

minutes after on and off ice training to provide nutrition education. This will be held

in the upstairs banquet room above the ice rink. Through in-kind donations, the rink

management is supplying Gold Medal Nutrition with space, tables, chairs, paper, a

computer and projector to view power points. The rink management will also be

donating materials to print out take home brochures as we go through the program.

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Budget Table and Explanation

For Gold Medal Nutrition will have two employees working during the

implementation. The first employee will be Ali Roussos who works for the public

relations department of the rink. Ali will assist in setting up tables, chairs, laptop

and the projector. The next employee that will be helping out is Toyka Lewis, who is

the coordinator of the figure skating program. Toyka will be helping out with

guiding students to the banquet room and helping with any necessary errands. I will

be implementing the program myself with a curriculum I have made for the skaters.

The rink has donated the space for Gold Medal Nutrition to be held, which is

upstairs of the rink in the banquet room. There will be tables and chairs set up in the

room for the skaters to be able to feel comfortable. Gold Medal Nutrition needs a

copy machine with ink and paper in order to print any necessary items, a computer

to present information on and a project so everyone is able to see the information.

All of these things will be donated from Bridgewater Sports Arena. Other supplies

that will be needed are incentives. The incentives that will be given are free public

session passes for students who are seen eating healthy throughout the rink. This

program will be paid by an in-kind donation from Bridgewater Sports Arena, and

the budget will be monitored by Toyka Lewis. Shown below is the breakdown of the

budget:

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Revenue and Support AmountContribution from sponsors $1000.00 (laptop and projector)Gifts $109.2Grants $0Participant fee $185Sale of curriculum material $0 Total income: $1,294.20

ExpendituresDirect Costs Personnel Salary & Wages $0 Fringe Benefits $0 Consultants $20 ($10 per consultant) Supplies Instructional materials $6 Incentives $60 (free public session passes) Meeting Costs $0 Equipment $0 Travel $0 Postage $0 Advertising $6 Total of Direct Costs: $92

Indirect CostsIn-kind donation from Bridgewater Sports Arena $109.20

Total Expenditures: $1,386.20

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Logic Model

Assumptions: 1. Skaters will attend and be engaged in the program.2. Skaters will change their eating habits to increase performance.

Timeline

Week 1

Week 2

Week 3

Week 4

Week 5

Week 6

Reserve space xGet workers xConduct needs assessment

x

Create flyers xCreate pre/post tests and brochures

x

Create marketing strategy

x x

Inpu

ts

Must have moneyMust have datesMust have email and flyers ready to be sent or postedMust have brochures and pre/post surveysMust have reserved spaceMust have lesson plans

Out

puts

Bring lesson plansReview materialHave brochures printer to be handed outMake sure computer and projector are set upMake sure table and chairs are set upHave pre/ post tests printedHave space reserved

Out

com

e

Short term goal: Have students show up to Gold Medal Nutrtion

Mid term goal: Have students be interested in material

Long tem goal: Have students have better eating habits and increased performance

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Buy Supplies (paper, ink)

x

Set up room xPrint flyers xPrint pre/post tests and brochures

x

Launch program x

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References:

Intensive Training and Sports Specialization in Young Athletes. (n.d.). Retrieved October1, 2015, from http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/106/1/154.full

Nutrition for the Female Athlete. (n.d.). Retrieved October 1, 2015, fromhttp://reference.medscape.com/article/108994 overview#a3

Purcell, L. (2013, April 2). Sport nutrition for young athletes. Retrieved November11, 2015, from http://www.cps.ca/documents/position/sport-nutrition

for young-athletes

Sports Nutrition For Figure Skaters. (n.d.). Retrieved October 1, 2015, fromhttps://www.usfigureskating.org/content/2008 Elite Coaches SeminarNutrition.pdf

Zhang, Z. (2015, August 10). The Open Cybernetics & Systemics Journal. RetrievedNovember 13, 2015, from http://benthamopen.com/ABSTRACT/TOCSJ-9 1756

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Appendix AGoal 1 Impact Objective:

1. Which of these are not considered a nutrient?a. Vitaminsb. Mineralsc. Fiberd. Fats

2. Which type of food should take up the most space on your plate?a. Fruits & Veggiesb. Meatsc. Grains

3. Which of these foods is the best source for calcium?a. Breadb. Yogurtc. Apples

4. What should you drink the most of each day?a. Milkb. Waterc. Juice

Goal 2 Impact Objective:1. Of the following breakfast items, which is the healthiest?

a. A doughnutb. Bacon & eggsc. Bagel & cream cheesed. A bowl of whole grain cereal with skim milk

2. Of the following snacks, which is the least healthy?a. French friesb. Nutsc. Popcornd. Apple

3. It’s an hour before a competition and you’re feeling hungry. What is the best thing to eat?

a. A cheeseburger & friedb. Spaghetti and meatballsc. Ice creamd. An apple and a muffin

4. Which food group is our body’s best source of energy?a. Meat groupb. Fats, oils & sweetsc. Breads and cerealsd. Milk and cheese

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Goal 1 Outcome (after 6 months):1. Have you seen any results from your skating yet? Explain.2. Have you had a positive or negative experience with Gold Medal Nutrition

so far? Explain.3. What are some positive things from Gold Medal Nutrition?4. What would you improve for Gold Medal Nutrition?

Goal 1/2 Outcome Objective (after one year):1. Have you changed your diet since Gold Medal Nutrition?

If so, how?2. How has Gold Medal Nutrition helped you learn about nutrition?3. Have you had more energy since learning about nutrition and skating?4. Has your training improved since Gold Medal Nutrition?

If so, how?

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Appendix B

START DATE:

March 5

GOLD MEDAL NUTRITIONBASIC & SPORTS NUTIRTION FOR BRIDGE PROGRAM STUDENTS

Learn about basic nutrition Learn about nutrition for figure skating training and

competitionsLearn about the proper diet while trainingLearn how to sustain energy throughout practicesLearn the importance of a nutritious diet while skating

JOIN US AFTER OFF ICE IN THE BANQUET ROOM FOR 20 MINUTE LESSON20