Leadership

Leadership Psych 182, 2nd Sem, AY 2014-2015

Fernandez, H.

- Power to coerce others

- Inborn trait

- Necessity of group life

- Mysterious capacity to

heal sick groups

- Process by which an individual

guides others in their collective

pursuits, often by organizing,

directing, coordinating,

supporting, and motivating their

efforts

- Complex interpersonal

processes (reciprocal,

transactional, transformational,

cooperative, and adaptive)

Who are the leaders? Whom can we call leaders?

Are leaders managers?

Leader Manager - Innovates - Original - Develops - Focuses on people

- Inspires trust - Long-term perspective - Asks WHAT and WHY - Has his own person - Does the right thing - Education

- Administers - Copy - Maintains - Focuses on systems &

Structure - Relies on control - Short-range view - Asks HOW and WHEN - Accepts status quo - Does things right - Training

What skills should a leader have?

Conceptual Skills

Human Skills

Technical Skills

Refers to a persons knowledge & ability on

any type of process

technique

Ability to work and

interact effectively

with people

Ability to comprehend

fully in terms of

models, abstract

relationship, and

theoretical framework

Autocratic (Authoritarian)

Democratic (Participative)

Power is centralized & decision making is assumed by the

leader

+ foster decision and

implementation of goals

+ less competent members can

be put to use

- More frustrations and conflicts

(members are not asked to share

opinions or decisions)

- Loses individuality

Decentralized authority, consult follower, decisions are not one-

sided/unilateral; people oriented

+ better understanding bet.

followers & leaders can select their

own working partners

+ constructive suggestions &

allows members to make choices

- Members tend to be assertive &

arrogant

- Lack of discipline & limited control

of the leader

Laissez Fair (Free-Rein Leadership)

Inability to enact an autocratic style correctly; instead just distanced

himself/herself from the group

Avoid power and responsibilities

+ more freedom and interdependence

+ followers play major role in decision

making

- Highly permissive (might lead to chaos

and disunity)

- No guidance and supervision

Positive Type Negative Type

Emphasizes praises, support and reward for

followers

Tendency to be domineering and superior

with other people

Reprimand is given in the presence of others,

penalties and display

authority

Initiating Regulating Information Supporting Evaluating

Effective Leadership

Task

motivated

or goal

directed

Control

rewards and

punishment,

ability to

minimize

conflict

Shows high

quality

decisions,

monitor

communica-

tion,

reduces

goal

ambiguity

Gives

mutual trust;

warm and

affectionate;

coordination

of activities

Willingness

to make

changes;

flexibility

What is the future of Leadership?

Increases in diversity across groups will create challenges for leaders

(heterogeneous work groups)

Evolving paradigm

PARTICIPATIVE

LEADERSHIP

FACILITATIVE

LEADERSHIP

Evolving Paradigm

This type of leadership puts primary stress on relational skills: understanding each team members personal goals and aligning them with the corporate goal, recognizing individual competencies and melding them to the common purpose, inspiring efforts through continuous feedback, and helping to address specific development needs.

PARTICIPATIVE

LEADERSHIP

FACILITATIVE

LEADERSHIP

Difference of Mentoring, Coaching,

and Counseling

Mentor Coach Counsel

Focus Individual Performance Issues

Role Facilitator

with no

agenda

With Specific

agenda

Adviser/

Listener

Relationship Self-

selecting

Comes with the

job

Could be both

Arena Life Task related psychological

What is the future of Leadership?

Increase in the use of information technologies will change the way leaders

interact with their followers

Increased numbers of women rising to positions of leadership in groups and

organizations

Sources:

Forsyth, D. R. (2010). Group dynamics (5th ed.). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth, Cengage Learning.

Tria, G. E. & Jao, L. V. (1999). Introductory course in group dynamics (1st ed.). Manila, PH: Rex Book Store, Inc.