Lean ISD - for Training Conference 1998

TRAINING ’98—Session #415 © 1998 CADDI, Inc. 2/18/98P-1000

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lean-lean-ISDISD

Session #415Session #415TRAINING ’98TRAINING ’98

Conference PresentationConference Presentation

Peter R. HybertGuy W. Wallace

CADDI, Inc.


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leanlean

Concept from the book:

The Machine That Changed the WorldThe Machine That Changed the World

by:

James P. Womack

Daniel T. Jones

Daniel Roos


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leanlean

Best of both massmass and craftcraft production

Principles and attributes of leanlean

• Teamwork

• Communication

• Efficient use of resources and elimination of waste

• Continuous improvement


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leanlean

Attributes of a leanlean process/methodology

• Defined process/steps

• Defined roles/responsibilities

• Standard tools/templates

• Flexible


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ISDISD

Common BenefitsCommon Benefits Common ComplaintsCommon Complaints• More interactivity and/or More interactivity and/or

testingtesting

• More effective More effective instructional processinstructional process

• Focus on job performance Focus on job performance and learning versus and learning versus contentcontent

• Better use of instructional Better use of instructional mediamedia

• Takes too longTakes too long

• Impossible to forecast and Impossible to forecast and managemanage

• Variable results—Variable results—depends on the designerdepends on the designer

• Each designer uses Each designer uses his/her own process, his/her own process, formats, defaults, etc.formats, defaults, etc.


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ISDISD

The bottom line—it is difficult to get consistent, The bottom line—it is difficult to get consistent, reliable results implementing ISD in a corporate reliable results implementing ISD in a corporate

training organizationtraining organization

Common BenefitsCommon Benefits Common ComplaintsCommon Complaints• More interactivity and/or More interactivity and/or

testingtesting

• More effective More effective instructional processinstructional process

• Focus on job performance Focus on job performance and learning versus and learning versus contentcontent

• Better use of instructional Better use of instructional mediamedia

• Takes too longTakes too long

• Impossible to forecast and Impossible to forecast and managemanage

• Variable results—Variable results—depends on the designerdepends on the designer

• Each designer uses Each designer uses his/her own process, his/her own process, formats, defaults, etc.formats, defaults, etc.


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lean-lean-ISDISD

leanlean applied to ISD would have beneficial impacts on

• Quality

• Cycle time

• Cost


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lean-lean-ISDISDvia the PACTvia the PACTSMSM Processes for T&D Processes for T&D

CAD Curriculum Curriculum Architecture DesignArchitecture Design

CADDI’s PACT Processes for T&D


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CAD

MCD

Curriculum Architecture Design

Modular Curriculum Modular Curriculum DevelopmentDevelopment




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IAD

CAD

MCD


Modular Curriculum Development

Instructional Activity Instructional Activity DevelopmentDevelopment




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IAD

CAD

PACT Analysis MCD



Instructional Activity Development




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IAD

CAD

PACT Analysis MCD

Project Planning & Management







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IAD

CAD

PACT Analysis MCD





Three levels of ISD


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Let’s look at some examplesLet’s look at some examples


Akin to systems engineering of products

• Car development

• Telecommunications product development

• Software development


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lean-lean-Car DevelopmentCar Development

Component Design &

Development

Auto Integrated Systems Design

Customer Requirements

& Supplier Capabilities

System Design &

Development


e.g., Four-door pickup truck

e.g., H/V/AC system design

e.g., Backseat fan control mechanism


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lean-lean-Telecommunications Product Telecommunications Product DevelopmentDevelopment

Component Design &

Development

Network Integrated Systems Design



System Design &

Development


e.g., Networked phone system

e.g., Phone handset

e.g., “Redial” button


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lean-lean-Software DevelopmentSoftware Development

Component Design &

Development

Application Suite

Systems Design



System Design &

Development


e.g., Integrated corporate financial system

e.g., Spreadsheet application

e.g., “Cut & paste” function


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PACT Processes for T&DPACT Processes for T&D

CAD -CAD - Curriculum Architecture Design Curriculum Architecture Design

Macrolevel ISD analysis and design


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Systems analysis and systems engineering design of the T&D product line

• Modular design product line

Product X


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Product YProduct X


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Product X Product Y







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Product X Product Y

CAD assists in a reuse strategy for CAD assists in a reuse strategy for modules/chunks of T&D contentmodules/chunks of T&D content







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MCD -MCD - Modular Curriculum Development Modular Curriculum Development

Midlevel analysis and design

Akin to the ADDIEModel, also known as the “big block diagram,” fromthe work of Robert Gagne, Leslie Briggs, Robert Moran, and Robert Branson


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MCD -MCD - Modular Curriculum Development Modular Curriculum Development

Midlevel analysis and design

Akin to the ADDIEModel, also known as the “big block diagram,” fromthe work of Robert Gagne, Leslie Briggs, Robert Moran, and Robert Branson

AnalysisAA

DesignDD

DevelopmentDD

ImplementationII

EvaluationEE


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IAD -IAD - Instructional Activity Development Instructional Activity Development

Microlevel analysis and design

Development of typical instructional elements or activities, such as

• Simulation exercises

• Performance tests

• Structured, on-the-job training

• Demonstrations

• Case studies

• Etc.


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AnalysisAnalysis

Similar front-end analysis for each PACT Process for T&D

IAD

CAD

PACT Analysis MCD



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AnalysisAnalysis

Four types of ISD Analysis

PACT Analysis


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AnalysisAnalysis

PACT Analysis

Target Audience DataTarget Audience Data



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PACT Analysis

Target Audience Data

Performance ModelingPerformance Modeling


AnalysisAnalysis



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PACT Analysis


Performance Modeling

Knowledge/Skill AnalysisKnowledge/Skill Analysis


AnalysisAnalysis



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PACT Analysis


Performance Modeling

Knowledge/Skill Analysis

Existing T&D AssessmentExisting T&D Assessment


AnalysisAnalysis



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Project Planning & ManagementProject Planning & Management

PACT embraces

• Structured processes

• Predefined roles and responsibilities

• Detailed planning

• Continuous communications

• Customer control of content/supplier control of process


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Planning and communications tools and templates

• Systematic engagement of customers and stakeholders

- The right people doing the right things at the right time

• Interview guides

• Project Plan templates

- CAD

- MCD

- IAD

• PST gate review meeting presentations


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Gated Project PhasesGated Project Phases

Each PACT Process has a gated process model

• Gates are key customer/stakeholder review/approval/decision points

CAD Phase 4

Implementation Planning

CAD Phase 1Project

Planning & Kick-off

CAD Phase 2

Analysis

CAD Phase 3

Design


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MCD Phase 4

Development/ Acquisition

MCD Phase 1Project

Planning & Kick-off

MCD Phase 2

Analysis

MCD Phase 3

Design

MCD Phase 5

Pilot Test

MCD Phase 6

Revision & Release


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IAD Phase 4

Development

IAD Phase 1Project

Planning & Kick-off

IAD Phase 2

Analysis

IAD Phase 3

Design

IAD Phase 5

Pilot Test

IAD Phase 6

Revision & Release


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CAD Phase 4


CAD Phase 1Project

Planning & Kick-off

CAD Phase 2

Analysis

CAD Phase 3

Design

Each PACT Process is the starting point for situational adjustment/adaptation

• Phase combinations are possible


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CAD Phase 4


CAD Phase 1Project

Planning & Kick-off

CAD Phases 2/3

Analysis/Design






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MCD Phase 4


MCD Phase 1Project

Planning & Kick-off

MCD Phase 2

Analysis

MCD Phase 3

Design

MCD Phase 5

Pilot Test

MCD Phase 6

Revision & Release






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MCD Phase 4


MCD Phase 1Project

Planning & Kick-off

MCD Phases 2/3

Analysis/Design

MCD Phase 5

Pilot Test

MCD Phase 6

Revision & Release






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IAD Phase 4

Development

IAD Phase 1Project

Planning & Kick-off

IAD Phase 2

Analysis

IAD Phase 3

Design

IAD Phase 5

Pilot Test

IAD Phase 6

Revision & Release






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IAD Phases 4/5/6

Development, Pilot Test, and Revision & Release

IAD Phases 2/3

Analysis/Design





IAD Phase 1Project

Planning & Kick-off


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Teams & Roles/ResponsibilitiesTeams & Roles/Responsibilities

Project Steering Team

Analysis Team

Design Team

Implementation Planning Team

Typical Teams — CAD


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Analysis Team

Design Team

Development Team

Pilot Test Team



Typical Teams — MCD


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Analysis Team

Design Team

Development Team

Pilot Test Team



Typical Teams — IAD


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Word Processing TemplatesWord Processing Templates

• Project Plan Project Plan

• Proposal Proposal

• Project Steering Team Project Steering Team Review PresentationsReview Presentations

• Invitation and Confirmation Invitation and Confirmation LettersLetters


Tools and Go-by’sTools and Go-by’s

• Stakeholder/Customer Stakeholder/Customer Interview GuideInterview Guide

• Project Plan Project Plan

• ProposalProposal


Tools and TemplatesTools and Templates


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AnalysisAnalysis




• Target Audience DataTarget Audience Data

• Performance ModelPerformance Model

• Knowledge/Skill MatrixKnowledge/Skill Matrix

• Existing T&D AssessmentExisting T&D Assessment

• Analysis Team Kick-off Analysis Team Kick-off PresentationPresentation

• Project Steering Team Project Steering Team Review PresentationReview Presentation


• Analysis ReportAnalysis Report

• Analysis DatabaseAnalysis Database


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DesignDesign




• Event Specs and MapsEvent Specs and Maps

• Module Specs and MapsModule Specs and Maps

• Lesson Specs and MapsLesson Specs and Maps

• Activity SpecsActivity Specs

• Project Steering Team Project Steering Team Review PresentationReview Presentation

• Design Team Kick-off Design Team Kick-off PresentationPresentation


• Design DocumentDesign Document

• Design DatabaseDesign Database


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DevelopmentDevelopment



Word Processing TemplatesWord Processing Templates Tools and Go-by’sTools and Go-by’s


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Customer/StakeholderCustomer/Stakeholder

• Project is visible and Project is visible and predictable in terms of predictable in terms of - T&D qualityT&D quality- Investment and Investment and

returnsreturns- Project tasks and Project tasks and

scheduleschedule

• Provides managerial Provides managerial review and control review and control pointspoints

SupplierSupplier

• Puts ISD suppliers in Puts ISD suppliers in control of instructional control of instructional integrity within the integrity within the parameters set by the parameters set by the customercustomer

• Templates and tools Templates and tools enable detailed project enable detailed project planning and planning and communications with communications with the customerthe customer

LearnerLearner

• T&D is performance T&D is performance oriented and will have oriented and will have a positive impact on a positive impact on learner’s ability to learner’s ability to performperform

• Modular structure Modular structure provides flexibility for provides flexibility for learner participationlearner participation

lean-lean-ISD via the PACT Processes for T&DISD via the PACT Processes for T&D

Business BenefitsBusiness Benefits


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lean-lean-ISD via the PACT Processes for T&DISD via the PACT Processes for T&D

Business BenefitsBusiness Benefits

Ensures voice of the customer and voice of the Ensures voice of the customer and voice of the supplier in ISD projectssupplier in ISD projects

Customer/StakeholderCustomer/Stakeholder

• Project is visible and Project is visible and predictable in terms of predictable in terms of - T&D qualityT&D quality- Investment and Investment and

returnsreturns- Project tasks and Project tasks and

scheduleschedule

• Provides managerial Provides managerial review and control review and control pointspoints

SupplierSupplier

• Puts ISD suppliers in Puts ISD suppliers in control of instructional control of instructional integrity within the integrity within the parameters set by the parameters set by the customercustomer

• Templates and tools Templates and tools enable detailed project enable detailed project planning and planning and communications with communications with the customerthe customer

LearnerLearner

• T&D is performance T&D is performance oriented and will have oriented and will have a positive impact on a positive impact on learner’s ability to learner’s ability to performperform

• Modular structure Modular structure provides flexibility for provides flexibility for learner participationlearner participation


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lean-lean-ISD SummaryISD Summary

• A blend of the best of both craftcraft and massmass production approaches, applied to ISD

- Common process

- Gated process models

- Use of teams

- Use of tools and templates

• Multilevel design hierarchy used to ensure platform, modular, integrated ISD


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Standard, but flexible processes and Standard, but flexible processes and methodologies for ISDmethodologies for ISD

lean-lean-ISD SummaryISD Summary

• A blend of the best of both craftcraft and massmass production approaches, applied to ISD

- Common process

- Gated process models

- Use of teams

- Use of tools and templates

• Multilevel design hierarchy used to ensure platform, modular, integrated ISD


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lean-lean-ISDISD

Thank You!

Lean ISD - for Training Conference 1998

Business

design systems analysis

design akin

systems engineering

td caddis pact processes

pact smprocesses

hvac system design

td akin

lean isd session